Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor having pixels, each pixel having photodiodes having each a terminal coupled to a first node associated with the photodiode; and an amplifier having a first part and, for each photodiode, a second part associated with the photodiode. The first part includes an output of the amplifier and a first MOS transistor of a differential pair. Each second part includes a second MOS transistor of the differential pair having its gate coupled to the first node associated with the photodiode the second part is associated with; a first switch coupling a source of the second transistor to the first part of the amplifier; and a second switch coupling a drain of the second transistor to the first part of the amplifier.

Abstract: This application discloses a LiDAR and a mobile device, where LiDAR includes a lens and a photonic chip, an optical axis of the lens extends along a first preset direction; the photonic chip and the lens are spaced apart along the first preset direction, the photonic chip includes a cladding layer and multiple receiving waveguide core layers, all the receiving waveguide core layers are located at an end of the cladding layer that is closer to the lens and are spaced apart along a second preset direction, each receiving waveguide core layer has a first end surface and a second end surface opposite to each other, the first end surface is closer to the lens than the second end surface; and there is a distance between a first end surface of at least one receiving waveguide core layer and a focal plane of the lens.

Abstract: An electrical optical isolation circuit and device characterized by a light source, a light-sensitive sensor, and a variable shield between the light source and the light-sensitive sensor, the variable shield being adjustable after assembly of the electrical circuit, and the variable shield adjustment providing attenuation of the electrical circuit output.

Abstract: A merged frame-based and event-based image sensor pixel is provided, comprising a reverse-biased photodiode; a frame-based signal readout circuit connected to a cathode of the photodiode; and an event-based signal readout circuit connected to an anode of the photodiode. Light received in the photodiode causes the production of electrons and holes. The recombination current of the holes is continuously measured for producing the event-based signal.

Abstract: A method of counting photons using a plurality of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs), including initiating a detection phase, enabling each single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) of the plurality of SPADs for a period of time within the detection phase, accumulating a SPAD event from each SPAD of the plurality of SPADs, wherein each SPAD event corresponds to a detection of a single photon, determining a counter code at an end of the detection phase, where the counter code corresponds to accumulated SPAD events, and enabling one or more SPADs of the plurality of SPADs within an exposure phase based on the counter code, where the counter code is greater than an expected number of the SPAD events during the exposure phase, and where the expected number of SPAD events during the exposure phase is based on the counter code that is determined at the end of the detection phase.

Abstract: A superconducting single-photon detection system includes: a plurality of optical transmission paths through each of which a photon emitted from a light source is transmitted; a plurality of superconducting single-photon detectors (hereinafter referred to as “SSPDs”) that are independent of each other and in one-to-one correspondence with the optical transmission paths; and a superconducting logic circuit that multiplexes first pulse signals output from the SSPDs. A photon entry time at which the photon enters each of the SSPDs through a corresponding one of the optical transmission paths is different for each of the optical transmission paths, and a difference in the photon entry time between the optical transmission paths is greater than a pulse width of a corresponding one of second pulse signals output from the superconducting logic circuit.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for performing projective measurements combining continuous-variable quadrature and discrete photon-number-basis detections on bosonic quantum modes. Some embodiments use single-photon detectors to perform photon subtraction on a bosonic mode propagating along a waveguide prior to field measurements with homodyne detection. Methods of implementation and specific applications for quantum computation, Gaussian boson sampling, and full quantum state tomography are also disclosed.

Abstract: A solar tracking system includes a database to store data associated with a solar field comprising physical location parameters of each of a set of solar panels. The physical location parameters can include a relative row-to-row height and spacing of the solar panels. The system also includes a parameter aggregation tool to aggregate the physical location parameters to generate aggregate time-based output power data associated with the solar field based on geolocation data associated with the solar field. The system also includes a solar tracking tool to generate a solar tracking control scheme for the solar field based on the aggregate time-based output power data, the geolocation data associated with the solar field, and a row-to-row backtracking constraint. The set of solar panels of the solar field can implement solar tracking based on the solar tracking scheme.

Abstract: A sensing device 1 includes a light detection sensor that includes a lower electrode, an organic layer provided above the lower electrode, and an upper electrode provided above the organic layer, a sealing structure that includes at least a first inorganic layer provided above the light detection sensor and a first resin layer provided above the first inorganic layer, and an optical filter that is provided above the light detection sensor and blocks a part of light incident on the light detection sensor using at least one of the first inorganic layer or the first resin layer as a layer thickness adjustment layer. An end portion of the first inorganic layer is positioned outward of an end portion of the organic layer.

Abstract: A technique allows outputting light reception results of a sensor to an external device with a reduced volume of data while maintaining the features of the results. An input/output device receives light reception results of the sensor and outputs the results to the external device. The sensor includes light receivers to receive light emitted from light emitters. The input/output device has a smaller maximum volume of data transmittable per unit time in communicating with the external device than in communicating with the sensor. The input/output device includes an obtainer that obtains the light reception results, an analyzer that analyzes the light reception results and detects a boundary between a portion of the sensor that has received light and a portion of the sensor that has received no light, and an output unit that outputs data indicating a position of the boundary detected by the analyzer to the external device.

Abstract: An optical sensing device is provided. The optical sensing device includes an optical sensing element and a detection circuit. The optical sensing element senses an incident photon and generates a sensing signal. The detection circuit detects a pulse width of the sensing signal, and generates a reset signal when the pulse width is larger than a threshold value. Thereby, the optical sensing device is reset according to the reset signal and a dynamic range of the optical sensing device under strong ambient light will be further improved.

Abstract: An illustrative optical measurement system includes a light source configured to emit a light pulse directed at a target. The optical measurement system further includes a control circuit configured to drive the light source with a current pulse comprising a non-linear rise, and a decline from a maximum output to zero having a duration within a threshold percentage of a total pulse duration of the current pulse.

Abstract: A survey system is provided which includes a surveying instrument capable of performing distance and angle measurements of a target attached to a pole, a controller as a glove-shaped wearable device to be worn on a hand of a worker, and configured to transmit commands to the surveying instrument from an input unit for inputting commands, and an eyewear device capable of performing display superimposed on a landscape. Measurement points are displayed by being synchronized with and superimposed on a landscape of a survey site on the eyewear device, and by inputting a command by a worker from the glove-shaped controller that the worker wears into the surveying instrument while the worker grips the pole, distance and angle measurements of the target are made. Unnecessary turning of gaze and hand movements are omitted, and a survey work can be efficiently performed by the worker alone.

Abstract: A method of depositing material over a sample in a deposition region of the sample with a charged particle beam column, the method comprising: positioning a sample within a vacuum chamber such that the deposition region is under a field of view of the charged particle beam column; cooling the deposition region by contacting the sample with a cyro-nanomanipulator tool in an area adjacent to the deposition region; injecting a deposition precursor gas into the vacuum chamber at a location adjacent to the deposition region; generating a charged particle beam with a charged particle beam column and focusing the charged particle beam on the sample; and scanning the focused electron beam across the localized region of the sample to activate molecules of the deposition gas that have adhered to the sample surface in the deposition region and deposit material on the sample within the deposition region.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method and apparatus for extracting an avalanche signal.

Abstract: A light microscope has a light source for illuminating a specimen, a sensor array comprised of photon-counting detector elements for measuring detection light coming from the specimen, and a control device for controlling the sensor array. The control device is configured for flexibly binning the photon-counting detector elements into one or more super-pixels.

Abstract: An ambient light cancellation circuit functions as a Kth-order filter to filter out an ambient light signal of the detection signal, wherein the K is not fewer than two. The circuit includes a capacitive transimpedance amplifying circuit including an amplifier, a capacitor circuit, and a switch circuit. The capacitor circuit includes one or more capacitive paths coupled in parallel. The switch circuit couples the amplifier with the capacitor circuit in a non-cross manner or a cross manner. The non-cross manner is applied N times to let the capacitor circuit sample the detection signal N times while the detection signal includes a controllable-light signal and the ambient light signal; and the cross manner is applied M times to let the capacitor circuit sample the inversion of the detection signal M times while the detection signal includes the ambient light signal without the controllable-light signal, wherein (N+M) equals (K+1).

Abstract: A light-out detection device includes a mounting structure with a sensor for measuring a light output, wherein the mounting structure is configured as retrofittable structure to mount at a front side of a signal, a processor board with an actuator, the processor board being operably coupled to the at least one sensor, wherein the processor board is configured to control the actuator such that the actuator switches from a first state to a second state when the measured light output is less than a predefined threshold.

Abstract: A photodetecting device is provided. The photodetecting device includes a silicon substrate, a germanium absorption region, and a plurality of microstructures. The silicon substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The germanium absorption region is formed proximal to the first surface of the silicon substrate, and the germanium absorption region is configured to absorb photons and to generate photo-carriers. The plurality of microstructures are formed over the second surface of the silicon substrate, and the plurality of microstructures are configured to direct an optical signal towards the germanium absorption region. A system including an optical transmitter and an optical receiver is also provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a signal conversion circuit configured to convert a sensing current provided from a sensing element into a sensing voltage; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to convert the sensing voltage to a digital value; and a driving circuit configured to drive a light emitting element, wherein the ADC generates a digital value corresponding to proximity to an object by performing a primary operation comparing a ramp signal varying with time and the sensing voltage while the light emitting element is not driven and a secondary operation comparing the ramp signal and the sensing voltage while the light emitting element is driven.