Abstract: An organic layer (1) is applied to a transparent carrier (2) in such a way that different partial regions with different refractive indices are formed in the layer. Owing to deflection at the phase boundaries within the layer, fewer photons remain trapped in the layer as a result of wave-guiding losses than in the case of homogeneous layers.

Abstract: A joined body is provided, including a first member having a first joining face and sapphire exposed at the first joining face and a second member having a second joining face and sapphire or polycrystalline alumina exposed at the second joining face. The first member and second member are joined by providing a raw material for the joining material between the first and second members and heat treating the raw material at a temperature of 1730° C. or lower.

Abstract: A transmissive-type organic electroluminescent display device includes a substrate including sub-pixel regions thereon, an array element in each sub-pixel area that includes thin film transistors, a partition wall at a border portion between adjacent sub-pixel regions made of a transparent insulating material, a first electrode made of a transparent conductive material in each sub-pixel region between adjacent partition walls, an organic electroluminescent layer on the first electrode in each sub-pixel region between the adjacent partition walls, a second electrode made of a transparent conductive material on the organic electroluminescent layer and a passivation layer covering the second electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light-transmitting electrode in which metal lines made of a metal with the same or superior electric conductivity to a material for the electrode are arranged linearly on the upper surface, lower surface or both surface of the electrode in the direction away from the connection part between the electrode and an electrode pad. Also, the present invention provides an electrode with a structure in which different electrically conductive compounds are alternately layered. The electrode of the present invention is excellent in transparency and electric conductivity. Also, the present invention provides organic light-emitting devices comprising the electrode.

Abstract: The semiconductor light emitting device is composed of a combination of a near ultraviolet LED and a phosphor layer including a plurality of phosphors for absorbing near ultraviolet emitted by the near ultraviolet LED and for emitting fluorescence having an emission peak in a visible wavelength region, and the phosphor layer includes four kinds of phosphors, that is, a blue-based phosphor, a green-based phosphor, a red-based phosphor and a yellow-based phosphor. Thus, lowering of luminous flux derived from red-based light with low luminosity is compensated by yellow-based light with comparatively high luminosity, and the resultant white-based light can be well color balanced, and hence, a semiconductor light emitting device emitting white-based light with high luminous flux and a large Ra can be obtained.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of pixels and realizes a color display using emitted light of at least two wavelengths. Each pixel has a microresonator structure formed between a lower reflective film formed on a side near a substrate and an upper reflective film formed above the lower reflective film with an organic light emitting element layer therebetween. A conductive resonator spacer layer is provided between the lower reflective film and the organic light emitting element layer. Light obtained in the organic light emitting element layer is intensified by the microresonator structure in which the optical length is adjusted by the conductive resonator spacer layer and is emitted to the outside.

Abstract: There is provided a display panel capable of reducing the reflection of light, which is incident from the exterior, from a display, to enhance visibility out of doors. The display panel, which includes on a substrate a plurality of light-emitting layers, which form pixels, is characterized in that the display panel includes low-reflection layers formed between the substrate and the light-emitting layer and between the light-emitting layers, the low-reflection layer includes a first low-reflection layer made of titanium and a second low-reflection layer made of an indium tin oxide. In addition, the low-reflection layer may be provided to a sealant in a region between the light-emitting layers.

Abstract: An electron emission thin-film with improved secondary electron emission characteristics compared with conventional ones, a plasma display panel including the electron emission thin-film, and their manufacturing methods. Using a vacuum deposition system, a protective layer that is an MgO thin-film is formed on a dielectric layer formed on a front glass substrate. At the time of deposition, angles that lines linking the central point of a target material for the protective layer respectively with the central point and both ends points of the front glass substrate form with the front glass substrate are exclusively in a range of 30 to 80 °. This enables at least some of MgO columnar crystals constituting the protective layer to have flat planes that are inclined with respect to the surface of the thinfilm.

Abstract: A nitride light-emitting device having an adhesive reflecting layer includes a transparent adhesive layer, a nitride light-emitting stack layer and a metal reflecting layer. The transparent adhesive layer adheres the nitride light-emitting stack layer and the metal reflecting layer. Therefore, the metal reflecting layer can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting stack layer to increase the brightness of the nitride light-emitting device.

Abstract: A method of applying patterned materials for manufacture of a flat panel light source includes providing a flexible continuous substrate; providing one or more application stations, each application station having, one or more stationary sources of material, a supply of discrete patterned masks for defining a pattern of material to be applied to the substrate, means for attaching the discrete patterned masks to the substrate; means for transporting the substrate and the patterned mask in registration past the one or more stationary sources of material, and means for delivering the masks one at a time to the transporting means; and transporting the substrate and the masks past the one or more application stations.

Abstract: Discharge-gas-filled discharge cells C each having a phosphor layer 7 formed therein are formed between a front substrate 1 and a back substrate 4. A display discharge is produced between paired display electrodes X and Y and an addressing discharge is produced between the display electrode Y and an addressing electrode D in each discharge cell C. In such a plasma display panel, a diamond-containing layer 17A made of a diamond-containing insulation material is formed in a position where the addressing discharge between the display electrode Y and the addressing electrode D in each discharge cell C is produced.

Abstract: An organic EL device which has a substrate containing a pixel portion, and a sealing cap covering the substrate, wherein an elastic member is arranged on a surface where the substrate and the sealing cap are contacted with each other. The organic EL device may further include an adhesive on the contacting surface. The organic EL device with the sealing structure effectively prevents external moisture or oxygen from being penetrated, and has the increased lifetime of the device and the decreased failure rate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plasma display panel without any injection tip and a method of manufacturing the same. The plasma display panel without any injection tip has a structure capable of directly injecting gas for electric discharge into the plasma display panel through an injection hole of a lower glass substrate using a vacuum apparatus while manufacturing the plasma display panel, thus sealing the plasma display panel in the vacuum. Therefore, the plasma display panel without any injection tip reduces a thickness thereof, thus reducing a space required to install the plasma display panel. Furthermore, the plasma display panel without any injection tip avoids damages, caused by an injection tip of conventional plasma display panels, during a process of transporting or installing the plasma display panel.

Abstract: An arc discharge metal halide lamp having a discharge chamber having visible light permeable walls bounding a discharge region supported electrodes in a discharge region spaced apart by a distance Le with an average interior diameter equal to D so they have a selected ratio. Ionizable materials are provided in this chamber involving a noble gas, one or more halides, and mercury in an amount sufficiently small so as to result in a relatively low maximum voltage drop between the electrodes during lamp operation.

Abstract: A diffuser is formed on an inner surface of a globe included in a compact self-ballasted fluorescent lamp, and a diffuse transmittance of the diffuser ? is set at 95%. When designing dimensions of the compact self-ballasted fluorescent lamp, at the same time, a ratio Dg/Pg is set at 0.8 or greater. Here, Pg is a helical pitch of an arc tube having a helical configuration, and Dg is a half of a difference between a helix diameter of the arc tube and a maximum outside diameter of the globe.

Abstract: A display panel device includes a front sheet that is glued on a front face of a plasma display panel. The front sheet includes a mesh made of a light shield member that has a blackened front surface and a plane size larger than a screen. A length between diagonal lattice points of the mesh is shorter than a cell pitch that is longer one of the cell pitches in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the screen. An arrangement direction of the mesh is inclined with respect to an arrangement direction of the cells in the screen.

Abstract: A reflector assembly includes at least one reflector body having an inner cavity including a first inner surface conformable along a first geometric curve, and a second inner surface conformable along a second geometric curve. An outer surface is conformable about the first geometric curve. A plurality of through apertures are spaced about the reflector body, each formed between the outer surface and a transition region between the first inner surface and the second inner surface. A coolant flow source directs a coolant toward the reflector body. A first portion of the coolant contacts the outer surface, and a second portion of the coolant enters the inner cavity through the apertures. Providing apertures at or adjacent to the change in reflector body wall thickness allows a positive flow of cooling medium around and into the reflector body, while positioning an arc lamp outside of a cooling medium direct impingement path.

Abstract: A display panel is provided that is capable of enhancing visibility outdoors and which can be easily manufactured. In a display panel in which at least one side thereof serves as a display surface, the display panel includes a first reflectance layer, which may be made of titanium, titanium nitride, or an alloy of titanium and tungsten and a second reflectance layer, which may be made of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or gallium zinc oxide, the first and second low reflection layer being deposited at positions corresponding to pixels on a substrate.

Abstract: In a discharge tube manufacture line, electrode clamps are attached to both sides of an electrode lead except on a predetermined adhesion area to fix a glass bead. Then, a power section is driven to energize the area between the electrode clamps. The surface of the predetermined adhesion area is heated and oxidized. The glass bead is welded to the oxidized surface of the predetermined adhesion area.

Abstract: A method for making a spark plug is provided. The method comprises the steps of, for adjustment of a spark gap, provisionally pressing a ground electrode toward a leading end surface of a center electrode and thereby decreasing the spark gap to a predetermined value larger than a final target gap gt, after the step of provisionally pressing the ground electrode, performing an adjustment bending process for eliminating an eccentricity ? of the ground electrode in the widthwise direction thereof with respect to a target position, after the step of performing the adjustment bending process, measuring a spark gap g1 and measuring a difference (g1?gt) between the measured spark gap g1 and the final target gap gt, and pressing the ground electrode toward the center electrode when the difference (g1?gt) is positive. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.