Abstract: A linear motor comprises a first magnetic pole having a plurality of uneven magnetic pole teeth of magnetic material arranged longitudinally at predetermined regular intervals of length, and a second magnetic pole having a yoke and plurality of uneven magnetic pole teeth made of magnetic material opposed to the first magnetic pole with a slight gap and a coil wound on each magnetic pole tooth and the permanent magnets, in which the relative position of the first and second magnetic poles in the longitudinal direction can be varied. The longitudinal lengths of the protruded portion of the second magnetic pole are substantially equal with each other. The longitudinal length of the recessed portion of the second magnetic pole is set to about one-third of the longitudinal length of the protruded portion of the first magnetic pole. The number of the protruded portions of the first magnetic pole is set to be a multiple of two.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for measuring the vibration amplitude of an electromagnetic vibratory motor is disclosed in which the current induced in the coils of the motor is rectified and sensed and applied to a current signal conditioning circuit to produce an average current signal. The voltage across the coils is sensed and is applied to a voltage signal conditioning circuit to produce a peak voltage signal. First and second predetermined scale factor signals are generated. The average current signal is divided by the peak voltage signal and the result is multiplied by the second scale factor signal. The scaled divided signal is subtracted from the first scale factor signal to yield the desired signal representative of the vibration amplitude of the vibratory motor.

Abstract: To keep the voltage rating of the components of a static converter as low as possible, the permanent magnets of a permanent magnetically excited converter-fed synchronous motor with a preferred direction of rotation which are mounted on circumferential surface of the soft-magnetic part of the rotor have a thickness which, along the line of the magnetization, increases from a first entering edge to the other leaving edge of the permant magnet with the thickness at the first edge being nearly zero. The magnetic air gap increases from said first edge to the adjoining pole gap. The supply currents having rectangular time patterns are controlled in accordance with the position of the rotor so that the electrical loading is routed only along the q axis.

Abstract: An electrothermodynamic (ETD) generator and a compressor is described for use in a Marks/Ericsson Cycle. New equations are derived based on varying the electric charge distribution along the flow axis and new principles based thereon are used in the generator design.

Abstract: A generator has a rotor attached to one of a pair of spoke suspending hub flanges rotatably mounted on an axle of a bicycle and a stator fixedly mounted on the axle. The generator includes a hub drum having a disc portion and a rim portion, the disc portion being concentrically fixed on an outer surface of the one hub flange and formed at its central portion with a through hole through which the axle is rotatably inserted, the rim portion being integrally formed on an outer circumferential edge of the disc portion so as to project in the direction of an outer surface of the disc portion. An annular magnet assembly constituting the rotor is attached on an inner circumferential surface of the rim portion.

Abstract: A permanent magnet type stepping motor wherein number of magnetic poles provided radially on the inside periphery of a stator is 16, number of pole teeth provided on a rotor poles is (z) (wherein z=16 m.+-.4; (m) denotes a positive integer), 14 poles among 16 have pitch of (22.5.-+.45/z).degree. between their own pole teeth and corresponding pole teeth of adjacent poles and other two poles have pitch of (22.5.+-.315/z).degree. between their own pole teeth and corresponding pole teeth of adjacent poles.

Abstract: A reciprocating linear motor (10) is formed with a pair of ring-shaped permanent magnets (50, 52) having opposite radial polarizations, held axially apart by a non-magnetic yoke (20), which serves as an axially displaceable armature assembly (14). A pair of annularly wound coils (30, 32) having axial lengths which differ from the axial lengths of the permanent magnets are serially coupled together in mutual opposition and positioned with an outer cylindrical core (24) in axial symmetry about the armature assembly. One embodiment includes a second pair of annularly wound coils (36, 38) serially coupled together in mutual opposition and an inner cylindrical core (26) positioned in axial symmetry inside the armature radially opposite to the first pair of coils.

Abstract: A system useful for controlling multiple secondaries of a linear disposed motor along an elongated path, with the system having a linear synchronous motor with its elongated primary disposed along the elongated path and at least one secondary responsive to the primary with means disposed thereon for attachment to a body to be propelled along the path, a plurality of linear synchronous motor drivers for providing inputs to designated coil windings of the primary for developing a traveling electromagnetic wave along the primary, a driver controller means connected to each motor driver which has plurality of memory sections for storing therein characteristics of waveforms for use in the system of the invention, a central controller for controlling the output of the plurality of driver controller means and a system computer for down loading instructions for the various waveform patterns to the memories of the driver controller means and for overall supervisory control of the system of the invention.

Abstract: An electromagnetic vibratory exciter for use in vibratory equipment incorporates a free mass housed in an elongate housing having electromagnets mounted inboard at each end of the housing. The free mass is totally enclosed and carries a pair of armatures for cooperation with the electromagnets. An air gap is maintained during operation between the electromagnets and the armatures through the use of compression elements interposed between the electromagnet housing and the armatures of the free mass.

Abstract: In a linear pulse motor which includes: a movable body having an iron core provided with a coil or coils and side plates for supporting the iron core; a stationary body having magnetic circuit forming means for forming a magnetic circuit with the iron core across an air gap between the iron core and the magnetic circuit forming means; an axle fixed to the movable body, and wheels supported rotatably on end portions of the axle, respectively, and rollable on and along the stationary body; wherein the coil or coils are energized by pulses of a predetermined drive frequency to impart a stepwise magnetic drive force to the movable body, the length of the axle between the wheels is so determined that a noise level peak frequency or resonant frequency of the movable body is sufficiently far from the predetermined drive frequency.

Abstract: A motor has been proposed in German Offenlegungsschrift DI-OS 2,730,142 and corresponding U.S. Pat. No. 4,211,963. The windings of the tacho winding are diposed here next to the stator winding in the flat air gap of the main magnet, and the current changes in the statorwinding induce therefor in the tachowinding voltages interfering with a precise working control. On the other hand would a disposition of the tacho generator at a different position of the motor increase its axial length considerably, especially when a magnetic shielding between the motor and the tachogenerator is provided.

Abstract: A thermionic converter (10) is set forth which includes an envelope (12) having an electron collector structure (22) attached adjacent to a wall (16). An electron emitter structure (24) is positioned adjacent the collector structure (22) and spaced apart from opposite wall (14). The emitter (24) and collector (22) structures are in a common chamber (20). The emitter structure (24) is heated substantially only by thermal radiation. Very small interelectrode gaps (28) can be maintained utilizing the thermionic converter (10) whereby increased efficiency results.

Abstract: A rotor slot insulation system includes two L-shaped insulative armors lining a slot that is disposed in the rotor for receving a conductor. The short legs of the insulative armors, which are disposed at the bottom of the slot, face each other and preferably abut. A spacer device overlays the short legs for spacing the conductor away from the corners of the armors and for increasing the electrical path from the conductor to the rotor. The spacer device and insulative armors may be secured by disposing a member, which is affixed to the spacer device, to engage the short legs of the insulative armors and to extend into a recess in the bottom of the slot.

Abstract: A lamination bundle or stack for a long-stator-linear motor. Each lamination is made of a thin, siliconized metal sheet for the electrical industry with a thickness of between 0.35 to 1.00 mm, and at one end of its narrow side has a recess, and at its opposite end has an extension corresponding to this recess for a positive or form-locking arrangement of the bundles in rows adjacent to each other. Of the teeth laterally defining the grooves of cable windings each end tooth has a width which corresponds to half the width of the adjacent tooth and at its free end is cut at an incline, whereby the inclined cutting line extends from the groove to the end of the narrow side. The laminations are stacked so as to completely cover each other, and have their contacting surfaces glued together over the entire surface area thereof.

Abstract: A controlled force variable reluctance actuator. A variable reluctance actuator having a moving element operated by a solenoid is provided in which the current in the solenoid is controlled by a signal representative of the flux density in the magnetic circuit of the actuator. The signal is produced by a Hall effect device placed in the magnetic circuit. Preferably, the Hall effect device controls the current in the solenoid by controlling its duty cycle; however, continuous control of the current may also be employed. Alternative embodiments are provided for a constant force actuator, an actuator whose force-displacement characteristic is altered, and an actuator in which the force may be selectively controlled. An embodiment is also provided for selectively controlling the position of the moving element based upon measured electric and magnetic parameters of the actuator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a step motor particularly for an electronic timepiece, comprising a stator whose two free ends constitute two pole pieces delimiting therebetween an air-gap in which is accommodated the rotor. Each pole piece is provided with a recess of cylindrical shape so that the axis of each cylinder is parallel with the axis of rotation Ar of the rotor. The two axes of the said cylinders are shifted from one another by a value comprised between 80.mu. and 200.mu. in a direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the axis of rotation Ar of the rotor and the main direction of the flux generated by an exciting coil associated with the stator. The radii of the rotor and the stator are in the order of about 800.mu. and 1500.mu. respectively.

Abstract: The kinetic energy or speed of a carriage running under inertia is detected and the forward or reverse propelling force imparted to the carriage is varied in accordance with the detected kinetic energy or speed for accelerating, decelerating or stopping the carriage without undue shock.

Abstract: A rotary stepping device includes a rotatable shaft which is driven by means of a coiled spring clutch which is alternately tightened to grip and rotate the shaft and released to return it to a resting position. An actuator formed of a memory metal is used to pull the spring clutch to tighten it and rotate the shaft. The actuator is activated by heating it above its critical temperature and is returned to an elongated configuration by means of the force of the spring clutch.

Abstract: An electrical machine, which may be designed as a rotating machine or as a linear drive, includes a stationary part having an odd number multiphase winding (preferably five or seven phases), and a movable part separated from the stationary part by an effective gap. Each pole of the movable part includes two pole portions which diverge from each other in the direction away from the effective gap and between the end regions of which at the effective gap a magnetically non-conductive separating gap is provided which is greater than the effective gap. In such a machine, which is characterized by a permanent excitation in the movable part, there is provided between the proximate pole portions of each of adjacent poles a respective permanent magnet, the direction of flux of each permanent magnet being directed oppositely to the direction of flux of each adjacent permanent magnet.

Abstract: A magnetohydrodynamic power generator is provided in the cathode wall constituting one part of its generating channel with an oxidizing agent injection device. By supplying oxidizing agent to the surface of cathodes through this injection device, the reducing atmosphere in the vicinity of the cathodes is neutralized, thereby preventing short-circuiting between adjacent electrodes.