Abstract: A biochemical reagent comprises an oligosaccharide, preferably one which has been liberated from an immunogenic glycoprotein or proteoglycan, which is immobilized on a carrier via an intermediate spacer molecule such as a lipid. The lipid molecule should preferably have at least two long lipid tails so that the oligosaccharide is held in spaced relationship to the carrier where is exhibits antibody-binding ability which is almost indistinguishable from that of the original glycoprotein or proteoglycan. The reagent has its application in biochemical testing of oligosaccharides and systems which bind to them.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a monoclonal antibody capable of preferentially recognizing arteriosclerotic lesions and prepared from a hybridoma obtained by fusing myeloma cells and cells capable of producing antibodies against arteriosclerotic lesions, such as spleen cells, peripheral lymphocyte of thymus and peripheral vascular cells, the antibody can be to use as an agent for detecting the presence of arteriosclerotic lesions and for treating arteriosclerosis.

Abstract: Peptides and proteins related to an epitope comprising an outer membrane protein of Haemophilus influenzae are described. The peptides and proteins can be prepared by methods including novel and improved methods of purification from H. influenzae cultures, and by recombinant DNA and chemical synthetic techniques. Additionally, recombinant vectors containing nucleotide sequences encoding PBOMP-1 and PBOMP-2 related peptides, proteins and fusion proteins are also described. Recombinant vectors include plasmid DNA and viral DNA such as human viruses, animal viruses, insect viruses and bacteriophages that direct the expression of the PBOMP-1 and PBOMP-2 related peptides, proteins, and fusion proteins in appropriate host cells. The peptides, proteins, fusion proteins and viruses both "live" and "inactivated" are used as immunogens in vaccine formulations to protect against H. influenzae infections.

Abstract: The stereochemistry of sialylation of an acceptor saccharide to obtain an a (2-3) or a (2-6) linkage is controlled to favor the a anomer by use of an aromatic ester of the sialyl reagent. The resulting intermediate a (2-3) and a (2-6) sialylated intermediate disaccharide blocks are useful in the synthesis of antigenic substances which can be used to raise antibodies useful in diagnosis and therapy, and can themselves be used as reagents in various applications. The preparation of the tetrasaccharide antigens corresponding to the 19-9 and sialyl-X antigens characteristic of malignant tissue illustrates the application of this method.

Abstract: A method of assaying a ligand in a sample which method includes the steps of contacting the sample with components comprising(a) a specific binding partner to the ligand and, if desired,(b) at least one reagent selected from ligand analogues and specific binding, partners,at least one of the said components (a) and (b) being labelled with an electron-donor or electron-acceptor,and determining whether (and, if desired, the extent to which) transfer of electrons between the said electron-donor or electron-acceptor label and a suitable charge-transfer partner resulting in charge-transfer complex formation is perturbed by ligand complex formation and/or by controlled external influences.

Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies and compositions thereof are provided for detecting, measuring, and immunopurifying human GM-CSF.

Abstract: Chemically synthesized polypeptides containing about 6 to 40 amino acid residues and having amino acid residue sequences that substantially correspond to the primary amino acid residue sequences of particular variable or hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins, when administered alone or as polymers or as conjugates bound to carriers, induce the production of anti-idiotype antibodies of predetermined specificities.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of identifying mesenchymal tissues as normal, proliferatively active or malignant. This invention also provides a method of distinguishing subsets of sarcomas with distinctive antigenic phenotypes. This invention also provides a method of diagnosing mesenchymal tumors. Finally, this invention provides a monoclonal antibody designated G171 and the hybridoma cell line producing said monoclonal antibody (ATCC No. HB9254).

Abstract: Monoconal antibodies HT29-36, CB, CLH6, M2, and S12 are useful in determining the presence of Type A blood group antigen and in distinguishing different forms of this antigen. As type A antigen exhibits several forms differing in minor respects only, the monoclonal antibodies are useful in making fine distinctions between the different forms, and may be used, e.g., in cancer diagnosis, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to monoclonal antibodies against prosomal proteins of a prosome, said prosome having a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 19S, and to a method for detecting cancer using monoclonal antibodies specifically directed against said prosomal proteins. The invention also relates to diagnostic reagents for use in such a detection method.

Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies are described which have specific affinities for halogenated nucleoside analogs and are preferentially selective for one particular halogen. Such antibodies, when incorporated into immunochemical reagents, may be used to identify and independently quantify the cell division character of more than one population or subpopulation in flow cytometric measurements. Independent assessment of division activity in cell sub-populations facilitates selection of appropriate time and dose for administration of anti-proliferative agents. The hybridomas which secrete halogen selective antibodies and the method of making them are described.

Abstract: An anti-human gastric cancer monoclonal antibody, AMC-462, which belongs to the class IgG.sub.1, reacts with human digestive system cancer, and recognizes sialylated glycoproteins or glycolipids as the antigen is disclosed. It is effective for diagnosis of digestive system cancer, especially pancreatic cancer.

Abstract: A dye-providing composition is useful in various diagnostic assays wherein a peroxidase-labeled specific binding species is used. This composition is substantially free of peroxidase and such labeled species, and comprises an imidazole leuco dye and 4'-hydroxyacetanilide present in an amount up to about 2.5 mmolar. This composition can be included as part of a diagnostic test kit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the determination of an analyte in a body fluid, in which there are used two binding components capable of specifically binding with one another, one of the binding components being enzyme-labelled and not carrier-fixed and the other binding component being carrier-fixed. The process contains a step in which the binding components are incubated with one another so that binding reaction takes place. The amount of enzyme-labelled binding component not bound to the carrier-fixed binding component is a measure of the concentration of the analyte which is determined by allowing the labelling enzyme to act upon a substrate producing a detection signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are monoclonal antibodies which react with human tumor cells, particularly metastatic human tumor cells, but not with normal human tissues tested. The monoclonal antibodies are prepared against a 580 kilodalton glycoprotein antigen, designated gp580, which is isolated from either rat or human tumor cells. Methods for isolating the glycoprotein antigen are disclosed as well. Moreover, techniques are disclosed for utilizing these antibodies both in the detection and in the prevention of human tumor lesions.

Abstract: A dye-providing composition comprises a water-soluble or -dispersible polymer, such as a vinylpyrrolidone polymer, and an imidazole leuco dye capable of providing a dye in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and a peroxidative substance. The weight ratio of polymer to leuco dye is from about 10,000:1 to about 100:1. The dye-providing composition can be included with a peroxidase substrate in a diagnostic test kit. A method for the determination of a ligand can be carried out using a peroxidase labeled-receptor for the ligand and the dye-providing composition described above. The method is particularly useful for the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Abstract: An in vitro method for determining clonogenicity of and measuring the effect of physical (such as radiation or heat) or chemical treatment on mammalian test cells, including normal and tumor test cells. The method comprises encasing the test cells in agglomerates of non-proliferating, but metabolically active, feeder cells which are capable of forming spheroids. The resulting mixed (hybrid) multicellular spheroids provide an in vivo-like environment for the entrapped test cells. Test cells are subjected to treatment either before or after incorporation into spheroids, and the effect of such treatment is then evaluated from the colony forming ability of spheroids containing test cells.

Abstract: An aqueous wash solution is buffered to a pH of from about 5 to about 9 and contains at least about 0.01 weight percent of a compound comprising a dodecyl sulfate anion and an alkali metal or ammonium cation, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate. This wash solution is particularly useful in a method for the determination of an immunological ligand. Particularly, it is useful for washing the immunological complex formed between the ligand and a receptor molecule therefor. Unreacted materials can be readily separated from the complex by the washing, particularly if the separation is carried out using a filtration membrane in a test device. a test kit for ligand determination comprises the wash solution as well as one or more receptors for the ligand, at least one of which is labeled for detection. This kit is particularly useful for measuring human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as an early indicator of pregnancy.

Abstract: Disclosed are immunological methods and materials for detection of antigens associated with breast or prostate cancer disease states. Presently preferred antibody preparations (e.g., PR92 monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridoma cell line ATCC HB 9390) are employed in immunoassays performed on patient body fluids and for purification of tumor-associated antigen compositions.

Abstract: The method described coats the interior of a tube-like support with the binding partner of the analyte. Analyte and anti-analyte-label conjugate are added. When the tube-like support is rotated end-over-end, the thin layer of analyte and conjugate readily react with the binding partners to form an immobilized label complex. When rotation stops, the reaction quenches to provide precise timing. The label complex is released and measured.