Abstract: A process for the absorbing of a hot, dry gas stream of sulfur trioxide (SO3) in a stream of strong sulfuric acid. The process includes the steps of passing the hot, dry gas stream of SO3 into a sulfuric acid absorption tower above a packed bed held within the tower and below a liquid collection floor. A stream of strong sulfuric acid is introduced into the tower above the packed bed and allowed to pass cocurrently downwardly through the packed bed with the stream of SO3, thereby allowing the SO3 to be absorbed in the stream of strong sulfuric acid. The resulting concentrated sulfuric acid passes through a packing support into a lower plenum and the spent gas is fed upwardly through a gas conduit to an upper plenum located above the liquid collection floor and from there through a mist eliminator.

Abstract: Foliar fertilizer compositions and methods for their use are provided. The subject compositions are aqueous solutions of at least one coenzyme, where the coenzyme(s) is preferably a vitamin B, and more preferably folic acid and/or pyridoxine, where in many preferred embodiments the compositions include both folic acid and pyridoxine. The subject compositions may further include at least one of a carbohydrate source, a complexing agent and a preservative. The subject foliar fertilizer compositions find use in enhancing the growth of a variety of plants through foliar application.

Abstract: A floral foam which contains nutrients an preservatives for cut flowers is described, which floral foam has been pre-injected with nutrients and preservatives in an amount of 8-12 g per dm.sup.3 water which can be absorbed by the foam. A method for the production of such a floral foam is also described. The floral foam is pre-injected with 10-30 ml of a solution containing nutrients and preservatives per dm.sup.3 water which can be absorbed by the floral foam.

Abstract: Metal cyanide suitable for shipment is prepared by introducing an aqueous metal cyanide feed stream to a crystallizer to form a slurry of metal cyanide crystals in their mother liquor. The crystallization step occurs at a temperature between 30.degree. C. and 70.degree. C., and preferably between 50.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C. The metal cyanide crystals are separated from their mother liquor to form a wet cake product containing from about 75 to 98 wt. % anhydrous metal cyanide crystals, from about 4 to 24 wt. % water, and from about 1 to 5 wt. % of metal hydroxide. The wet cake product is placed into a shipping container for shipment to a desired location. A metal cyanide solution is prepared by dissolving the wet cake product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of granulates by fluidized bed spray granulation and to a device for this purpose. Liquid starting materials may be converted into granulates by fluidized bed spray granulation. In order to ensure elevated material throughput, numerous nozzles, which are moreover susceptible to plugging and encrustation, must be installed.The disadvantages of known processes may be overcome according to the invention by arranging at least two spray nozzles at least partially directed towards each other in such a manner and the quantity of spray is adjusted in such a manner that their spray jets collide within the fluidized bed and substantially no liquid strike-through occurs onto a surface delimiting the fluidized bed or out of the fluidized bed. The spray jets of two spray nozzles directed towards each other collide frontally or enclose an angle of less than 180.degree.; the angle is preferably between 150.degree. and 180.degree..

Abstract: A composition for converting asbestos-containing material, covering metal pipes or other metal surfaces, to non-regulated, environmentally benign-materials, and inhibiting the corrosion of the metal pipes or other metal surfaces. The composition comprises a combination of at least two multiple-functional group reagents, in which each reagent includes a Fluro acid component and a corrosion inhibiting compoment. A method for converting asbestos-containing material, covering metal pipes or other metal surfaces, to non-regulated, environmentally benign-materials, and inhibiting the corrosion of the metal pipes or other metal surfaces is also provided.

Abstract: Processes for use of a controlled continuous high pressure multiple reactant streams flowing into a chemical mixer/reactor. Individual reactant streams are pressurized to about 8,000 to 50,000 psi and achieve velocities up to about 250 meters/second in the final stage of the chemical mixer/reactor.

Abstract: A catalytic composition and method of making the same in which a catalytic material has an average pore size distribution sufficiently large to substantially prevent capillary condensation.

Abstract: The present invention provides thermal oxidizers containing improved preheating designs and processes for improving the preheating of thermal oxidizers. The processes are practiced by preheating the matrix-bed of matrix materials in a flow path that is opposite in direction to the flow path for the processing fluids through the matrix bed. In such a process, there is a substantial reduction in the time and energy required for the preheating of the matrix bed in comparison to the prior processes using same flow direction preheating.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing barnyard manure using sewage and night-soil sludge for use in farmlands and flower gardens so as to prevent secondary contamination of the environment quickly, at a low cost, and with high efficiency.

Abstract: Energetic materials, such as nitrocellulose, TNT, RDX, and combinations thereof, optionally in combination with chemical warfare agents, such as mustard gas, Lewisite, Tabun, Sarin, Toman, VX, and combinations thereof, are destroyed when chemically reacted according to the method of the invention. The method comprises reacting the energetic materials and chemical warfare agents, of present, with solvated electrons which are preferably produced by dissolving an active metal such as sodium in a nitrogenous base such as anhydrous liquid ammonia.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst having excellent capability of removing organic halogen compounds such as dioxins, a method for preparing the catalyst, and a method for removing organic halogen compounds using the catalyst. A catalyst for removing organic halogen compounds comprises titanium oxide as a catalyst component and has pores including a group of pores having a pore diameter distribution peak in a range of 0.01 to 0.05 gm and another group of pores having a pore diameter distribution peak in a range of 0.1 to 0.8 .mu.m. Another catalyst for removing organic halogen compounds comprises titanium oxide and a titanium-silicon composite oxide as catalyst components and has pores including a group of pores having a pore diameter distribution peak in a range of 0.01 to 0.05 .mu.m and another group of pores having a pore diameter distribution peak in a range of 0.8 to 4 .mu.m.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the removal of sulfur oxides from gas or vapor media containing oxygen and H.sub.2 O by contacting the media with a catalytically-active carbonaceous char. The improvement is provided by the use of a catalytically-active carbonaceous char prepared by low-temperature carbonization and oxidation of a bituminous coal or bituminous material at temperatures below 700.degree. C., followed by contact of the carbonized, oxidized char with one or more nitrogen-containing compounds at a temperature which is stable at, or is increasing to, temperatures less than 700.degree. C., and then increasing the temperature of the resultant material to or above 700.degree. C.

Abstract: A new method for the production of decorative designs on substrates, e.g., furniture and building walls, basically includes the steps of (a) providing a design printed on a flat release sheet, the design comprising a picture side in contact with the release surface and an exposed back side, (b) applying to an exposed surface of a substrate an imprint layer of imprint material, (c) contacting the exposed back side of the printed design with the external surface of the substrate layer, (d) imprinting the design into the substrate layer, and (e) removing the release sheet leaving the design imprinted in the layer with its picture side exposed. Alternatively, the method may include the step (f) of covering the picture side and any portion of the substrate imprint layer not covered by the design with a clear durable coating. An embodiment using two or more designs on separate release sheets with seriatim imprinting to produce dimensional effects is disclosed.

Abstract: A gas conversion process comprising synthesis gas production, hydrocarbon synthesis and hydrogen production from the synthesis gas, also includes hydrodesulfurizing sulfur-containing hydrocarbon liquids separated from a mixture of natural gas and the liquids produced from a gas well. Hydrogen produced from the synthesis gas is used for the hydrodesulfurization, to remove at least a portion of the sulfur as H.sub.2 S and form desulfurized hydrocarbon liquid. The hydrogen is produced from the synthesis gas by one or more of (i) physical separation means such as pressure swing adsorption and (ii) chemical means such as a water gas shift reactor. The synthesized hydrocarbons are upgraded by hydroconversion. A portion of the hydrogen produced from the synthesis gas may also be used for at least one of (i) hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst rejuvenation and the hydroconversion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of crystalline sodium silicates having a sheet structure and high .delta. phase content from water glass, which has been prepared hydrothermally, by dehydration of the water glass and subsequent crystallization at elevated temperature, which comprises treating the water glass at temperatures of from 50 to 140.degree. C. prior to dehydration.

Abstract: For the production of a catalyst body for the catalytic treatment of gas, in particular for the purification of exhaust gas, flat and corrugated sheet metal members having a metallic core and coatings are formed, which coatings comprise a nonmetallic wash coat and at least one catalytically active noble metal. A packet comprising sheet metal members having coatings is then arranged between two walls of a sleeve. Thereafter, each edge of each sheet metal member, which edge faces one of the two walls, is welded to the relevant wall in at least one edge segment. The sheet metal members adjacent to one another then together bound passages for the exhaust gas. This production process makes it possible, even in the case of small cross-sectional dimensions of the passages, to apply uniform coatings to the entire surfaces of the sheet metal members, said surfaces bounding the passages.

Abstract: A method for scrubbing flue gases of furnaces includes subjecting the flue gases with addition of activated carbon particles to wet scrubbing in a wet scrubbing device. Activated carbon particles are mixed with particles of at least one compound selected from slaked lime and limestone to produce a particle mixture that is introduced into the flue gases upstream of a flue gas heat exchanger that is positioned upstream of the wet scrubbing device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for concentrating sulphuric acids with concentrations of 90% to 98% H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and temperatures of 160.degree. C. to 270.degree. C. into sulphuric acid with concentrations of 96% to 98.8% H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 by contacting the acid countercurrently in a packed tower with hot air or with hot process gas containing up to 6% SO.sub.3 and up to 30% H.sub.2 O and with inlet temperatures to the tower of 350.degree. C to 600.degree. C. The H.sub.2 O and H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 evaporated in the tower is contained in a stream of offgas from which the H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 thereafter is removed by controlled condensation The invention relates, in particular, to concentrating the product acid from wet gas sulphuric acid plants in which condensation of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 takes place in the presence of excess H.sub.2 O in the process gas in air cooled, vertical glass tubes.

Abstract: A process for treating precious metal tailing slurries with Caro's acid, in which the Caro's acid is accompanied by reduced amounts of Caro's acid mist, is disclosed. The hot Caro's acid-containing mixture, formed by reaction of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, is quenched with water to reduce or eliminate the Caro's acid mist. The resulting cooled and diluted mixture is introduced into a precious metal tailings slurry to reduce the amount of cyanide values in the slurry.