Abstract: A method for destroying cyst of noxious plankton, which comprises mixing in ballast water hydrogen peroxide or a compound producing the same and maintaining an effective concentration thereof for destroying cyst of noxious plankton.

Abstract: Esters of acyl L-carnitine with gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, both as pharmacologically acceptable salts of formula (1) ##STR1## and as inner salts of formula (1') ##STR2## wherein X.sup.- is the anion of a pharmacologically acceptable acid and R is a straight or branched acyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, are used for producing pharmaceutical compositions effective for treating hepatopathies.

Abstract: An antiobesity and fat-reducing composition and method of treating obesity in an animal, including human, in need of such treatment as well as a feed composition for an animal which employs certain naturally occurring alkyl or alkenyl phenols having 15 to 17 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkenyl group.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, an ar(lower)alkyl group or an aryl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be combined together to form a lower alkylene group and/or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are combined together to form a lower alkylene group, or R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be combined together to form an o-phenylene group, X is a halogen atom and Y is an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom substituted with lower alkyl or aryl, which is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of 1.beta.-methylcarbapenem compounds valuable as antibiotics.

Abstract: Mazindol and other nonreinforcing dopamine uptake inhibitors are effective to lessen craving for abused substances.

Abstract: An antimicrobial, low toxicity blend composition of several bis-quaternary ammonium compounds of defined structure, and in defined amounts of the composition, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, is described herein.

Abstract: A hair revitalizing agent including a compound represented by the formula shown below or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.10, R.sup.14 to R.sup.23, X, Y, and n are the same as defined in the present specification).

Abstract: A novel 1.alpha. (or 24R), 25-dihydroxy vitamin D.sub.3 amino acid derivative of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is OH or --O--CO--A--NH.sub.2, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, OH and --O--CO--A--NH.sub.2 ; wherein one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, one of R.sub., R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is OH, and one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is --O--CO--A--NH.sub.2 ; and wherein A is C.sub.1-10 alkylene, is produced by removing a protective group for the amino group, e.g. 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl, in the presence of a base in an inert solvent. A radioisotope iodine-labeled residue is then attached to the amino group to produce a derivative useful in the assay of 1.alpha. (or 24R), 25-dihydroxy vitamin D.sub.3 in a specimen.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel classes of anti-androgen including dihydrophenanthrene derivatives, their method of synthesis and their use in treating disorders associated with excessive androgenic activities.

Abstract: Method for inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase activity using daidzin as a selective inhibitor of ALDH-I activity. Because daidzin is a potent selective, yet reversible, inhibitor of ALDH-I activity, it is useful as a pharmaceutical composition in methods for the treatment of alcohol dependence (i.e., alcoholism) or alcohol abuse, for alcohol sensitization, for extinguishing an alcohol-drinking response, for suppressing an urge for alcohol, for inducing alcohol intolerance, for preventing alcoholism in an individual with or without a susceptibility or predisposition to alcoholism or alcohol abuse, and for limiting alcohol consumption in an individual whether or not genetically predisposed.

Abstract: A quaternized polymer for use as a cosmetic agent, has recurring units of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkyl or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 OH;R' is an aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radical containing a maximum of 20 carbon atoms, or R and R' together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocycle capable of containing a heteroatom other than nitrogen;A is a divalent group selected from ##STR2## wherein x, y and t are whole numbers ranging from 0 to 11 such that the sum (x+y+t) is greater than or equal to 0 and lower than 18, and E and K represent hydrogen or an aliphatic radical having less than 18 carbon atoms,--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --S--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, (3)--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, (4)--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --S--S--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, (5)--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --SO--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, (6)--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --SO.sub.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: Multiple copies of a foreign DNA I coding for the production of a protein may be introduced into eucaryotic cells by cotransforming suitable cells with foreign DNA I and with foreign DNA II which includes a functionally deficient, amplifiable gene coding for a selectable or identifiable trait, preferably carried on the same DNA molecule as a foreign DNA III, which includes a functional, amplifiable gene coding for another selectable or identifiable trait. The cotransformation is carried out under suitable conditions permitting selection or identification of cells expressing the gene on DNA I or that on DNA III, but not that on DNA II. The cotransformed cells so identified or selected are recovered and cloned under conditions where the functionally deficient gene on DNA II is expressed. Cells expressing the gene on DNA II are recovered. They contain multiple copies of DNA I. This method can be used to produce mRNA transcripts or protein products such as human and animal growth hormone, insulin and the like.

Abstract: Optically active oxazoline-carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkykl group which is substituted and has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkyl group which is substituted, a phenyl group, a phenyl group which is substituted, a vinyl group, a vinyl group which is substituted, an ethynyl group or an ethynyl group which is substituted;R.sup.2 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a benzyl group;R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a benzyl group,and a method for preparing the above compounds and derivatives thereof involving a reaction between an aldehyde and an isocyano-carboxylate in the presence of a catalyst mixture.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel methods for the extraction of nucleic acid. In particular methods are described for isolating nucleic acid from a sample containing a complex biological mixture of nucleic acid and non-nucleic acids wherein the sample is combined with an extraction solution comprising a lactam and then the nucleic acid material is isolated from the resulting combined solution. The resulting combined solution is mixed and becomes biphasic and the nucleic acid material is isolated from the aqueous phase by precipitation with ethanol. The lactam is preferably about 5 to about 70% of the extraction solution and is most preferably 2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-hydroxyethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-piperidone, 2-.epsilon.-caprolactam, N-methyl-2-caprolactam, 2-piperidone or N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)pyrrolidone. Methods for selectively isolating DNA, ribosomal RNA and plasmid DNA are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified oligonucleotides, wherein, amongst the first four bases on the 5'-end, they have the base sequence AT or TA and, bound to one of the two O.sup.- groups of the 5'-phosphate group of the first nucleotide at the 5'-end of said oligonucleotide, they contain a radical of the general formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.4 is a spacer group and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl or alkoxy radicals containing up to 3 carbon atoms.These modified oligonucleotides can be used for blocking the replication and/or expression of genes which have a sequence complementary with the modified oligonucleotides.

Abstract: A method of preparing a substituted derivative of sphingosine comprising the steps of reducing serine methyl ester by a hydride reagent to form an aldehyde or aldehyde derivative, adding acetylide anions to the aldehyde to form an erythro-isomer or propargyl alcohol and inverting the propargyl alcohol by S.sub.N 2 inversion to form a threo-isomer. Either isomer can then be deprotected to form an alkyne with a 2-aminopropane 1,3-diol head group; this alkyne can be reduced to form sphingosine or a sphingosine derivitive which can be functionalized at the 4 and 5 positions to form a substituted derivative of sphingosine.

Abstract: N-phenyltetrahydrophthalimides of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or halogen, R.sup.2 is halogen and A is a substituent of the formula ##STR2## where X is oxygen or sulfur, n is zero or one, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.1 -14 C.sub.3 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyloxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenylthio, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyloxy, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynylthio or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -acyloxy, or is hydroxyl or carboxyl or is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio-C.sub.1 - or C.sub.2 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy-C.sub.1 - or -C.sub.2 -alkyl which is substituted in the alkyl ether or thioehter moiety by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxycarbonyl, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, Z is methyleneoxymethylene, methylenethiomethylene or ethenylene (--CH.dbd.CH--) and R.sup.5 and R.sup.

Abstract: A treatment of infectious diseases and enhancement of genetic engineering processes is described comprising the use of external electromagnetic energy to alter electric and magnetic dipoles intracellularly.The process comprises introducing minute particles into the interior of cells in a host organism. These particles are capable of affecting the intracellular conductivity, dielectric properties, dipole content and membrane characteristics of the cell and nucleus. The particles are introduced intravenously, intra-arterially, and/or intra-lymphatically and the organism is then exposed to an alternating electromagnetic field to introduce energy into the cells.

Abstract: Indoloquinone compounds useful as cytostatic agents have formula (I), where R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are in each case, hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group (which may be substituted), an alkoxy group or an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group or an arylthio group, a primary or secondary amino group, hydroxy group or an amino group; R.sub.5 is hydrogen, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group (which may be substituted), or a carbohydrate moiety; R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are in each case hydrogen, halogen, or an alkyl group; R.sub.8 is a group --CH.sub.2 X.sub.1, a group --CO.sub.2 --M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a metal ion; a group --CO.sub.2 R.sub.10, where R.sub.10 is hydrogen or an alkyl group (which may be substituted); a group --CONR'R", where R' and R" are hydrogen or alkyl groups (which may be substituted); R.sub.9 is a group --CR.sub.11 R.sub.12 X.sub.2, a group --CO.sub.2 --M.sup.+, where M.sup.+ is a metal ion; a group --CO.sub.2 R.sub.13, where R.sub.11, R.sub.12 and R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ruthenium complex having the formulaRu.sup.2+ L.sub.1 L.sub.2 L.sub.3 Iwherein L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and L.sub.3 are the same or different are equal to a bi- or polycyclic ligand with at least two nitrogen-containing heterocycles, whereby at least one of these ligands is substituted with at least one group conferring water-solubility, and whereby at least one of these ligands is substituted, optionally via a spacer group, with at least one reactive group, and whereby the ligands L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and L.sub.3 are attached to the ruthenium via nitrogen atoms.The invention is further related to such ruthenium complexes having coupled thereto an immunologically active material, for example, antigens, haptens or antibodies and to the use of said ruthenium complexes in fluorescence spectroscopy. Specific ligands L.sub.1, L.sub.2 and L.sub.3 which are useful in the ruthenium complexes of the invention are, e.g.