Abstract: In an optical system according to each exemplary embodiment, an interval between adjacent lens units changes in focusing from an infinite-distance object to a close-distance object, and a first in-focus state in which ?=?1.2 is obtained can be caused, where ? is a lateral magnification of an entire system. The optical system according to each exemplary embodiment includes a plurality of focus lens units, and out of a focus lens unit having a largest absolute value of a focus sensitivity and a focus lens unit having a second largest absolute value of a focus sensitivity in a state in which focus is put on an infinite-distance object, a focus lens unit disposed on an object side is a lens unit LA, and a focus lens unit disposed on an image side is a lens unit LB. A partial optical system LC including all lenses disposed on the image side of the lens unit LB has negative refractive power. The partial optical system LC satisfies a predetermined conditional expression.

Abstract: A photographing system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element and a seventh lens element with refractive power. The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in paraxial region. The second lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in paraxial region. The third, fourth and fifth lens elements all have refractive powers. The sixth lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in paraxial region, wherein the image-side surface has at least one convex shape in off-axis region, and both of two surfaces are aspheric. The seventh lens element with refractive power has an object-side surface being concave in paraxial region, and both of two surfaces are aspheric.

Abstract: To provide a wide-angle lens having a four-group, five-lens configuration and capable of increasing an angle while maintaining productivity of a second lens and an object-to-image distance of an entire lens system is reduced. A wide-angle lens has a four-group, five-lens configuration. A second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens are plastic lenses, and the fourth lens and the fifth lens constitute a cemented lens. A refractive index n1 of the first lens is 1.839, which satisfies the following conditional expression (1), 1.800<n1??Conditional expression (1), As a ratio between a focal length f2 of the second lens and a focal length f0 of an entire lens system, f2/f0 is ?2.680, and satisfies the following conditional expression (2), ?3.000<f2/f0<?2.500??Conditional expression (2).

Abstract: A filter assembly includes an incident medium, a spacer, at least one dielectric filter and an exit medium. The spacer is arranged between the incident medium and the at least one dielectric filter such that the incident medium and the at least one dielectric filter are spaced apart by a working distance and thereby enclose a medium of lower index of refraction than the incident medium. The at least one dielectric filter is arranged on the exit medium.

Abstract: A laser beam shaping system includes at least one doped medium which is doped with a dopant and which is optically transparent at the first wavelength range and a beam input or coupling configured to generate or receive a shaped beam that is required to be shaped, the shaped beam being at a first wavelength range and directed towards the doped medium. The system includes an absorbed beam input or coupling configured to generate or receive at least one absorbed beam at a second wavelength range which is different from the first wavelength range and which is directed towards the doped medium. The doped medium has a higher beam absorption characteristic at the second wavelength range than at the first wavelength range, causing the absorbed beam to have a higher absorption than the shaped beam in the doped medium. The doped medium has a coating which allows high transmission of both the first and the second wavelength ranges.

Abstract: The objective lens for an endoscope consists of, in order from an object side, a first lens group consisting of one negative lens, a second lens group consisting of two lenses cemented together, a stop, a third lens group consisting of two lenses that have refractive powers with different signs and are cemented together, and a fourth lens group consisting of two lenses that have refractive powers with different signs and are cemented together. The objective lens for an endoscope satisfies a predetermined conditional expression regarding an Abbe number, a length of a lens system, and the like.

Abstract: An image capturing lens assembly includes seven lens elements, which are, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical path, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element and a seventh lens element. Each of the seven lens elements has an object-side surface towards the object side and an image-side surface towards the image side. The second lens element with positive refractive power has the object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element with positive refractive power has the image-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element has positive refractive power. The seventh lens element has the image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof.

Abstract: A probe for performing endomicroscopy, including: a light source; a waveguide coupled to the light source; a diffraction grating, the waveguide directing light from the light source to the diffraction grating; and a lens having a first aspheric surface and a second biconic surface, diffracted light from the diffraction grating being directed into the aspheric surface of the lens and being emitted from the biconic surface of the lens towards a transparent cylindrical surface of the probe.

Abstract: A spectacle mount is described, comprising a front frame (2) with lateral lugs (4) and respective rods (5), each rod-lug pair comprising a first and a second articulation element (6, 7) and an insert (12) constrained to the first articulation element (6), a recess (17) being defined in the insert (12) and intended to receive, at least partially, a head (11) of the second articulation element (7) during the movement relative to the first articulation element (6), a shoulder surface (22) defined on the insert (12) being able to contact the head (11) during the articulation movement, so that the second articulation element (7) is movable from and towards open and closed positions of the rod on the mount, in a guided and contacted manner between the insert (12) and the first articulation element (6), to achieve a hinge movement between the lug (4) and the rod (5).

Abstract: An endoscope objective optical system includes in order from an object side, a front group having a positive refractive power, an aperture stop, and a rear group having a positive refractive power. The front group includes a negative lens which nearest to object, a rear group includes a positive lens which is nearest to image, and the endoscope objective optical system satisfies following conditional expressions (1??), (2) and (3??). ?15.0<ff/f1<?4.2??(1??) ?1.70<f1/f<?0.95??(2) 0.6<g1/g2<1.20??(3??) where, ff denotes a focal length of the positive lens, f1 denotes a focal length of the negative lens, f denotes a focal length of the overall endoscope objective optical system, g1 denotes a focal length of the front group, and g2 denotes a focal length of the rear group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a selective diffractive grating and applications thereof. The grating comprised in a periodic alternating pattern first material having a first dispersion curve (n1), and second material having a second dispersion curve (n2) different from the first dispersion curve (n1). According to the invention, the first and second dispersion curves (n?i, n 2) intersect each other at two or more different wavelengths (?1 ?2).

Abstract: An optical imaging lens system includes eight lens elements which are, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical path: a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element, a seventh lens element and an eighth lens element. Each of the eight lens elements has an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. The eighth lens element has negative refractive power. The object-side surface of the eighth lens element is convex in a paraxial region thereof. The image-side surface of the eighth lens element is concave in a paraxial region thereof and has at least one critical point in an off-axis region thereof. A total number of lens elements in the optical imaging lens system is eight.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses an optical imaging system. The optical imaging system includes, sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens. The first lens has a focal power, and an object side surface thereof is a convex surface; the second lens has a focal power; the third lens has a focal power, and an image side surface thereof is a convex surface; the fourth lens has a focal power, an object side surface thereof is a convex surface, and an image side surface thereof is a concave surface; the fifth lens has a positive focal power, and an object side surface thereof is a convex surface; and the sixth lens has a negative focal power, and an object side surface thereof is a concave face.

Abstract: An optical lens is provided. The optical lens includes a first lens element to a fifth lens element sequentially arranged from a light incident side to a light exit side. An image generation device is disposed at the light incident side, and the optical lens is configured to receive an image beam provided by the image generation device. The image beam forms a stop at the light exit side. The stop has a minimum cross-sectional area of beam shrinkage of the image beam. The optical lens provided by the invention exhibits good optical quality and thermal stability.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes six lens elements which are, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical path: a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element and a sixth lens element. Each of the six lens elements has an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. The first lens element has negative refractive power, and the object-side surface of the first lens element is concave in a paraxial region thereof. The image-side surface of the second lens element is concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element has negative refractive power. The image-side surface of the sixth lens element is concave in a paraxial region thereof and has at least one critical point in an off-axis region thereof.

Abstract: An electrochromic device, system using, and method for, which may pre-activate a buffer is disclosed. The electrochromic device may comprise a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrochromic medium. The second substrate may be disposed in apart relationship with the first substrate. The first and second electrodes may be associated with the first and second substrates, respectively. The electrochromic medium may be disposed between the first and second electrodes. Further, the electrochromic medium may comprise electrochromic materials and a redox buffer. Each of the electrochromic materials and the buffer may be operable between activated and deactivated states. The electrochromic device may be configured to apply a voltage to substantially pre-activate the buffer and hold the buffer in this state prior to substantially activating the electrochromic materials, thereby decreasing the response time of the electrochromic device upon activation.

Abstract: A zoom lens ZL includes: a first lens unit L1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit L2 having a negative refractive power, and a third lens unit L3 having a positive refractive power, an N?1th lens unit, and an Nth lens unit, the lens units being arranged in order from an object side to an image side. The N?1th lens unit and the Nth lens unit are located on the image side with respect to an aperture stop SP.

Abstract: A projection lens system is a projection lens system including a plurality of lens groups, the plurality of lens groups each including one or more lenses and moving such that an interval between the lens groups changes during a zooming action, the projection lens system including a first lens group disposed closest to a magnification side, the first lens group having positive power, wherein the first lens group includes one negative lens satisfying 0.0005<?pgfn<0.01 and 32<vdn<45.

Abstract: An optical image capturing lens assembly includes five lens elements, the five lens elements being, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical path, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element, each of the five lens elements has an object-side surface towards the object side and an image-side surface towards the image side. The first lens element has negative refractive power. The second lens element has the image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element with positive refractive power has the image-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element has the object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof and the image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof.

Abstract: An optical camera lens including a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side. The first lens has a positive refractive power, and includes a first object side surface and a first image side surface opposite to the first object side surface. The second lens has a negative refractive power, and includes a second object side surface and a second image side surface opposite to the second object side surface, wherein the second image side surface is concave. The third lens has a positive refractive power, and includes a third object side surface and a third image side surface opposite to the third object side surface, wherein both the third object side surface and the third image side surface are convex. The optical camera lens satisfies the following condition: 2<(f+BFL)/OD1<7.