Abstract: New intra planar modes are introduced for predicting digital video data. As part of the new intra planar modes, various methods are offered for predicting a first sample within a prediction unit, where the first sample is needed for referencing to when processing the new intra planar modes. And once the first sample is successfully predicted, the new intra planar modes are able to predict a sample of video data within the prediction unit by processing a bi-linear interpolation of four previously reconstructed reference samples.

Abstract: An image decoding method according to the present document comprises the steps of: deriving a quantized transform coefficient for a current block on the basis of BDPCM; deriving a transform coefficient by performing dequantization on the quantized transform coefficient; and deriving a residual sample on the basis of the transform coefficient, wherein, when the BDPCM is applied to the current block, inverse non-separable transform is not applied to the transform coefficient.

Abstract: Quantization matrix can be used to adjust quantization of transform coefficients at different frequencies. In one embodiment, a single fixed parametric model, such as a polynomial is used to represent a quantization matrix. Modulation of bit cost and complexity is achieved by specifying only the n first polynomial coefficients, the remaining ones being implicitly set to zero or other default values. One form of the single fixed polynomial is a fully developed polynomial in (x,y), where x,y indicate the coordinates of a given coefficient in a quantization matrix, with terms ordered by increasing exponent. Since higher exponents are the last ones, reducing the number of polynomial coefficients reduces the degree of the polynomial, hence its complexity. The polynomial coefficients can be symmetrical in x and y, and thus reducing the number of polynomial coefficients that need to be signaled in the bitstream.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to video coding and more particularly to techniques for performing entropy coding. According to an aspect of an invention, a parity level flag specifying a parity of a transform coefficient level at a scanning position is decoded if a value of a second absolute level greater flag is equal to a first value.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for video encoding/decoding. In some examples, an apparatus for video decoding includes receiving circuitry and processing circuitry. For example, the processing circuitry decodes prediction information of a current block in a current picture from a coded video bitstream. The prediction information is indicative of a prediction mode that uses a first optical flow refinement coding tool. The first optical flow refinement coding tool uses a grid structure that is used additionally by at least a second optical flow refinement coding tool during operations of optical flow refinement. Then, the processing circuitry calculates, using the first optical flow refinement coding tool, refinements to predictions of samples of the current block based on the grid structure, and reconstructs the samples of the current block based on the refinements and the predictions of the samples.

Abstract: An image decoding method according to the present document comprises a step of deriving modified transform coefficients on the basis of an inverse reduced secondary transform (RST) regarding transform coefficients regarding a target block. The inverse RST is performed on the basis of transform sets determined on the basis of a mapping relation following an intra prediction mode applied to the target block, and a transform kernel matrix selected from two transform kernel matrices included in the transform sets, respectively, and and is performed on the basis of whether or not the inverse RST is applied, and a transform index indicating one of the transform kernel matrices included in the transform sets. A syntax element bin string regarding the transform index is decoded on the basis of a different context set according to the tree type regarding the division structure of the target block.

Abstract: The architecture shown can perform global search, local search and local sub pixel search in a parallel or in a pipelined mode. All operations are in a streaming mode without the requirement of external intermediate data storage.

Abstract: Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described for encoding or decoding coefficients for a transform unit. In particular, the sign bits for the non-zero coefficients are encoded using sign bit hiding. Two or more sets of coefficients are defined for the transform unit and a sign bit may be hidden for each set, subject to satisfaction of a threshold test. The sets may correspond to coefficient groups that are otherwise used in multi-level significance map encoding and decoding.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for deriving constructed affine merge candidates. The method includes encoding, by an encoder, a regular merge flag for a coding unit (CU) that is coded as merge mode and merge related modes; in response to determining that the regular merge flag is encoded as one, indicating that a regular merge mode or merge mode with motion vector differences (MMVD) is used by the CU, constructing, by the encoder, a motion vector merge list for the CU and using regular merge index to indicate which candidate is used; and in response to determining that the regular merge flag is encoded as zero, indicating the regular merge mode is not used by the CU, and further encoding, by the encoder, mode flags to indicate associated merge related modes are used in response to determining that a mode flag's constraints are met.

Abstract: An encoder includes memory and circuitry. The circuitry, using the memory, (i) selects a mode from among a plurality of modes each for deriving a motion vector, and derives a motion vector for a current block via the selected mode, and (ii) performs inter prediction encoding on the current block, using the derived motion vector, via one of a skip mode and a non-skip mode different from the skip mode. The plurality of modes include a plurality of first modes each for predicting the motion vector for the current block based on an encoded block neighboring the current block without encoding information indicating a motion vector into a stream. When a second mode included in the plurality of first modes is selected, the current block is encoded via the non-skip mode regardless of presence or absence of a residual coefficient.

Abstract: A loop filter utilized in an encoder includes a constrained directional enhancement filter and a decision circuit. The constrained directional enhancement filter is arranged to process multiple frames, wherein for a first frame in the multiple frames, the constrained directional enhancement filter determines a best filter strength of each block in the first frame in a first filter strength list, and determines a second filter strength list according to content of the first frame. The decision circuit is coupled to the constrained directional enhancement filter, and is arranged to record which index in the first filter strength list is the best filter strength corresponding to each block in the first frame, and provide the first filter strength list and the index corresponding to each block to an encoding circuit of the encoder as an output of the encoder.

Abstract: A video coding device may be configured to perform intra prediction coding according to one or more of the techniques described herein.

Abstract: A method of generating an encoded video bitstream, including obtaining an IRAP AU from a video bitstream; determining whether the IRAP AU is a first AU in a decoding order, whether each picture is an IDR picture, or whether each picture is a first picture of a layer following an EOS NAL unit; if so, setting a first flag for the IRAP AU equal to one; if not, determining whether a second flag for the IRAP AU is externally set to an external value; if so, setting the first flag for the IRAP AU equal to the external value; and if not, setting the first flag for the IRAP AU and the second flag for the IRAP AU equal to zero; encoding the video bitstream based on the first flag and the second flag; and transmitting the encoded video bitstream.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus according to the present invention includes at least one memory and at least one processor which function as: an acquisition unit configured to acquire an image captured by an image capturing apparatus, wherein a part of the image corresponding to a viewing direction is to be displayed on a screen; and a generation unit configured to generate a superimposed image by superimposing a graphic image on a specific part of the image corresponding to a specific viewing direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides for improved imaging of objects underwater. The method and apparatus are particularly useful in a degraded underwater visual environment. The method and apparatus are also useful in undersea operations in which enhanced visualization at close range is desirable. Exemplary operations include diver assist, ship hull inspections, underwater robotic operations (e.g. sample collection, mine neutralization), etc.

Abstract: Depth information can be used to assist with image processing functionality, such as image stabilization and blur reduction. In at least some embodiments, depth information obtained from stereo imaging or distance sensing, for example, can be used to determine a foreground object and background object(s) for an image or frame of video. The foreground object then can be located in later frames of video or subsequent images. Small offsets of the foreground object can be determined, and the offset accounted for by adjusting the subsequent frames or images. Such an approach provides image stabilization for at least a foreground object, while providing simplified processing and reduce power consumption. Similarly processes can be used to reduce blur for an identified foreground object in a series of images, where the blur of the identified object is analyzed.

Abstract: A video decoding method according to this document includes constructing a most probable mode (MPM) list by deriving MPM candidates for a current block based on a neighboring block adjacent to the current block, deriving an intra prediction mode for the current block based on the MPM list, generating predicted samples by performing prediction for the current block based on the intra prediction mode, and generating a reconstructed picture for the current block based on the predicted samples.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for high-precision transform and quantization for image and video coding are described. A example method of video processing includes determining, for a conversion between a video comprising a current block and a bitstream representation of the video, that the conversion comprises an application of a transform to the current block, and performing, based on the determining, the conversion, wherein a bit-shifting operation of a scaling process for transform coefficients associated with the transform is based on whether the current block is coded with a block-based differential pulse code modulation (BDPCM) mode.

Abstract: A game scoring camera system is disclosed for capturing images of game animals for the purpose of scoring the antlers using an accepted scoring method. One or more cameras are used in a multiscopic arrangement for capturing two-dimensional (2-D) images which are then converted to three-dimensional (3-D) data models, the resulting 3-D data models being used for determining measurements of various antler structures for calculating a score for the set of antlers captured in the images, the score being based on existing antler scoring systems. Some embodiments include one or more cameras, each being mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle or drone, for capturing images during an aerial survey of game animals located within a particular area. Other embodiments include at least two cameras mounted in a stationary configuration for capturing images of game animals located within a particular area.

Abstract: Systems and methods for coding and decoding of a coded bitstream is provided. A method comprises decoding a block of a picture from a coded bitstream. The decoding includes selecting a transform set based on at least one neighboring reconstructed sample from one or more previously decoded neighboring blocks or from a previously decoded picture and inverse transforming coefficients of the block using a transform from the transform set.