Abstract: Tar and coal fines are separated from ammonia liquor in a coke making operation by a series of settling steps including one in which a foam is physically removed from the surface area of a decanter and placed in a separate decanter.

Abstract: An integral artificial kidney unit is formed of four opposed plastic sheets bonded together, the composition of the inner second pair of opposed thin sheets being selected for their high permeability to waste products which are required to be dialyzed from patient blood. The inner second pair of plastic sheets are bonded together in a sealed pattern providing an integral perfusion unit. The outer first pair of plastic sheets are bonded at their exterior edges forming a dialyzate chamber and also are bonded to a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port of the enclosed integral perfusion unit. More than one perfusion unit can be interconnected in parallel to a common blood inlet port and a common blood outlet port, and all are disposed inside the dialyzate chamber. An integral perfusion unit has a single blood inlet port symetrically disposed and interconnected to a blood inlet manifold, and the inlet manifold is disposed across and interconnected to multiple parallel blood tubules having small diameters.

Abstract: A cell filter having a collecting part divided into chambers and compartments and provided with cavities. Each compartment is provided on the one hand at the bottom thereof with at least one liquid-discharge outlet lying substantially below that level where the cavities open and on the other hand, above the liquid top level, with at least one passageway towards a gas-sucking device in such a way as to suck the gases while causing the gases and liquids to separate and go along different paths inside the compartments, means being provided to return to the original compartment those liquids which might have entered the passageways so as on the one hand, obtain at the distributor outlet, liquid-free gases and on the other hand, collect through the discharge openings only liquids which are substantially free from undissolved gases.

Abstract: A vertically disposed centrifugal pressure filter for suspensions has a closed casing containing a sectional hollow rotary shaft, the long section of which is equipped with filter disks within the casing. A relatively short shaft section has a plug-in connection with the lower end of the long shaft section and has bearing in an outside bearing casing detachably connected to the filter casing. Dynamic sealing means is provided between the short shaft section and the bearing casing, so that when the bearing casing and short shaft section are disconnected from the filter casing and long shaft section, the seal for the short shaft section is not disturbed. The filtrate passes through the shaft sections and to the outside through the bearing casing.

Abstract: A hollow fiber dialyser comprises a webbing of hollow fibers. A loose warp hread at each end of a webbing wound on a core, acts as a wick barrier to prevent sealant from leaking into the interstices between the hollow fibers. A tight warp thread nearest the open ends of the fibers pinches off the free inner cross section of each hollow fiber to prevent sealant from penetrating into the hollow fibers.

Abstract: An artificial kidney dialysate system provides a predetermined rate of flow of dialysate solution into a dialyzer, and a predetermined rate of flow of dialysate solution from the outlet of the dialyzer. Through positive displacement pumping at the inlet and outlet of the dialyzer, the two rates can be adjusted so that an accurately predetermined quantity of excess fluid from the patient's blood stream can be withdrawn into the dialysate solution.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for continuously separating disperse phase and a continuous phase from a liquid-liquid emulsion. The emulsion, such as an oil-water emulsion, is flowed into a contacting zone in which the emulsion is agitated with continuous phase wet, disperse phase coalescing, length-classified chemically-pulped cellulose fibers and separated into a disperse phase and a continuous phase which are separately withdrawn.

Abstract: A liquid cleaner incorporating a driven impeller rotatably mounted in a perforated cage whereby liquid to be purified is introduced into the cage adjacent the center thereof, the impurities suspended in the liquid tending, by the centrifugal action of the impeller acting on the liquid in the cage, to move outwardly through apertures in the circular side wall of the cage, and downwardly into a lower sedimentation trap area outside the influence of the centrifugal action, the purified liquid then leaving the cage area through a suitable orifice at a predetermined distance from the axis of the cage.

Abstract: A hollow fiber separatory device is provided wherein a polyurethane prepolymer is cross-linked or cured with an ester of a polyhydric alcohol which contains two or three hydroxyl groups, e.g., propylene glycol monoricinoleate, and an aliphatic acid of at least 12 carbon atoms and one or more epoxy and/or hydroxy groups per molecule.

Abstract: A rapid cleaning filter utilized in a liquid fertilizer system including an elongate tank having a screen filter element longitudinally disposed in the tank with an entry slot in the end of the tank for quick removal from the tank; sealing means around that portion of the filter element extending outwardly of the tank and a quick release latching arm for holding the element in sealing relation with the tank.

Abstract: An automatic cleaning system for blood dialysis machines comprises a plurality of automatic valves for sequentially passing water, cleaning solution, and sterilizing solution through the dialysate chamber on the one hand, and water and sterilizing solution through the blood chamber on the other hand. The cleaning solution is held in the dialysate chamber to soak the membrane while the water is passed through the blood chamber. The cleaning and sterilizing fluids are supplied to the dialyzer from containers filled with reservoirs of pre-mixed fluids. A water-actuated Venturi fitting is used to withdraw sterilizing and cleaning fluids from the dialyzer.

Abstract: A fluid flow transfer apparatus is constructed by placing a pleated membrane within a central chamber in a housing, injecting liquid potting material into the central chamber, positioning the housing while the potting is still flowable such that the membrane tips to be anchored to the housing are horizontal at the bottom of the membrane body and the inner housing surface adjacent to those membrane tips is horizontal, allowing the liquid potting to flow between that surface and those lower membrane tips and settle uniformly therebetween, and curing the potting material to anchor those tips to the housing.

Abstract: Process of treating waste water from a textile vat dyeing operation containing water, vat dyes, and dissolved and undissolved impurities including salts, lint, foreign matter, etc. to produce a concentrate suitable for direct reuse in the vat dyeing operation to conserve the use of dyes and water, as follows. Undissolved impurities of a predetermined particle size are filtered out. Thereafter, the waste water is concentrated and filtered down to a concentrate of a ratio of from about 30/1 to 200/1 while removing excess water and a substantial portion of the remaining impurities and retaining substantially all of the vat dyes and a desired amount of water.

Abstract: Articles to be galvanized, such as wire or chain link fencing, are passed in sequence through an acid bath, a water rinse, a flux bath, a molten zinc bath, and a water quench bath. The quench bath becomes heavily contaminated with suspended, particulate zinc which renders the water unfit for discharge to a sewer or for passage through a cooling tower for recycling. Zinc contamination in the zinc quench water is reduced by centrifuging the water. The treated water is cooled to recycling to the quench bath. When a molten lead bath followed by a water quench bath is used to anneal articles such as wire strands before they are galvanized, lead contamination in the lead quench water is also reduced by centrifuging the water. The zinc and lead removed from the quench water streams are recovered and recycled.

Abstract: A device and method of operation for receiving retrieved blood from the surgical field of a patient and treating the blood so that it is in condition for direct or indirect return to the patient. The device is comprised of a housing adapted to receive a relatively large volume of blood, which when received is removed of air bubbles and other foreign matter. The received blood flows smoothly both to and from a fibrous membrane interposed in the path of blood flow thereby avoiding bubbling and damage to the blood. Significantly, means within the housing are provided to inhibit clotting of the blood within the housing.

Abstract: Pressure-driven affinity sorption membranes are prepared from a membrane filter composed of an insoluble matrix polymer or an interpolymer composite and used for separation and purification by passing therethrough solutions containing mixtures, one or more of which forms a specific complex with the ligand on the pore surface of the membrane, washing out the uncoupled solutes, then employing an appropriate displacing or eluting agent to recover the desired component in a pure and concentrated state, all under pressure-driven conditions.

Abstract: A universal dialyzer end cap which provides a connection between a kidney dialyzer and a blood tubing line. The end cap is constructed of a material which allows a firm connection to the dialyzer while at the same time is of a configuration which does not allow blood to contact the surface of the end cap when properly attached to a kidney dialyzer.

Abstract: A fluid flow transfer apparatus comprising a pleated membrane and a housing having a pair of generally U-shaped interfitting casings. One of the casings fits within the other to define a central fluid chamber in which the membrane is positioned and a pair of outer sealing compartments. The two outermost flaps of the membrane extend into the respective sealing compartments, where they are sealed to the housing.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of semipermeable membrane which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polysulfone to a plasma.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a deairing system for use in a bedside-console-type dialysis machine.The system includes a selectively adjustable flow controller, a deairing tank, and a suction pump for drawing dialysis solution from the flow controller through the deairing tank and to the pump. The pump is also connected to the deairing tank for applying a negative pressure and for removing gas from the dialysis solution.The tank is provided with a baffle-and-ball-type check valve arrangement for preventing flow of dialysis solution through the gas line. A recirculation loop is provided in conjunction with the pump and includes an air separation tank downstream of the pump and a negative pressure valve which connects the upstream side of the pump and recirculation tank. The air separation tank cooperates with the pump to assure efficient operation of the pump by minimizing the air drawn through the recirculation loop and to the pump from the separation tank.