Abstract: A composition for dressing leather and leather substitutes comprising an aqueous emulsion of (A) an organic solvent solution of nitrocellulose or cellulose acetate butyrate and (B) an organic solvent solution of a linear polyurethane resin, in a ratio of A : B of 1 : 0.1 to 1 : 10.

Abstract: Polymeric condensation products obtained by condensing specified amines and aldehydes have high activity to fix, i.e, insolubilize, proteins, including enzymes.

Abstract: This application covers the use of a cationic starch and a polyacrylamide polymer as a retention aid in the manufacture of paper. The resulting paper containing the additives is characterized by improved retention of pigments.

Abstract: A crosslinkable polyion complex is prepared by reacting a polycation polymer having an ethylenic double bond at a terminal position in the repeating unit of the polymer with a polyanion polymer. A polyion complex film is prepared by dissolving the crosslinkable polyion complex in a solvent mixture of water-organic solvent-acid, base or salt and then forming a film by casting or coating the solution on a substrate.

Abstract: A dispersion of particles having an average diameter within the range of 0.05 to 3 .mu.m formed of a homo- or copolymer of styrene having terminal ##STR1## groups and a glass transition temperature above 20.degree. C, and the use of such latex for fixing proteins.

Abstract: This invention is directed to aqueous compositions and the process for preparing same and more specifically to aqueous coating compositions comprising polymeric resin binders and pigments dispersed in an aqueous system with starch ester dispersants. The dispersant consists of mixed esters of starch derived from (a) low molecular weight hydrolyzed starch having a plurality of anhydroglucose units or a derivative of said starch and (b) at least about 0.5 mole of acylating agent for each anhydroglucose unit of the hydrolyzed starch or its derivative. The acylating agent is a combination of anhydrides or acyl compounds consisting of (i) from about 0.1 to 2.9 moles of at least one anhydride of a polycarboxylic acid and (ii) from 0.1 to 2.9 moles of at least one compound selected from the class consisting of anhydrides of monocarboxylic acids and the acyl halides of monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: This invention is directed to aqueous compositions and to the process for preparing same which comprises a dispersion of polymeric resin binders and pigments in an aqueous system with a dispersant. The dispersant consists of half-esters of starch derived from (a) low molecular weight hydrolyzed starch having a plurality of anhydroglucose units or a derivative of said starch and (b) at least about 0.25 mole of at least one cyclic anhydride of a polycarboxylic acid for each anhydroglucose unit of the hydrolyzed starch and/or its derivatives.These half-ester starch dispersants are characterized as having pendant carboxyl groups and average molecular weights ranging up to about 100,000 with a high degree of substitution, i.e. wherein on an average of about 0.25 to 3.0 of the hydroxyl groups of each anhydroglucose unit are esterified. The unreacted carboxyl groups pendant from the backbone of the starch esters may be further reacted, i.e.

Abstract: The invention relates to starch acrylamides containing polymerizable pendant acrylamide groups. The hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties of the starch can be altered or modified by the acrylamide groups or the type of starch chain. The starch acrylamides can be homopolymerized or copolymerized with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers as well as other cross-linking reagents to provide water-resistant, clear, flexible coatings or shaped articles. The hydrophilic starch acrylamide hydrolyzates herein readily disperse into water at a high solids level to provide low-viscosity pastes which may be used as a vehicle to prepare flexible, water-insoluble starch-based coatings. The starch acrylamides may be prepared by etherifying a starch with N-methylol acrylamides in the presence of an acid catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor.

Abstract: A flame-retardant filament-forming copolyester of at least 75 mol % of ethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate units and at least 3 mol % up to 25 mol % of randomly copolymerized esters units having bromine or chlorine chemically united with either the diacid residue or both the diacid residue and the diol residue of said ester units. In addition, fibers of the above flame-retardant copolyester resin and flame-retardant cellulosic fibers are blended together to provide flame-retardant yarns and fabrics of excellent physical properties.

Abstract: Scale formation in a continuous ester-interchange reaction for the production of polyesters, is prevented by subjecting a dialkyl ester of a difunctional carboxylic acid at least 80 mole% of which consists of terephthalic acid and at least one glycol to a continuous ester-interchange reaction catalyst in the presence of a catalytic amount of an ester-interchange reaction catalyst composed of a manganese compound and a lithium compound, the amount of said ester-interchange reaction catalyst being the one which meets the following expressions (i) and (ii)(i) 0.015<X + Y<0.2(ii) 0.2.ltoreq. Y/(X+ Y) .ltoreq. 0.7wherein X is the amount in moles of said manganese compound based on said dialkyl ester, and Y is the amount in moles of said lithium compound based on said dialkyl ester.

Abstract: The new compound 1,3-dithiolo(4,5-b)pyrazin-2-ylidene-propanedinitrile 4-oxide is prepared by reacting substantially equimolar proportions of di-(sodiomercapto)methyleneamalononitrile with 2,3-dichloropyrazine 1-oxide. The compound has fungicidal, algicidal and marine antifoulant utility.

Abstract: A process for the continuous manufacture of linear, high molecular weight, polybutylene terephthalates, in which dimethyl terephthalate is trans-esterified with 1,4-butanediol, if desired in the presence of up to 40 mole% of other starting materials which form linear polyesters, in the molar ratio of from 1:1.2 to 1:1.5, in a plurality of successive stages at temperatures rising from 160.degree. to 230.degree. C, the mixture thus obtained is passed, at from 230.degree. to 270.degree. C and from 2 mm Hg to 20 mm Hg, upward through a bundle of stationary heated tubes, and immediately thereafter through a hold tank, with the proviso that the volume of the hold tank is at least 1/4 and at most 2.5 times the volume of the tube bundle and the mean residence time in the tube bundle and hold tank together is from 10 to 60 minutes, and the precondensate thus obtained is polycondensed at from 240.degree. to 260.degree. C and from 0.1 to 2 mm Hg. with continuous formation of thin films.

Abstract: A latex composition is provided comprising a polymeric latex and an extender consisting essentially of a mixture of granular starch and borax. This extender can be used at relatively high levels in the polymeric latex without substantially deleteriously affecting the properties of the latex when used for coating textiles.

Abstract: An improved epoxy resin composition is disclosed which incorporates a select group of chlorine-containing polyols. The improved composition is used as an adhesive and in various other applications.

Abstract: Water-absorbent crosslinked polymers are improved in their wicking capacity by treatment of their surface with glyoxal. The polymer can be a polysaccharide--acrylamide graft copolymer or a polymer or copolymer of acrylamide and/or sodium acrylate or sodium methacrylate.

Abstract: Heat-hardenable moulding compositions of:A. from 3 to 30 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polymer,B. from 20 to 70 parts by weight of a copolymerizable vinyl compound, andC. from 20 to 70 parts by weight of a polyesterurethane containing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid radicals.

Abstract: Dried agarose or gelose-containing films which are rehydratable into aqueous gel films are disclosed. The dried films are prepared by first forming, on a support, an aqueous gel film containing at most 5% by weight of agarose or gelose and a water-soluble linear polymer or copolymer of acrylamide or methacrylamide. The viscosity of such polymer and copolymer in a 5% aqueous solution at 22.degree. C is about 17000 centipoises or less and preferably about 6000 centipoises or less. The aqueous gel film is then dried according to known techniques, with the linear polymer or copolymer of acrylamide or methacrylamide being included in the dried film.

Abstract: A method for producing products for separation, ion exchange or as basic material for the preparation of various derivatives designed for separation purposes and adsorption purposes by means of a polymer being activated with a reagent containing at least two bifunctional groups so that at least one of the reactive, functional groups in each molecule is bonded to the polymer while leaving a considerable amount of remaining groups unreacted but still reactive so that the activated polymer can be caused to react with thiosulphate after surplus reagent has been eliminated. The invention also relates to the produced products or their derivatives consisting of a water-soluble hydroxyl group or amino group containing polymer substituted with organic side-chains, each containing one or more thiosulphate groups or derivatives of such groups and the use of the products for purification of water, separation, immobilization of enzymes, etc.

Abstract: A carbohydrate-phenolic resin and a process for production of same wherein an aldose saccharide, preferably a hexose, is reacted with a phenolic compound and urea in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a solid fusible resin which is curable with cross linking agents, such as hexamethylenetetramine. Instead of urea, use can also be made of diamines, such as toluene diamines and alkylene diamines.

Abstract: A process for the production of carbohydrate-phenolic resins wherein a phenolic compound is reacted with a hexose saccharide in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to form a solid fusible resin which is curable with cross linking agents, such as hexamethylenetetramine.