Abstract: A wearable radon detector is an apparatus that measures radon exposure around a user. The apparatus includes a housing, an elongated plate, and a radon-detecting foil strip. The housing contains the elongated plate and the radon-detecting foil strip. The elongated plate positions and maneuvers the radon-detecting foil strip. The housing includes a receptacle portion, a storage portion, a first breakaway line, a plate-receiving slot, and a plurality of air passages. The elongated plate includes a grasping member, a setting member, and a second breakaway line. Radon collects within the receptacle portion through the plurality of air passages. The storage portion shields the radon-detecting foil strip once setting member has been slid from the receptacle portion and into the storage portion, the receptacle portion has been separated from storage portion along the first breakaway line, and the grasping member has been separated from the setting member along the second breakaway line.

Abstract: CT scan parameters for performing a CT scan of an anatomical target region of a patient are determined and/or adjusted. An initial set of the CT scan parameters for starting to perform the CT scan is determined based on an initial set of attenuation curves associated with the anatomical target region of the patient. The initial set of attenuation curves are determined based on optical imaging data depicting the patient.

Abstract: A system and method for inspecting an assembly including components joined by self-piercing rivets by a computerized tomography (CT) scan of the joint is provided. The system includes a source of x-rays, a mounting unit for an assembly including the joint which is subject to the x-rays, and an x-ray detector disposed opposite the source for detecting the x-rays. The x-rays are provided at a high energy level of at least 200 kV to generate images having a resolution of at least 200 micrometers (?m). A computer stitches the images together to form reconstructive images which show details of the joint. The assembly to be inspected is not destroyed or modified prior to the inspection process. The resolution of the images generated by the x-rays is high enough to determine the presence of cracks, if any, the interlock (SH), minimum thickness (Tmin), and overall structure of the unmodified assembly.

Abstract: Resistive plate electrode (110, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320) with modulable surface resistivity comprising a supporting plate (130; 230; 330) coupled to a layer (131; 231; 331) of polymer material on which a DLC layer (135; 235; 335) is deposited that is connected to a connection assembly (145, 245, 345) configured to be connected to a high voltage power supply.

Abstract: Photostimulated luminescence, which allows energy or data to be stored and released using electromagnetic waves as both the input and output, has attracted considerable interest in the fields of biomedical and informatics technologies, but this phenomenon is mostly limited to solid inorganic materials. Here, we report photostimulated luminescence from purely organic blend films composed of electron donor, acceptor, and trap/emitter molecules. In the films, charges are accumulated as radical ions by ultraviolet light irradiation and then extracted by near infrared light irradiation to produce visible light. Films are capable of multiple cycles (>10 times) of organic photostimulated luminescence, which was still observable from films left in the dark at room temperature for one week after excitation, and emission color could be varied by changing the trap/emitter molecules. These findings will broadly impact existing applications and provide new prospects for innovative flexible devices.

Abstract: The invention is configured to include a spectroscopy cell 100 as a container including one or more spaces, each of which has a plate shape and contains a to-be-measured object that transmits or reflects a terahertz wave; and a holder 6 including one or more first holder through-holes 6b and 6c disposed at positions corresponding to the spaces of the spectroscopy cell 100, each of the spaces containing the to-be-measured object. A body portion 1 of the spectroscopy cell 100 is made of a resin material that transmits the terahertz wave, and the spectroscopy cell 100 is loaded into the holder 6 and is used. The holder 6 has a function of holding the spectroscopy cell 100, and a function of correcting one or more of a distortion, a twist, and a bending of the spectroscopy cell 100.

Abstract: A method of determining a spectrum of energies of individual quanta of radiation received in a radiation detector is disclosed. Spectrum sensitive statistics are computed from a time series of digital observations from the radiation detector, defining a mapping from a density of amplitudes of the pulses to the spectrum sensitive statistics. The spectrum is determined by estimating the density of amplitudes of the pulses by applying an inversion of the mapping to the spectrum sensitive statistics. The statistics may be based on a first set of nonoverlapping time intervals of constant length L at least as long as a duration of the pulses without regard to entirety of clusters of the pulses; and a second set of nonoverlapping time intervals of constant length L1 less than L also without regard to entirety of clusters of the pulses. A method of estimating count rate is also disclosed.

Abstract: An overlay metrology system may include an objective lens, illumination optics to illuminate an overlay target including a first grating with a first pitch on a first sample layer and a second grating with a second pitch on a second sample layer, where the first and second sample layers are separated by a layer separation distance greater than a depth of field of the objective lens. The system may further include collection optics with a radially-varying defocus distribution to compensate for the layer separation distance such that the first and second gratings are simultaneously in focus on the detector.

Abstract: Systems and method presented herein enable the estimation of porosity using neutron-induced gamma ray spectroscopy. For example, the systems and methods presented herein include receiving, via a control and data acquisition system, data relating to energy spectra of gamma rays captured by one or more gamma ray detectors of a neutron-induced gamma ray spectroscopy logging tool. The method also includes deriving, via the control and data acquisition system, one or more spectral yields relating to one or more elemental components from the data relating to the energy spectra of the gamma rays. The method further includes estimating, via the control and data acquisition system, a measurement of porosity based on the one or more spectral yields relating to the one or more elemental components.

Abstract: A spectroscopic analysis device (1) according to the present disclosure includes a controller (40) that acquires refractive index information on a sample (S) based on information on a first spectroscopic spectrum in a first wavelength band in which only a resonance spectrum of surface plasmon occurs within a spectroscopic spectrum, determines, based on the acquired refractive index information, an incidence angle of irradiation light (L1) irradiated by an irradiator (10) with respect to a membrane (M) such that the peak wavelength of the resonance spectrum and the peak wavelength of an absorption spectrum of the sample (S) match in a second spectroscopic spectrum in a second wavelength band in which the resonance spectrum and the absorption spectrum occur within the spectroscopic spectrum, and analyzes the state of the sample (S) from information on the second spectroscopic spectrum obtained based on the determined incidence angle.

Abstract: A method for generating a panoramic layer image of an object to be imaged, by employing a 2D panoramic X-ray device, the object being imaged by projecting X-rays generated by an X-ray source through the object in a projection direction and recording the X-rays with an X-ray detector. Several 2D X-ray projection images are continuously recorded from various imaging directions while the X-ray source and the X-ray detector move around the object. At least one panoramic layer image is calculated from the recorded 2D X-ray projection images using a reconstruction method. The panoramic layer image is calculated by selecting and employing at least one partial area from at least two 2D X-ray projection images in relation to an active sensor area.

Abstract: A method for determining a set of physical parameters of a sample, comprising the steps of: —A Retrieving a measured sample temporal trace Es(t), —B retrieving a measured reference temporal trace Eref(t), —C determining an widened reference temporal trace, called Eref0(t), and determining a discrete Fourier transform {hacek over (E)}ref0(?) of the widened reference temporal trace—D determining a modeling of an impulse response of the sample in the frequency domain, depending on the set of physical parameters (pi), called sample frequency model {hacek over (E)}model{Pi}(?), from the Fourier Transform of the widened reference temporal trace {hacek over (E)}ref0(?) and a physical behavior model of the sample, —E applying an optimization algorithm on the set of physical parameters (pi) comprising the sub steps of: —E1 initializing physical parameters (pi), —realizing iteratively the sub steps of: —E2 calculating an inverse discrete Fourier transform of the sample frequency model {hacek over (E)}model{Pi}(?), call

Abstract: A vehicle includes a computed tomographic system (CT) including a CT gantry having an inner peripheral, and a subject window in a surface of the vehicle. The subject window is configured to be exposed to an exterior of the vehicle via a side face of the vehicle, such that the subject window is configured to enable a subject to enter or exit from the inner peripheral of the CT gantry in a body axis direction of the CT.

Abstract: A photodetector comprises a substrate, and supported by the substrate, a configuration to act as optical resonator and to absorb incident radiation of a band, including infrared. The configuration comprises: a resonant frontside structure facing the incident radiation; a backside structure and arranged between the frontside structure and the substrate; and a layer of an active material made from a semiconducting material, and configured to convert at least part of the incident radiation of the band into charge carriers. The frontside structure or the backside structure is made from electrically conducting material and is in contact with the active material. The configuration is configured to selectively absorb the incident radiation of the band. The frontside structure or the backside structure that is in contact with the active material is contacted by electrical contacts for sensing the charge carriers in the active material. The active material comprises amorphous or polycrystalline material.

Abstract: A device is disclosed. The device contains a first light source configured to excite fluorescence emission of a first contaminant on a surface, and a first optical sensor configured to capture one or more images of the fluorescence emission of the first contaminant.

Abstract: Provided is a security item using the intensity of fluorescent materials and a user identification system using same, the security item containing fluorescent materials that have intrinsic luminescent characteristics when irradiated with excitation light, wherein the fluorescent materials are contained in an amount of 0.2-3.0 wt % on the basis of the weight of the security item, and the difference in relative value calculated by formula (I), according to a 0.2-0.5 wt % difference in the amount of the fluorescent materials, is at least 3. Formula (I): the relative value of ? wt % of fluorescent materials=(the relative intensity of the emission wavelength of ? wt % of the fluorescent materials×100)/(the relative intensity of the emission wavelength of 3.0 wt % of the fluorescent materials).

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring radon and thoron using an ionization chamber is proposed. The apparatus includes: a pump for air inflow suctioning and sending external air to at least one channel; a first sensor module outputting an alpha particle detection signal of an electrical signal by detecting alpha (?) particles discharged from radon and thoron; an air inflow delay module delaying air for a predetermined delay time and then outputting the air; a second sensor module outputting an alpha particle detection signal of an electrical signal by detecting alpha (?) particles discharged from radon and thoron; and a control module discriminating normal or abnormal alpha particle detection signals, counting the normal alpha particle detection signals discriminated for a predetermined measurement time, and calculating radioactive ray concentration values on the basis of the counted number of times of the normal alpha particle detection signals.

Abstract: An intraoral tomosynthesis x-ray imaging device, system, and method with an interchangeable collimator. The intraoral tomosynthesis x-ray imaging device includes an x-ray source array including one or more spatially distributed focal spots and a detachable collimation assembly to provide rectangular or circular radiation fields. The intraoral tomosynthesis x-ray imaging device further includes a digital intraoral x-ray detector. In some embodiments, the x-ray source array is configured to produce either a scanning x-ray beam illuminating an object from different viewing angles without mechanically moving the x-ray source array for tomosynthesis, or a single two-dimensional radiograph.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system (1010) for X-ray dark field, phase contrast and attenuation image acquisition, the system comprising: an X-ray source (1020); an interferometer arrangement (1030); an X-ray detector (1040); a control unit (1050); at least one vibration transducer (1080); a processing unit (1090); and an output unit (1060). An axis is defined extending from a centre of the X-ray source to a centre of the X-ray detector. An examination region is located between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector, wherein the axis extends through the examination region, and wherein the examination region is configured to enable location of an object to be examined. The interferometer arrangement is located between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector, and wherein the interferometer arrangement comprises a first grating (1032) and a second grating (1034).

Abstract: An infrared (IR) imaging system for determining a concentration of a target species in an object is disclosed. The imaging system can include an optical system including a focal plane array (FPA) unit behind an optical window. The optical system can have components defining at least two optical channels thereof, said at least two optical channels being spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels can be positioned to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards the optical FPA. The system can include a processing unit containing a processor that can be configured to acquire multispectral optical data representing said target species from the IR radiation received at the optical FPA. One or more of the optical channels may be used in detecting objects on or near the optical window, to avoid false detections of said target species.