Abstract: A system and method to correct for height error during a robotic additive manufacturing process. One or both of an output current, output voltage, output power, output circuit impedance and a wire feed speed are sampled during an additive manufacturing process when creating a current layer. A plurality of instantaneous contact tip-to-work distances (CTWD's) are determined based on at least one or both of the output current, output voltage, output power, output circuit impedance and the wire feed speed. An average CTWD is determined based on the plurality of instantaneous CTWD's. A correction factor is generated, based on at least the average CTWD, which is used to compensate for any error in height of the current layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for the real time inspection of additive manufacturing deposits using infrared thermography. Various embodiments may enable the measurement of material properties and the detection of defects during the additive manufacturing process. Various embodiments may enable the characterization of deposition quality, as well as the detection of deposition defects, such as voids, cracks, disbonds, etc., as a structure is manufactured layer by layer in an additive manufacturing process. Various embodiments may enable quantitative inspection images to be archived and associated with the manufactured structure to document the manufactured structure's structural integrity.

Abstract: A tool for laser beam processing is provided. The tool includes an upper tool and a lower tool, which are able to be advanced toward one another by way of a press, such that at least one component is able to be fixed in a predefined position between the upper tool and the lower tool. At least one laser beam exit surface, which is part of an inner surface of the upper tool or lower tool, and at least one laser beam guide, into which laser radiation is able to be coupled and is able to be directed through the laser beam exit surface onto a processing location on the component are provided. A control device, which enables and/or disables the coupling of laser radiation into the at least one laser beam guide depending on the advancing movement between upper tool and lower tool is provided. Furthermore, a laser beam processing apparatus and a method for laser beam processing are also provided.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to systems for laser cutting at least one glass article comprising a pulsed laser assembly and a glass support assembly configured to support the glass article during laser cutting within the pulsed laser assembly, wherein the pulsed laser assembly comprises at least one non-diffracting beam (NDB) forming optical element configured to convert an input beam into a quasi-NDB beam; and at least one beam transforming element configured to convert the quasi-NDB beam into multiple quasi-NDB sub-beams spaced apart a distance of about 1 ?m to about 500 ?m; wherein the pulsed laser assembly is oriented to deliver one or more pulses of multiple quasi-NDB sub-beams onto a surface of the glass article, wherein each pulse of multiple quasi-NDB sub-beams is operable to cut a plurality of perforations in the glass article.

Abstract: A liquid supply mechanism disposed over a holding unit of laser processing apparatus includes a liquid chamber having a circular-disc-shaped transparent plate positioned to form a gap between the circular-disc-shaped transparent plate and an upper surface of the workpiece held by the holding table, a liquid supply nozzle that supplies a liquid from one side of the liquid chamber to the gap, a liquid discharge nozzle that discharges the liquid from the other side of the liquid chamber, and a rotation mechanism that rotates the circular-disc-shaped transparent plate and generates a flow velocity in the liquid supplied to the gap. The laser beam irradiation unit includes a laser oscillator that emits a laser beam and a condenser that condenses the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator and irradiates the workpiece with the laser beam transmitted through the transparent plate and the liquid supplied to the gap.

Abstract: A method of creating a burst groove in a burst member is provided. The burst groove following a path, wherein: the groove is created in a plurality of laser scoring stages which are performed in succession to thereby successively increase the depth of the burst groove during each stage; each laser scoring stage involving laser scoring the burst member along at least a portion of the path. The laser scoring in each stage involves laser-energizing a respective region of the burst member with a respective energization width measured perpendicular to the path. In at least one stage the energization width is smaller than the energization width in the immediately preceding stage.

Abstract: A wire electric discharge machining apparatus includes upper and lower wire guide units including wire guides configured to position and guide a wire electrode and a jet nozzle configured to supply a jet flow coaxially with the wire electrode, and a core holding pad having a through-hole passing therethrough in an upward/downward direction, and in which a plurality of protrusion sections having an equal distance from upper surfaces thereof to a lower surface of the workpiece are formed. The core holding pad is disposed on the lower wire guide unit such that the core holding pad approaches the lower surface of the workpiece as closely as possible.

Abstract: A welding electrode includes a weld face that has a convex base weld face surface and a plurality of ringed ridges that are radially spaced apart on the base weld face surface and surround a central weld face axis. The plurality of ringed ridges including an innermost ringed ridge and an outermost ringed ridge. The innermost ringed ridge is located closest to the central weld face axis and rises above a central portion of the base weld face surface, and the outermost ringed ridge is located farthest from the central weld face axis and rises above an outer peripheral portion of the base weld face surface. At least one of the plurality of ringed ridges is a discontinuous ringed ridge.

Abstract: Laser lift off systems and methods overlap irradiation zones to provide multiple pulses of laser irradiation per location at the interface between layers of material to be separated. To overlap irradiation zones, the laser lift off systems and methods provide stepwise relative movement between a pulsed laser beam and a workpiece. The laser irradiation may be provided by a non-homogeneous laser beam with a smooth spatial distribution of energy across the beam profile. The pulses of laser irradiation from the non-homogenous beam may irradiate the overlapping irradiation zones such that each of the locations at the interface is exposed to different portions of the non-homogeneous beam for each of the multiple pulses of the laser irradiation, thereby resulting in self-homogenization. Thus, the number of the multiple pulses of laser irradiation per location is generally sufficient to provide the self-homogenization and to separate the layers of material.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus, systems and methods relate to the design principles for forming a welded joint between two sections of tubing or pipe. The material at the end portion of a first section of tubing to is folded inwardly to create a support surface. This support surface improves the ability to weld light gage material with traditional arc welding and it creates conditions to allow brazing to be as strong as traditional arc welding by using A shaped piece of filler material which is located at the intersection between the support surface of the first section of tubing and a side wall section of the second section of tubing. While holding together the first and second sections of tubing with the filler material, heat is applied at the intersection at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to melt the filler material and form the 3t joint.

Abstract: In thin sheet welding, when a heat input amount relative to a sheet thickness is too large, a welding defect such as a deviation from aim due to occurrence of a strain or burn through may easily occur. When a welding current is decreased to reduce the heat input amount, there is an issue in which an arc tends to become unstable. In arc welding in which short-circuit and arcing are repeated, first heat input period (Th) and second heat input period (Tc) having a heat input amount less than that of first heat input period (Th) are periodically repeated and a welding current during an arc period in second heat input period (Tc) is decreased to extinguish the arc. This reduces the heat input amount into a welding object and suppresses burn through or a strain upon welding, while making the arc stable.

Abstract: According to a laser cutting method, a processed part is laser-cut so that the processed part doesn't drop off from a sheet-shaped workpiece. In the laser cutting method, a cut slit of a pressing protrusion, which is curved due to a laser cutting process along an outline of the processed part and then presses a peripheral surface of the processed part, is preliminarily formed around the processed part to be cut out from the workpiece. Then, the laser cutting process is carried out along the outline of the processed part. The pressing protrusion curves toward the processed part due to the laser cutting process of the processed part, and then the processed part is retained by the pressing protrusion.

Abstract: A vehicular differential device includes a differential case, a ring gear, and a welded portion positioned on an abutting surface where the differential case and the ring gear are in contact with each other. The welded portion is configured to join the differential case and the ring gear for integral rotation of the differential case and the ring gear around a rotation axis of the vehicular differential device. The welded portion includes a plurality of welding surfaces positioned at predetermined intervals along a circumferential direction around the rotation axis.

Abstract: A method for modifying an aperture in a component, a system for modifying flow through a component, and a turbine component are disclosed. The method includes providing a substrate having at least one aperture having an electrically-conductive surface, providing a deposition device including an ESD torch, the ESD torch including an aperture penetrating electrode including a conductive material, inserting the aperture penetrating electrode at least partially into the aperture, and generating an arc between the aperture penetrating electrode and the electrically-conductive surface to deposit electrode material within the aperture. The system includes the ESD torch removably supported in an electrode holder. The turbine component includes at least one aperture having an electrospark deposited material along an electrically-conductive surface, the electrospark deposited material providing modified fluid flow through the turbine component.

Abstract: An electric discharge machine is configured to perform electric discharge machining on a workpiece in a working fluid stored in a work-pan. The electric discharge machine includes: a measurement piping coupled to the work-pan and having an air space inside; a pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure of the air space; and a working fluid supply portion configured to supply the working fluid to the measurement piping.

Abstract: A monitoring device for monitoring an operation condition of a machine tool includes: an information acquiring section that acquires event information generated by operation of the machine tool and state information of the machine tool; a judging section that when, after generation of the event information, there has occurred a predetermined change of state of the machine tool corresponding to content indicated by the event information, judges whether or not the content indicated by the event information has been resolved, based on the event information and the state information; and a notifying section that, in the case where when there has occurred the predetermined change of state of the machine tool corresponding to the content indicated by the event information, it has been judged that the content indicated by the event information has not been resolved, re-notifies of the generated event information.

Abstract: A wire guide device of a wire electrical discharge machine includes a first roller shaft, a first wire guide roller provided at an end of the first roller shaft, a second roller shaft, and a second wire guide roller provided at an end of the second roller shaft and having an end face in an axial direction provided to face an end face of the first wire guide roller in the axial direction. The first wire guide roller and the second wire guide roller have a conical surface and a conical surface with which a wire electrode is in contact.

Abstract: A method for the gap-free joining of two workpieces is provided. The method comprises the following steps: a. the workpieces to be joined are brought into contact with one another so that a joining point is formed, b. the joining point is geometrically fixed by means of a film, c. the workpieces are joined in a gap-free manner, wherein the step a. and the step b. can be interchanged.

Abstract: A welding current source (1) having a housing (10) formed from metallic material, a welding inverter (50), a digital, electronic welding process computation unit (20) and a man-machine interface device (30), wherein the welding process computation unit (20) is set up to actuate the welding inverter (50), wherein the welding process computation unit (20) and the welding inverter (50) are arranged in the housing (10) and the man-machine interface device (30) is mounted on the welding current source (1) outside the housing (10), wherein the welding current source (1) additionally has a digital, electronic man-machine computation unit (40) mounted on the welding current source (1) outside the housing (10), and wherein the man-machine interface device (30) is connected to the man-machine computation unit (40), and wherein the man-machine computation unit (40) and the welding process computation unit (20) are networked to one another via a communication link (60) and form a computer network.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of alloys which can be particularly advantageous in twin wire arc spray methods for coating of a substrate. In some embodiments, a plurality of alloys can be used to form both hard and soft particles on a surface. In some embodiments, chromium can be minimized or eliminated.