Abstract: Systems and methods for uniquely identifying fluid-phase products by endowing them with fingerprints composed of dispersed colloidal particles, and by reading out those fingerprints on demand using Total Holographic Characterization. A library of chemically inert colloidal particles is developed that can be dispersed into soft materials, the stoichiometry of the mixture encoding user-specified information, including information about the host material. Encoded information then can be recovered by high-speed analysis of holographic microscopy images of the dispersed particles. Specifically, holograms of individual colloidal spheres are analyzed with predictions of the theory of light scattering to measure each sphere's radius and refractive index, thereby building up the distribution of particle properties one particle at a time. A complete analysis of a colloidal fingerprint requires several thousand single-particle holograms and can be completed in ten minutes.

Abstract: A light deflection device includes a substrate including a planar portion and a recess; a spacer member disposed at a bottom of the recess; a supporting section disposed on the spacer member; a movable part rotatably supported by the supporting section and having a reflecting surface configured to reflect light at a height equal to or higher than a height of the planar portion; and a light transmissive member disposed on the planar portion and covering the movable part.

Abstract: A method includes: determining height Z1 of a focus by an optical microscope having autofocus function which uses irradiation light of wavelength ?0 to adjust the focus; determining a wavelength ?1 of irradiation light used for obtaining observation image of second thin film; obtaining observation image of second thin film by using irradiation light of the wavelength ?1, while altering heights of the focus with the Z1 as reference point; calculating standard deviation of reflected-light intensity distribution within the observation image, obtaining height Z2 of the focus corresponding to a peak position where standard deviation is greatest, and calculating a difference ?Z between Z1 and Z2; correcting the autofocus function with ?Z as a correction value; and using the corrected autofocus function to adjust the focus, obtaining the observation image of the second thin film, and calculating the film thickness distribution from the reflected-light intensity distribution within the observation image.

Abstract: A gas detection and cleaning system for a vehicle is disclosed and includes an external modular base, a gas detection module and a cleaning device. The gas detection module is connected to a first external connection port of the external modular base to detect a gas in the vehicle and output the information datum. The information datum is transmitted through the first external connection port to a driving and controlling module of the external modular base, processed and converted into an actuation information datum for being externally outputted through a second external connection port of the external modular base. The cleaning device is connected with the second external connection port through an external port to receive the actuation information datum outputted from the second external connection port to actuate or close the cleaning device.

Abstract: Examples are disclosed that relate to display devices having a common light path region. One example provides a display device comprising a light source configured to emit illumination light along an illumination path, and a spatial light modulator configured to modulate the illumination light and emit the modulated illumination light as image light along an imaging path, wherein at least a portion of the illumination path and at least a portion of the imaging path extend through a common light path region. The display device further comprises one or more optical elements positioned within the common light path region, at least one optical element being configured to guide the illumination light as the illumination light travels through the common light path region toward the spatial light modulator, and shape the image light as the image light travels through the common light path region.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a contact angle measuring device, including a light source, a container, a photodetector, a bubble generating unit, and a processing unit. The container includes a first and a second side walls that are opposite. The first side wall is made of a light-transmitting material, the container is filled with a liquid with light transmission inside. The monochromatic light emitted by the light source passes through the first side wall and enters an interface between the first side wall and the liquid. The bubble generating unit is configured for generating a bubble that is in contact with an inner surface of the first side wall. The photodetector is configured for detecting light intensity distribution of the monochromatic light through the liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a laser device including: a laser light source configured to emit laser light; a phase control unit configured to receive the laser light emitted from the laser light source, to control a spatial phase of a portion of the laser light, to emit the portion of the light as control light, and to emit another portion of the laser light as non-control light; a first optical system configured to irradiate an object with the control light emitted from the phase control unit; a detector configured to detect the non-control light emitted from the phase control unit; a second optical system configured to cause the non-control light emitted from the phase control unit to converge toward a detection surface of the detector.

Abstract: A display device capable of performing proper display without image signal conversion is provided. In the case of high-resolution display, individual data is supplied to each pixel through a first signal line and a first transistor included in each pixel. In the case of low-resolution display, the same data is supplied to a plurality of pixels through a second signal line and a second transistor electrically connected to the plurality of pixels. When the number of image signals to be displayed is more than one and the image signals support different resolutions, display can be performed without up conversion or down conversion by switching an image signal supply path as described above.

Abstract: A display system includes an extended illumination source, a first liquid crystal assembly disposed on the extended illumination source, and a second liquid crystal assembly disposed on the first liquid crystal display assembly. The first liquid crystal assembly includes a bottom reflective polarizer, a top reflective polarizer, and a bottom liquid crystal panel disposed between the top and bottom reflective polarizers. The second liquid crystal assembly includes a top absorbing polarizer, and a top liquid crystal panel disposed between the top absorbing polarizer and the first liquid crystal assembly.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for measuring positional relation between a chuck table for holding a workpiece thereon and a processing tool for processing the workpiece held on the chuck table. The measuring apparatus includes a broadband light source, a mirror for reflecting light emitted from the broadband light source to travel toward the processing tool, a chromatic aberration condensing lens disposed between the broadband light source and the mirror or between the mirror and the processing tool, a light branching unit branching reflected light from the processing tool that has been reflected by the mirror and traveled back through the chromatic aberration condensing lens, and a position detecting unit detecting the position of the processing tool on the basis of intensity of the reflected light that corresponds to a wavelength of the reflected light branched by the light branching unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display panel and a method of manufacturing a display panel. The display panel includes an array substrate; a color film substrate disposed opposite to the array substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the color film substrate; a reflective layer disposed on a side of the array substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. The reflective layer comprises a plurality of first convex structures, each of the first convex structures has a first sidewall extending from a bottom to a top of each of the first convex structures, and an angle between a normal line of the first sidewall and a horizontal plane is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 10°.

Abstract: A display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a display apparatus are provided. The display substrate includes: a base substrate; a sealant on the base substrate; and a contact layer between the base substrate and the sealant, the contact layer being in contact with the sealant. In the display substrate, a contact layer surface of the contact layer, which is away from the base substrate, is not flat at a contact position where the contact layer is in contact with the sealant.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, A display device includes a first substrate includes an inorganic insulating film, a first wiring formed above the inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film located above the inorganic insulating film and the first wiring, and a driver electrically connected to the first wiring, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, and a sealant fixing the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the sealant comprises a first seal portion formed along a first edge of the first substrate and a second seal portion which crosses the first seal portion, and the first seal portion has a first width, and the second seal portion has a second width, the first width being greater than the second width.

Abstract: A beam deflection apparatus includes a first beam deflector that deflects light in a first direction and a second beam deflector that deflects light in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the first beam deflector and the second beam deflector each include a first region for deflecting light of a first wavelength and a second region for deflecting light of a second wavelength, and a ratio of a spatial period of a signal applied to first drive electrodes arranged in the first region of the first beam deflector to the first wavelength is the same as a ratio of a spatial period of a signal applied to second drive electrodes arranged in the second region of the first beam deflector to the second wavelength.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal panel capable of achieving a small light-shielding angle in a narrow viewing angle mode and a display device including the liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel sequentially includes: a first polarizing plate with a first absorption axis; a first substrate including a first electrode; a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules; and a second substrate including a second electrode, wherein in a plan view, a director of the liquid crystal molecules with no voltage applied and the first absorption axis form an angle ? of not smaller than 5° and not greater than 20° or not smaller than 65° and not greater than 80°.

Abstract: Techniques are described for operating an optical system. In some embodiments, light associated with a world object is received at the optical system. Virtual image light is projected onto an eyepiece of the optical system. A portion of a system field of view of the optical system to be at least partially dimmed is determined based on information detected by the optical system. A plurality of spatially-resolved dimming values for the portion of the system field of view may be determined based on the detected information. The detected information may include light information, gaze information, and/or image information. A dimmer of the optical system may be adjusted to reduce an intensity of light associated with the world object in the portion of the system field of view according to the plurality of dimming values.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure discloses an eye protection structure for protecting a worker, the eye protection structure including a window convex outward to cover both eyes of the worker, wherein the window includes a transmissive portion, the transmissive portion includes an inner surface facing the worker's face and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface, a first radius of curvature of the outer surface of the transmissive portion and a second radius of curvature of the inner surface of the transmissive portion are different from each other, and a thickness of a central portion of the transmissive portion is greater than a thickness of an edge portion of the transmissive portion.

Abstract: A perception system for a motor vehicle includes a camera with a lens having a field of view and configured to focus incident light from the field of view. The field of view includes a road having a road surface. The perception system also includes an imaging sensor arranged in the camera. The imaging sensor has a photosensitive surface defined by an imaging surface area configured to capture the incident light focused from the field of view. A first portion of the imaging surface area is configured to capture an image of the road. The perception system further includes a first polarizer array arranged across the first portion of the imaging surface area and configured to reduce glare from the road surface.

Abstract: A see-through window display includes a display panel having a plurality of pixels and a drive circuit that applies a voltage according to input gray scale data to the plurality of pixels, in which the display panel includes a first substrate having a pixel electrode, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first polarizer provided on the first substrate having a first polarization axis, and a second polarizer provided on the second substrate having a second polarization axis, and when a transmittance of each of the pixels when the drive circuit applies a minimum voltage to the pixel is set to TW and a transmittance of each of the pixels when the drive circuit applies a maximum voltage to the pixel is set to TB, the display panel has a normally white characteristic satisfying TW>TB.

Abstract: A virtual reality display system of reduced size and depth but with a point of focus electronically changeable to suit different human eyes includes a display device and a focusing structure. The display device emits light for images, the focusing structure on the light path includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a first liquid crystal layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, these two electrode layers receiving different voltages. The first liquid crystal layer is configured to converge the image light as necessary for the viewer and enlarge images as desired by the viewer. The image light after being focused displays a virtual reality image.