Abstract: A visual signal system for a vehicle projects a shaped light symbol onto the ground. For example, a visual signal system for a vehicle can include a light source configured to project light outside of a vehicle. In an example, the visual signal system can also include a ground projection adjustor configured to adjust the light source to be a projection of light on the ground. In an example, the visual signal system can also include a connection interface configured to transmit instructions to the ground projection adjustor and the light source.

Abstract: A angle detection system, includes a first member pivotally coupled to a second member. An optical cable connecting an optical transmitter provided on the first member and an optical receiver provided on the second member is used by an angle detection engine to determine signal loss of an optical signal provided by the optical transmitter through the optical cable to the optical receiver. The angle detection engine then determines, based on the signal loss, a first angle of the second member relative to the first member. The angle detection engine then performs an instruction based on the first angle.

Abstract: A digitizer system includes a substrate with indicia that uniquely define local areas of the substrate. A multi-mode sensor device, such as a stylus, may sense radiation emitted from the features, and selectively switch to a mode of operation that can sense the indicia and determine therefrom the location of the stylus relative to the substrate.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a support substrate, an optical waveguide, and a detector. The optical waveguide includes a first cladding layer that is formed on the support substrate, and is composed of silicon oxide or a material containing silicon oxide; a second cladding layer formed on the first cladding layer; and a core that is formed within the second cladding layer or between the first cladding layer and the second cladding layer, and is composed of silicon or a silicon-containing material. The detector contacts a part of the core, and is adapted to detect an intensity of light propagating through the core.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes: plural photodiodes formed in different depths in a unit pixel area of a substrate; and plural vertical transistors formed in the depth direction from one face side of the substrate so that gate portions for reading signal charges obtained by photoelectric conversion in the plural photodiodes are formed in depths corresponding to the respective photodiodes.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a light-emitting structure with an electrode layer, a light-transmitting body, a reflective layer and a metal bump. The light-transmitting body covers the light-emitting structure, and has a first side surface and a second side surface which are substantially perpendicular to each other. The reflective layer covers the first side surface without covering the second side surface. The metal bump is directly formed on the electrode layer.

Abstract: A device and system for enabling calibration of a structure includes at least one elongate strap having a lower temperature coefficient than the structure, and a length sufficient to encompass a circumference of an external surface of the structure, and at least one diffraction grating having a temperature coefficient at least as high as the structure, wherein the diffraction grating is coupled to the strap and is in direct contact with the external surface of the structure. Deformations in the external surface of the structure induce corresponding deformations in the diffraction grating.

Abstract: An optical encoder includes a light source, a plurality of diffraction gratings including grating faces on which a plurality of grooves are disposed in parallel, and a light-receiving unit configured to receive the light diffracted at the plurality of diffraction gratings. The diffraction gratings include a first diffraction grating that is a first-stage diffraction grating adjacent to the light source, a third diffraction grating that is a last-stage diffraction grating adjacent to the light-receiving unit, and a second diffraction grating that is an output-stage diffraction grating of the first-stage diffraction grating and an input-stage diffraction grating of the last-stage diffraction grating. The diffraction gratings are disposed such that the ratio of the first gap to the third gap equals the ratio of the second gap to the fourth gap, and a length of the first gap differs from a length of the second gap.

Abstract: A distributed sensing optical fiber cable is proposed. An optical fiber is positioned at the center of the cable and includes a core region, at least one cladding layer surrounding the core region, a protective coating covering the at least one cladding layer, and a tight buffer of elastomeric thermoplastic material disposed to surround the protective coating. The remainder of the cable structure includes a pair of strength members disposed longitudinally on either side of the optical fiber (the strength members formed of a glass-based, memory-less material) and a hard plastic jacket formed to encase the optical fiber and the pair of strength members, the plastic jacket preferably exhibiting an essentially rectangular profile.

Abstract: An optical apparatus including a semiconductor substrate; a first light absorption region supported by the semiconductor substrate, the first light absorption region configured to absorb photons and to generate photo-carriers from the absorbed photons; one or more first switches controlled by a first control signal, the one or more first switches configured to collect at least a portion of the photo-carriers based on the first control signal; one or more second switches controlled by a second control signal, the one or more second switches configured to collect at least a portion of the photo-carriers based on the second control signal; and a counter-doped region formed in a first portion of the first light absorption region, the counter-doped region including a first dopant and having a first net carrier concentration lower than a second net carrier concentration of a second portion of the first light absorption region.

Abstract: A color filter array may include a plurality of color filters arranged two-dimensionally and configured to allow light of different wavelengths to pass therethrough. Each of the plurality of color filters includes at least one Mie resonance particle and a transparent dielectric surrounding the at least one Mie resonance particle.

Abstract: A light irradiation device includes at least one irradiation unit including a reflective surface which is disposed in a concave inner surface formed to have a substantially arc shape and into which a wire member is inserted, and a light source which is configured to emit light toward the wire member and is disposed so as to face the reflective surface in a direction of an optical axis of the emitted light, and an insertion portion configured to interiorly form an insertion path for inserting the wire member into the reflective surface. The reflective surface is disposed such that a center of the substantially arc shape is eccentric with respect to a center of the insertion path.

Abstract: A measurement system that measures an amount of a drug solution in each needle-shaped recess of a mold in which a plurality of needle-shaped recesses are formed, or an amount of a drug after drying the drug solution, includes: a first detection unit that detects position information regarding each needle-shaped recess in a state where the drug solution does not fill the needle-shaped recess; a first measurement unit that measures a shape of the needle-shaped recess; a second detection unit that detects position information regarding a surface of the drug solution or the drug; a second measurement unit that measures a shape of the surface of the drug solution or the drug; and a calculation unit that calculates a volume of the drug solution or the drug based on the shape of the needle-shaped recess and the shape of the surface of the drug solution or the drug.

Abstract: A vehicle composite pane with an integrated light sensor is disclosed. The vehicle composite pane includes an outer pane and an inner pane that are bonded to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer. A plurality of photodiodes situated on a circuit board are arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane. The photodiodes are surface-mounted device (SMD) components. The photodiodes are arranged on the circuit board as groups of parallel connected photodiodes. All groups of the parallel connected photodiodes are connected to a common electrical input and each group is connected to a separate electrical output.

Abstract: Compact Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) array structures are described. An on board common trigger circuit is used for two or more SPAD structures. The common trigger includes a compact counter and flash memory constructed adjacent two or more SPAD structures. Triggering of a SPAD latches the value of the counter and the value is stored in the memory along with the ID of the triggering SPAD. The counter continues counting, and if another SPAD subsequently triggers, the counter is again latched and the value is stored in the memory along with the ID of the subsequently triggering SPAD. The memory can be read and the triggering circuit reset. Methods for designing compact SPAD structures, a compact active quenching circuit and a compact 16 bit counter are described.

Abstract: A system for controlling lighting includes a control module coupled to a driver, a light source coupled to the driver, a first sensor configured to cooperate with the control module to detect occupancy and control the power delivered to the light source according to a signal provided by the first sensor, and a second sensor configured to cooperate with the control module to detect ambient light and control the power delivered according to a signal provided by the second sensor. A GUI executing on a controller device wirelessly coupled to the control module communicates with the control module to configure the operation thereof, executes on a touch-sensitive display configured to facilitate user interaction with the controller, and creates one or more control groups. The GUI is also operable to control the driver to control the state of the light source.

Abstract: In an image pickup element or a photoelectric conversion element, at least an anode 21, a carrier blocking layer 22, an organic photoelectric conversion layer 23, and a cathode 25 are laminated in order, and the carrier blocking layer 22 includes a material having the following structural formula (1), and part of an organic semiconductor material constituting the organic photoelectric conversion layer 23.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention relates to a system for operating a plurality of streetlights in response to motion from a vehicle. The system includes a sensor associated with at least one of the streetlights and configured to detect the presence of a moving vehicle and to provide a signal representative of the moving vehicle. The system further includes a radio frequency transceiver associated with each of the streetlights. The system yet further includes processing electronics configured to receive the signal representative of the moving vehicle from the sensor and to cause the radio frequency transceiver to transmit a command to one or more of the plurality of the streetlights to change lighting states along a pathway for the vehicle.

Abstract: A microscope includes: a light source, an objective, a varifocal optical system that is arranged on an illumination light path between the objective and the light source, a reflection optical system that deflects an illumination light axis of the illumination light toward an optical axis of the objective, and a rotator that rotates the objective and the reflection optical system around a rotation axis that is orthogonal to the optical axis of the objective.

Abstract: Provided is an encoder that can sense an abnormality in the attitude of a detector with respect to a scale. An encoder includes a scale and a detector, the scale being provided on one measurement target part with marks arranged on the scale, and the detector being provided on another measurement target part and configured to detect an amount of relative movement with the scale. The scale includes a sensing unit that senses the attitude of the detector with respect to the scale, and thus even in a case where an abnormality in the attitude of the detector with respect to the scale cannot be sensed on the basis of a change in a signal read by a reading unit, the abnormality can nevertheless be sensed.