Abstract: A secondary battery comprises a negative electrode and a positive electrode which oppose each other and an ion conductive member which includes a layered or columnar structure (ion channels) in its matrix and which is sandwiched between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.

Abstract: A lead-acid battery, which achieves a low profile while allowing grids of relative maximum height to be used, comprises a container having the terminal cells located adjacent the front of the battery so as to allow ready access to the battery when located in racks or the like in service, and a cover, preferably a two-piece cover, containing the terminals, interior surfaces of the cover and top surfaces of the container being sloped upwardly in a rearward direction from the front of the battery, thereby allowing the use of relatively tall grids.

Abstract: A separator membrane for use in silver-zinc batteries is produced by extruding a blend of two fillers with the same chemical formula but different particle size. A polyolefine polymer and a plasticizer are blended and extruded to form a thin sheet of 1 to 10 mil thickness. The plasticizer is then extracted to leave submicron voids in the membrane. Plasticizers are added as processing aids, and can be either soluble or insoluble in water, and include petroleum oils, lubricating oils, fuel oils, and natural oils such as tall oils and linseed oils. The oil are then extracted from the membrane by conventional procedures such as single stage extraction using a suitable solvent. Commercially available wetting agents known to the art such as dodecylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol and isooctyl phenyl polyethoxy ethanol are coated onto the sheet to improve wettability. The sheet is then dried, and boiled in distilled water for one minute or more, before being finally dried.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery is disclosed having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive or negative electrode contains, as its active material, an Li—Ti complex oxide having a spinel crystal structure and represented by the compositional formula Li4MxTi5−xO12, wherein M is at least one element selected from V, Nb, Mo and P and x satisfies the relationship 0<x≦0.45.

Abstract: An improved battery case for armored vehicles the case having an inlet and outlet, the case halving means that opens the case for airflow when the interior temperature of the case reaches a predetermined value. The case is further insulated so it will minimize the transfer of heat from the surrounding engine components and armor plate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a lithium polymer secondary battery includes the steps of fabricating a unit cathode plate, a unit anode plate and a separator each having a plasticizer, extracting each plasticizer from the unit cathode plate, the unit anode plate and the separator and drying the same, stacking the cathode plate and the unit anode plate and interposing the separator therebetween to form a unit battery cell, and impregnating the unit battery cell with an electrolytic solution. Therefore, the battery productivity can be improved. Also, expanded metal or punched metal as well as a foil can be used as cathode and anode current collectors of the lithium polymer secondary battery.

Abstract: The invention comprises a solid oxide fuel cell system comprising at least two solid oxide fuel cell stacks and at least one extension member. Each solid oxide fuel cell stack includes a plurality of solid oxide fuel cells. Each cell is separated by an interconnect. The extension member joins at least one interconnect of one of the solid oxide fuel cell stacks with a corresponding interconnect of another of the solid oxide fuel cell stacks. The invention further includes a method of fabrication.

Abstract: A plug for batteries, especially for lead storage batteries is described in which gas exchange occurs through a liquid-impermeable and gas-permeable element (2) and in which an aerosol separator (3) is arranged between the element (2) and the gas space above the electrolyte. The aerosol separator according to the invention can be a centrifugal separator, a cascade separator, or an inertial separator or consist of a combination of at least two of the aforementioned.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte battery is disclosed which has an improved volume energy density and satisfactory impact resistance, a heat radiating characteristic and producibility. The battery element is accommodated in a casing constituted by a laminate film so as to be sealed by welding. Electrode-terminal leads electrically conducted to electrodes which constitute the battery element are sandwiched by welded portions so as to be exposed to the outside portion of the casing. A control circuit of the battery is mounted on a welded portion of the casing. Since the control circuit of the battery is mounted on the welded portion of the casing, the space in the battery in which the battery element is not present can effectively be used. Therefore, the volume efficiency can considerably be improved.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic electrolyte electrochemical cell comprising at least one electrochemical couple made up of two electrodes sandwiching a solid film of porous polymer containing the electrolyte, each electrode comprising a porous layer containing an electrochemically active material and a binder, the method comprising the steps of: a polymer is put into solution in a solvent and the solution is spread in the form of a film on a support; the film of solution is immersed in a volatile non-solvent that is miscible with the solvent in order to precipitate the polymer and the polymer film is dried to eliminate the non-solvent; and the couple made up of the polymer film placed between the electrodes and in contact therewith, and impregnated with the electrolyte, is compressed while being heated to a temperature less than or equal to the temperature at which the polymer film starts to melt so as to obtain incomplete melting of the polymer, the electrodes becoming unseparable after cooling.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode both containing a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium, a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and a separator, which has at least one protective layer on the negative electrode and/or the positive electrode. The battery has a high discharge potential, satisfactory charge and discharge cycle characteristics, and high safety.

Abstract: A battery pack is provided having at least first and second battery modules, and which in one embodiment has ten modules. Each battery module includes a respective first terminal extending from one end of the module and a respective second terminal extending from the other end of the module. The battery pack further includes a conductive interface having a first opening configured to receive the first terminal of the first battery module and a second opening configured to receive the second terminal of the second battery module to thereby provide an electrical series connection. The interface electrically couples the terminals of the two battery modules. The battery pack may further include an electrically non-conductive buss terminal holder configured to receive and position the first and second battery modules and the conductive interface.

Abstract: A fuel cell has a plurality of unit cells each including electrodes sandwiching an electrolyte membrane in-between, and a plurality of separators (3) each arranged between the unit cells. Each separator (3) has a plurality of contact lugs (65, 75) facing the electrodes and contacting the electrodes at pre-set contact widths and a plurality of fluid ducts (6a, 7a) each having a space between neighboring ones of the contact lugs (65, 75) as a duct width. The contact width of the contact lugs 65 (75) on a side closer to a fluid outlet is set smaller than that of the contact lugs 65 (75) on a side closer to a fluid inlet. Diffusion of an active material in an active material containing fluid into the inside of electrodes on a downstream side of a fluid duct, that is on a side closer to a fluid outlet, is facilitated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell stack, comprising a fuel cell laminate body prepared by laminating a plurality of unit cells each having a solid polymer membrane sandwiched between electrodes and a fastening means for fastening the fuel cell laminate body in the direction of lamination of the unit cells, wherein the fastening means includes support members equipped with flanges and arranged at the upper and lower edges of the fuel cell laminate body, thin plates joined to the support members at the upper and lower end portions of the fuel cell laminate body, and fastening bolts for fastening the support members in the vertical direction of the fuel cell laminate body.

Abstract: The present invention is directed generally to an electrochemical apparatus for oxidation or consumption of a fuel, and the generation of electricity, such as, a solid electrolyte fuel cell. The electrochemical apparatus (1) comprises at least one cell (2), wherein the cell (2) has a solid electrolyte (10) disposed between an oxygen electrode (8) and a fuel electrode (12), and at least one separator (6) contacting the surface of one of the electrodes (13) opposite of the electrolyte (10). At least one electrode (13) of the cell (2) defines a micro-channel pattern (26), wherein the micro-channel cross-section is preferably varied, such that reactant gas flowing through the micro channels achieves tailored local flow, pressure, and velocity distributions.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack including bipolar plates disposed between membrane-electrode units. The stack has two end-position monopolar plates. Two current collectors and two end plates enclose the stack on opposite sides said current collectors have at least one collector passage hole with a port end face. The stack includes at least one connection port and substantially annular sealing elements. The two end plates have at least one end plate passage hole communicating with the at least one connection port and the at least one collector passage hole. The sealing elements each have an opening. A single sealing element completely seals the transporting of media between the end face of a connection port and the end-position media-carrying plate by being disposed in the passage holes in the end plate and the current collector for transporting the reaction and cooling media to and from the opening in the adjoining end-position plate.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte includes a self-doped microphase separated block copolymer including at least one ionically conductive block and at least one second block that is immiscible in the ionically conductive block, an anion immobilized on the polymer electrolyte and a cationic species. The ionically conductive block provides a continuous ionically conductive pathway through the electrolyte. The electrolyte may be used as an electrolyte in an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A plurality of nail current collector members are useful in the gas flow passages of an electrochemical device to optimize the active surfaces of the device and to provide structural support. In addition, the thicknesses of cathode and anode layers within the electrochemical device are varied according to current flow through the device to reduce resistance and increase operating efficiency.

Abstract: A coin type non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a structure that a pellet for forming a negative electrode accommodated in a can of the negative electrode and a pellet for forming a positive electrode accommodated in a can of the positive electrode are stacked to face each other through a separator and the cans of the two electrodes are caulked through a gasket so that the battery is sealed. The gasket has an outer annular portion held between the two cans and an inner annular portion facing the inside portion of the battery. A projection for supporting the pellet for forming the positive electrode is formed at a position of the inner surface of the inner annular portion opposite to the pellet for forming the positive electrode.

Abstract: A small scale ceramic fuel cell system to which fuel gas is supplied through an injector which draws ambient air into the system. The air/fuel gas mixture is passed through a catalytic oxidation device which is thereby heated and heats a fuel cell. Air and fuel gas react at the fuel cell to generate an electrical output.