Abstract: A liquid phase process for oligomerization of C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 isoolefins or the etherification thereof with C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alcohols wherein the reactants are contacted in a reactor with a fixed bed acid cation exchange resin catalyst at an LHSV of 5 to 20, pressure of 0 to 400 psig and temperature of 120 to 300.degree. F. wherein the improvement is the operation of the reactor at a pressure to maintain the reaction mixture at its boiling point whereby at least a portion but less than all of the reaction mixture is vaporized. By operating at the boiling point and allowing a portion of the reaction mixture to vaporize, the exothermic heat of reaction is dissipated by the formation of more boil up and the temperature in the reactor is controlled.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of water soluble higher fatty monoglyceride monosulfate detergents is described which includes reacting a sulfating agent, such as chlorosulfuric acid, with glycerol dissolved in an organic solvent, such as chloroform, to trisulfate the glycerol, reacting the glycerol trisulfuric acid made with a higher fatty acid or a higher fatty acid methyl ester in such a solvent, extracting the reaction mixture with a solvent for the monoglyceride disulfuric acid, such as aqueous lower alkanol, and neutralizing the extracted monoglyceride disulfuric acid with an aqueous neutralizing agent to make the water soluble detergent salt. Among preferable detergent salts made are sodium hydrogenated coco fatty monoglyceride sulfate, sodium hydrogenated palm kernel fatty monoglyceride sulfate, sodium hydrogenated palm fatty monoglyceride sulfate, sodium hydrogenated tallow fatty monoglyceride sulfate, and mixtures of two or more thereof.