Abstract: A process for removing dissolved organic compounds from an aqueous solution wherein said solution is contacted with a water insoluble, liquid oligomeric or polymeric poly(amphiphilic) compound having an affinity for said organic compound.

Abstract: A process for the separation of liquid component mixtures by combined pervaporation-vapor permeation with a feed flow in the form of a vapor-liquid mixture being employed and the feed flow being passed from bottom to top as a vapor-liquid mixture over a vertically arranged membrane, so that a permanent thorough mixing of vapor and liquid results, and no stationary liquid film is able to form on the surface of the membrane.

Abstract: A filter apparatus and method is disclosed for separating solid materials from liquid materials in a slurry fluid. The apparatus includes separable plate members (12, 14) that are pressed against each other to form a filter chamber (10) . The plates have mating surfaces (34, 54) and hollow interior portions that create the chamber. A filter medium (28) is placed between the mating surfaces before the plates are closed. The apparatus includes means for forcing wash fluids, liquids or gasses through the slurry to force the fluids from the slurry and to produce a dry filter cake of the solids. After the filtration has been completed, the plates are separated leaving the filter cake on the filter medium and the filter medium is advanced out of the filter chamber moving a clean filter medium between the open filter plates. Another filter operation them proceeds. The filter medium is cleaned outside of the filter apparatus and can be prepared for reuse.

Abstract: An acid chloride, bicyclo 2,2,2!oct-7ene-(2.alpha.,3.beta.,5.alpha.,6.beta.)tetracarbonyl chloride (C.sub.12 H.sub.8 O.sub.4 Cl.sub.

Abstract: Vegetable meal compositions having high-rumen bypass potentials for use in the feeding of ruminant animals, and a method for producing the compositions are claimed. The claimed compositions comprise a protein meal and low levels of zinc ions, with the zinc ions being present in an amount sufficient to provide about 0.003-0.008 parts zinc ions per part of protein in the meal. The composition has a rumen bypass potential, as measured by the "Percent of Total Protein that is Available and Undegraded", or "% AUN", of not less than about 30. The method for producing the composition comprises treating the meals with low levels of zinc ions and heating the mixture under moist heat conditions.

Abstract: An immobilized liquid membrane and a method for selective extraction using same wherein said membrane comprises a hydrophobic polyamphiphilic oligomeric or polymeric liquid supported or immobilized within a microporous support which may be hydrophobic.

Abstract: What is created is a multichambered honeycomb structure; made of laminates and composite materials to cut cost and provide strength and durability; disposed floating on open waters in an elongated form to serve as sea wall to break up the surfs to create a calm harbor for safe refuge for boats, floating houses, fishermen and protection of the shoreline; having an impact wall with window one-way valves to convert the energy of the surfs into elevated water that drive a water turbine, or into compressed air that drive a gas turbine electric generator; having a rectangular floater oscillator that activates a rocker arm drive bar by the energy of the water waves; having an under water deep well reverse osmosis desalinator that is driven by said rocker arm; having a piston type force water pump driven by said floater oscillator; having a thin plate rectangular magnet push-and-pull electric generator driven by said rocker arm drive bar; having a multistage piston vacuum pump driven by said rocker arm; having a mist

Abstract: A tray assembly for use in receiving and retaining used moist brewing substances and the like from a beverage brewing apparatus and separating a liquid portion therefrom. The tray assembly is in communication with an entry port which deposits moist brewing substances therein. A drain line in the brewing apparatus carries separated liquids away from said tray assembly. The tray assembly includes a tray body, a liquid separation portion retained in said tray body for drawing off liquids from moist brewing substances, and a controllably sealable tray valve assembly attached to the tray body and operatively engaging the drain line for draining liquids from the tray assembly. A first area in the tray body between the entry port and the liquid separation portion communicates with the entry port and defines a receiving and retaining space. A second area in the tray body between the liquid separating portion and the valve assembly communicates with the tray valve assembly and defines a liquid collection space.

Abstract: A novel system for removing contaminants from water utilizes a microfiltration membrane and an adsorbent particle suspension. In the preferred embodiment, the microfiltration membrane is a ceramic membrane and the adsorbent is powdered activated carbon. The adsorbent is added to the water to be decontaminated to form the suspension. The adsorbent particle suspension is recirculated from a recirculation reservoir through a tubular microfiltration membrane. Decontaminated water permeates from the membrane.

Abstract: Articles having a complex geometric configuration have hydrophilicity imparted to at least a portion of surfaces of the articles while substantially retaining the complex geometric configuration. The hydrophilicity is imparted by an extremely thin, self-interlocking shell of tactic, hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) enveloping the surfaces. A tactic poly(vinyl alcohol) precursor applied to surfaces of the supporting structure is reacted in situ on the surfaces with a hydrolysis reagent to prepare the tactic, hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) shell. The article having the hydrophilic shell is highly resistant to solvent washout. Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity can be reversibly provided on regio-specific surfaces of the article. Articles in the form of membranes useful as filters are also described.

Abstract: A filtering medium which is unchanged in the maximum pore size even when heating sterilization, high temperature filtration, etc. are carried out, yet has a high tensile strength, can be processed into pleat-form and also is applied to high precision filtration, is provided, which filtering medium is a product having a non-woven fabric composed of 20 to 80% by weight of lower melting point microfine fibers and 80 to 20% by weight of higher melting point microfine fibers having a melting point higher by 10.degree. C. or higher than that of the lower melting point microfine fibers, the respective fibers being hot-melt-adhered to one another through the lower melting point microfine fibers, hot-melt-adhered to a hot-melt-adhesive net, and having a maximum pore size of 120 .mu.m.

Abstract: A substantially continuous membrane separation process has been discovered in which the known benefits of a cell-recycle fermentor are unexpectedly enhanced because pH is controlled from 4.0 to 5.5 with a nitrogen-containing base. The ammonium lactate formed is not precipitated, allowing continuous removal of lactic acid so as to maintain a concentration of lactic acid about 12% by wt in the broth. When combined with recycle of UF retentate, operating this cell-recycle fermentor allows the build-up of a cell population in the range from above 5.times.10.sup.9 CFU/ml to 5.times.10.sup.10 CFU/ml, which population is much denser than one which can be produced with the specified pH control in a batch fermentor, after self-termination of the fermentation. This super-dense population of cells, In turn, not only accelerates production of lactic acid but also minimizes contamination by foreign cells.

Abstract: A process for the separation of naphthalenesulfonate-based carbonyl condensates from water is provided. The process comprises contacting a mixture comprised of water and a naphthalenesulfonate-based carbonyl condensate (preferably a material selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde condensates of naphthalenesulfonic acids, formaldehyde condensates of lower-alkyl substituted naphthalenesulfonic acids, and mixtures of two or more of such materials) with a liquid organic phase comprised of a cationic lipophilic amine to form an aqueous phase depleted with respect to said mixture of naphthalenesulfonate-based carbonyl condensate and a liquid organic phase enriched in naphthalenesulfonate-based carbonyl condensate. The process further comprises separating said aqueous phase depleted with respect to said mixture of naphthalenesulfonate-based carbonyl condensate and said liquid organic phase enriched with respect to naphthalenesulfonate-based carbonyl condensate.

Abstract: Medical drug formulation and delivery system includes a reverse osmosis device for purifying water from a source comprising a housing having an inlet for passage of water from the source, a first outlet for passage of purified water from the housing and a second outlet for passage of waste water remaining after purification. A first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly is disposed within the housing in fluid communication with the inlet for purification of at least a first portion of the water from the source. Water treatment chemicals can be positioned in a core about which the first reserve osmosis multilayer assembly is wound. The treatment chemicals are in fluid communication with the first reverse osmosis multilayer assembly to receive the first purified portion of water and for removal of at least chemical contaminants therefrom.

Abstract: A product having a porous polymeric structure is formed from a non-porous polymeric sheet by sequential contact of the non-porous sheet with a solvent for the sheet and then a non-solvent for the sheet. The porous product can be porous through all or a portion of its thickness.

Abstract: A ruminant feedstuff comprises, in admixture, one or more edible, water-insoluble calcium or magnesium fatty acid salts and animal or vegetable protein nutritional material, the protein material having been converted during formation of the fatty acid salt into a form which is substantially non-degradable in the rumen but which is digestible in the lower gut. This feedstuff may be obtained by forming a substantially homogeneous mixture of animal or vegetable protein nutritional material, one or more fatty acids, suitably in liquid form, and a calcium or magnesium compound capable of forming an edible water-insoluble salt with the fatty acid under the conditions employed, initiating reaction of the fatty acid(s) and calcium or magnesium compound, suitably by raising the temperature of the ingredients e.g. by injection of steam into the substantially homogeneous mixture formed, maintaining the mixture at elevated temperature, e.g. 110.degree. to 115.degree. C., and then cooling the product.

Abstract: A laminated filter material for removing foreign materials from gas or liquid with high precision, its fabricating method and a filter using a laminated filter material are described. The laminated filter material comprises a support member of porous metal and a particle layer of fine particles laminated on a surface having asperities of the support member, by immersing the support member in a suspension of the particles without a binder, and evacuating the suspension through the support member. The method for fabricating includes the steps of preparing a suspension of particles finer than the average pore diameter of support member without using a binder, immersing the support member, and evacuating the suspension through the support member.

Abstract: Process for the recovery of catalyst in the production of ether carboxylic acids by catalytic oxidation with a suspended ether catalyst in which the reaction mixture is subjected to cross-flow filtration.

Abstract: Processes and apparati are provided for separating species of interest from a mixture containing them which comprises subjecting the mixture to tangential-flow filtration, wherein the filtration membrane preferably has a pore size that retains species with a size up to about 10 microns, and the flux is maintained at a level ranging from about 5 % up to 100 % of transition point flux.

Abstract: Asymmetric fluoropolymer hollow fibers having a thin, dense, inner separation layer that is essentially defect-free. In the process of this invention, a fluoropolymer dope is spun into a hollow fiber using a hollow fiber die, a core solvent, preferably comprising water, and a coagulation bath, preferably comprising a water-acetone mixture. Due to solubility and surface tension differences, the outer layer of the fiber does not coagulate quickly enough to form a dense layer, and remains porous, but the core solvent causes the inner surface of the hollow fiber to coagulate into a thin, dense, defect-free layer.