Abstract: An approach is provided for map-based dynamic location sampling. The approach, for instance, involves calculating an estimated time of arrival at an end node of a road segment from a beginning node of the road segment based on historical traversal time data for the road segment. The approach also involves determining a sampling rate for a location sensor of a vehicle traveling the road segment based on the estimated time of arrival. The approach further involves configuring the location sensor to collect location data using the sampling rate.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a gradient estimation device includes one or more processors. The processors acquire a first image and a second image obtained by photographing a surface of an object. The processors extract, from the first image, a first pixel indicating a boundary of an object in a direction different from a gradient direction of the surface, and extract a second pixel corresponding to the first pixel from the second image. The processors calculate gradient magnitude of the surface by transforming at least one of the first image and the second image such that a matching degree between the first pixel and the second pixel is increased.