Abstract: Each panel of a heat-insulating structure contains a stack of wire fabric elements and is maintained applied against the surface to be protected by means of a double fixing system comprising a tubular member which carries a clamping nut and a bearing plate, said member being rigidly fixed to the surface, and a threaded stud mounted coaxially within the tubular member. The stud carries a nut and a washer for preventing the panel from falling in the event of failure of the tubular member.

Abstract: In the use of a shaped explosive charge device underwater, the stand-off and cavity chamber are filled with compressed gas which is fed into the chamber to expel water through one or more apertures communicating with the surrounding water. Conveniently the apertures remain open and the compressed gas is entrapped and maintained within the device by the ambient hydrostatic pressure.

Abstract: A self-scuttling buoyant pyrotechnic marine marker. A scuttling pellet of incendiary composition is provided adjacent the pyrotechnic candle, to be ignited as the candle becomes spent and to burn a hole in the side of the jacket, or to clear impurities or residue which may have built up during burning of the candle to block the smoke or flame emission hole of the marker. Scuttling is then virtually assured by simple wave action. In this way, the hazard of spent markers being washed ashore to pose a danger to humans or to pollute the environment is reduced.