Abstract: The tank/canister volume's integrity against unacceptable leakage is either confirmed or denied by a diagnostic test performed by an on-board diagnostic system which includes an electrically operated air pump and tank-mounted analog pressure transducer. At the beginning of a test, the engine management computer closes the canister purge solenoid valve and operates the pump to begin pressurization of the tank/canister volume. The pumped air is introduced via the canister's atmospheric vent port so that the pressurizing air is entrained with fuel vapors previously collected in, but not yet purged from, the canister. Failure to build to a predetermined pressure within a predetermined time indicates a gross leak. Upon attainment of the predetermined pressure, the pump is shut off. If the pressure drops by more than a certain amount during the test, integrity is denied. If not, integrity is confirmed.

Abstract: A malfunction detecting apparatus for an evaporated fuel purge system includes a first control valve for controlling a flow of fuel vapor in a purge passage between a canister and an intake passage, a second control valve for controlling a flow of air from the atmosphere to the canister via an air inlet opening of the canister, a first control part for turning OFF the second control valve and for turning ON the first control valve during a first time period, so as to subject the purge passage, the canister, and a vapor passage to a negative pressure of the intake passage during the first time period, and a first discriminator for detecting whether or not a malfunction has occurred in the system, in accordance with a pressure change rate derived from pressures of the system sensed at a start of the first time period and at an end thereof.

Abstract: A hydraulic valve play equalization element for the valve drive of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The equalization element comprises an inner tappet and an outer tappet arranged to move relative to one another in the axial direction. The outside tappet is formed by an essentially cup-shaped housing with a level bottom and the inside tappet and the outside tappet delimit an oil-filled storage space which is sealed towards the outside and which can change in volume. A displacement element to equalize volume changes is enclosed in the storage space. The outside tappet is formed by an essentially tube-shaped mantle of thermoplastic material, which has slide surfaces radially inside and outside. The mantle is closed off with a fluid seal, by a disk structured as an expeller, in the direction of a cam shaft that is used. The inside slide surface encloses the inside tappet, resting against its circumference, and forming a fluid seal.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine according to this invention is provided with intake ports and an injector. The intake ports are designed to form stratified tumble flows of different fuel concentrations in a combustion chamber. A spark plug is arranged in the combustion chamber to ignite one of the tumble flows, which one tumble flow is rich in fuel. Each intake port is provided with a longitudinal partition which divides an interior of the intake port into two passages. These longitudinal partitions are formed in such a way that, of the air-fuel tumble flows formed around the spark plug, the tumble flow closest to the spark plug is formed of a richer air-fuel mixture. Each longitudinal partition is arranged only on a side upstream of a valve stem of an intake valve in the corresponding intake port, so that a sufficient amount of intake air can be obtained while extremely minimizing a reduction in the actual cross-sectional flow area.

Abstract: A camshaft driving device for a V-type engine or a horizontal opposed engine, staggers the times of the collisions of one crankshaft sprocket and one chain or other and the collisions of another crankshaft sprocket and another chain to reduce overall engine noise. Two crankshaft sprockets, mounted on the crankshaft, are angularly related to each other so that when the meshing starting point on the tension side of one crankshaft sprocket one chain is radially aligned with a top land of the one sprocket, the meshing starting point on the tension side of the other crankshaft sprocket and the other chain is aligned with a bottom land of the last-mentioned sprocket.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel injection system has a fuel metering body having a tubular injector chamber with an expansion chamber at one closed end thereof; the expansion chamber having openings for the passage of fuel from the chamber to the exterior of the fuel metering body. Additionally, a spool type silencer is positioned between the expansion chamber and a fuel injector located at the end of the silencer opposite that of the expansion chamber. The silencer has a hollow cylindrical core with an inlet to receive fuel from the injector and a multiplicity of outlets for the passage of the fuel to an outer annular region. The outer annular region has an upper wall for support of the injector within the tubular injector chamber and a lower wall having openings for passage of the fuel from the annular region to the expansion chamber.

Abstract: A control mechanism for shifting the rotational phase transmitted from an engine, and for controlling the timing of the intake and exhaust valves. A first gear mechanism integrally rotates with respect to a timing pulley, and has a set of inner peripheral gear teeth. A second gear mechanism integrally rotates with respect to a camshaft, and has a set of outer peripheral gear teeth. The number of gear teeth of the first gear mechanism is greater than that of the second gear mechanism. This gear ratio generates a rotational phase shift of the timing pulley with respect to the camshaft, in order to vary the opening and closing timing of the intake and exhaust valves. A drive means drives the first gear mechanism in order to vary the phase shift and to control the opening and closing timing of the intake and exhaust valves in accordance with the operating state of the engine.

Abstract: A spring retainer (10) for a poppet valve (18) which is biased by a valve spring (16) and a method of assembling the spring retainer (10) the poppet valve (18) and a valve spring (16). The spring retainer (10) has first and second body portions (30, 32). Each body portion (30, 32) has a spring flange segment (50), for engaging a valve spring (16), and a finger segment (54), for extending into a groove (26) on a valve stem (20) of the poppet valve (18). The spring retainer (10) has a slot (44) which permits relative movement between the first and second body portions (30, 32) such that the spring retainer (10) may be installed on the poppet valve (18). The spring retainer (10) has frangible web segments (36) for retaining the first and second body portions (30, 32) together prior to installment of the spring retainer (10) on the poppet valve (18). The web segments (36) break during installation of the spring retainer (10) to permit outward movement of the first and second body portions (30, 32).

Abstract: In a state in which the engine is unloaded and the number of engine rotation is low, an overlap period of time during which the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both open is extended during the cold time, as compared with during the warm time. The extension of the overlap period of time causes gases remaining in the cylinders to increase, thereby making the burning of the fuel slow and elevating the temperature of the exhaust gases to thereby elevate the temperature of the cylinder head of the engine. A variation in the number of engine rotation, particularly a decrease in the number of engine rotation, resulting from the increase in the residual gases can be prevented by increasing the amount of intake air. Further, the temperature of the cylinder head can be elevated due to an increase in the amount of the supplied fuel resulting from the increase in the amount of the intake air.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines having in-line cylinder bushes, in each of which a pump piston defining a pump work chamber is guided, the piston being rotatable by a governor rod for the sake of fuel supply quantity regulation. Mounted on the pump housing is an adjusting device, in which an adjusting piston is guided axially parallel with the governor rod; the adjusting piston has a radial pin, which protrudes through a slit in the wall of the adjusting device and pump housing into an oblong slot of the governor rod, thus limiting the adjusting motion of the rod in certain operating ranges. The position of the adjusting piston determines the maximum governing travel of the governor rod in the full-load direction upon engine starting. The adjusting piston is variable via an adjustable stop acting upon one face end thereof and is also variable as a function of temperature via a temperature-dependent spring element disposed on its circumference.

Abstract: An engine comprising a first intake valve and a second intake valve that are arranged on each side of a plane including the axis of the cylinder of the engine. A first intake passage and a second intake passage are connected to the combustion chamber via the first intake valve and the second intake valve, respectively and extend along the plane in the same direction. A first fuel injector is arranged in the combustion chamber to inject fuel toward a region of the combustion chamber, which is located on the first intake valve side of the plane. A second fuel injector is arranged in the second intake passage to inject fuel into the second intake passage.

Abstract: Several embodiments of internal combustion engines having at least five valves, three intake and two exhaust, all operated by a single camshaft. The intake valves are disposed so as to provide a smooth combustion chamber configuration by minimizing the difference in angle between the valves and the valves and rocker arms are arranged so that different degree of lift may be provided. All of the intake valves have the same stem length. One rocker arm operates one valve and another rocker arm operates two valves with the two valves being operated being differently configured so as to provide the desired different lift. In addition, a staged intake system is included that has a single intake passage that extends perpendicular to a plane containing the cylinder bore axis and serving one intake valve and a siamese intake passage serving the other intake valves. The siamese intake passage has a section that extends also perpendicularly to the plane.

Abstract: A device for processing mail and charging required postage includes a standardized mail depositing device having a transport catch. A charging unit is connected to the mail depositing device for charging postage after mail has been inserted in the mail depositing device and for unlocking the transport catch. Secured storage containers receive mail from the mail depositing device. A method for processing mail and charging required postage includes inserting mail into a standardized mail depositing device having a transport catch. Postage is charged after the mail has been inserted in the mail depositing device and then the transport catch is unlocked, with a charging unit connected to the mail depositing device. The mail is fed into secured storage containers from the mail depositing device.

Abstract: An adapter for mounting a conventional spin-on oil filter to the accessory of a Continental six cylinder aircraft engine. The adapter includes a tee casting and a hub which is threaded to screw into an oil screen hole of the accessory case. The tee casting has sleeve with a through bore and a base with an end for receiving a spin-on oil filter. When installed, the hub is journaled into the bore of the sleeve and screwed into the oil screen hole, which has two oil passage openings. A crown at the outer end of hub engages the sleeve of the tee casting and secures the tee casting against the accessory case. Oil input and oil output passages are formed in the hub and base. The oil input and output passages communicate with the oil passage openings and spin-on filter to circulate oil from the engine, through the spin-on filter and back to the engine.

Abstract: A tappet for use in an internal combustion engine comprises Al-alloy base material and a sprayed layer on the outer surface which is slidable with a cylinder head. The sprayed layer is made of Fe-alloy which comprises not more than 0.1% by weight of C, 0.6-2.0% by weight of Mn and the balance of Fe, thereby providing high hardness, high toughness and low cost. The sprayed layer may further contain 0.1-1.0% by weight of Si.

Abstract: To permit axial shifting of a camshaft dependent on its angle of rotation, a shifting device is used which includes a shifting profile made up of two guide grooves which are configured as oppositely oriented helixes and end in ring-shaped idling grooves, and further includes an engaging element which may be introduced into the guide grooves by an activating element.

Abstract: A fluid actuator (10) including a chamber (14) in which a piston assembly (17) reciprocates. The piston assembly (17) includes a pair of spaced pistons (18, 19) which divide the chamber (14) into three sections (20, 21, 22) and a passageway (29) which supports a valve member (30). Reciprocating movement of the slide valve member (30) causes fluid to be directed to the chamber sections (20) and (22) and thereby corresponding reciprocating movement of the piston assembly (17). The actuator (10) may be applied to the control of any device such as valves of internal combustion engines, fuel injectors or comprise actuating means for the piston of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A signal input selecting circuit comprises a plurality of signal input terminals, a first switch device for selecting one of signal electrodes of the signal input terminals to be connected with a signal processing block, a second switch device for selecting one of reference electrodes of the signal input terminals to be connected with a reference potential point, a third switch device for connecting the second switch device with a current supplying portion, and a voltage detector for detecting a voltage corresponding to an impedance of the second switch device.

Abstract: The valve control means for an internal combustion engine comprises valve means (10), cam means comprising a camshaft (30) having a first cam member (23) and a second cam member (26) having a different profile from the first cam member (23) and means (18) for transmitting reciprocating movement to the valve means (10) from the cam means (23 or 26). The means (18) for transmitting reciprocating movement comprises a first cam follower member (20) in engagement with the valve means (10) and a second cam follower member (21) movable relative to the first cam follower member (20), and locking means (27) to enable the follower members (20 and 21) to be linked to move together.

Abstract: A unit cam section for each bank of cylinders in a "V"-type engine has a predetermined cam orientation between the fuel cam and the air cam and between the fuel cam and the exhaust cam wherein a first unit cam section has a fuel cam to air cam angle of between 56.degree. and 63.degree. and a fuel cam to exhaust cam angle of between 143.degree. and 153.degree. and a second unit cam section has a fuel cam to air cam angle of between 0.degree. and 7.degree. and a fuel cam to exhaust cam angle of between 88.degree. and 98.degree.. Each cam has a base circle diameter of at least 3.75 inches. An improved "V"-type diesel engine is disclosed which has multiple banks of cylinders such that one bank employs the first type of unit cam section and the other bank employs the second type of unit cam section wherein each cylinder has a corresponding inverted fuel rocker mechanism for engaging the fuel cam. Each fuel cam is adapted to provide a fuel cam lift to fuel pump plunger lift ratio of at least 0.8:1.0.