Abstract: A method for directionally cloning an insert DNA fragment into a target sequence using differential phosphorylation is disclosed, Monophosphorylated PCR fragments are directionally cloned into a monophosphorylated plasmid, Methods for directionally cloning non-PCR fragments into target DNA sequences are also discussed.

Abstract: Substantially pure mammalian basic fibroblast growth factors are produced. The amino acid residue sequences of bovine and human bFGF are disclosed as well as a DNA chain encoding the polypeptide of the bovine species. By appropriately inserting a synthesized DNA chain into a cloning vector and using the cloning vector to transform cells, synthetic bovin bFGF can be obtained from transformed cell lines, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the identification of therapeutic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis and serum lipid lowering agents. The invention relates to isolating cloning, and using nucleic acids from the promoter regions of transforming growth factor .beta. genes comprising novel regulatory elements designated "raloxifene responsive elements". The invention also encompasses eukaryotic cells containing such raloxifene responsive elements operably linked to reporter genes such that the raloxifene responsive elements modulate the transcription of the reporter genes. The invention provides methods for identifying anti-osteoporosis agents that induce transcription of genes operably linked to such raloxifene responsive elements without inducing deleterious or undesirable side effects associated with current anti-osteoporosis therapy regimens.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are the DNA sequences encoding human and bovine acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (FGF). Expression of these sequences results in practical amounts of proteins useful in effecting wound healing.