Abstract: Optical reference devices for calibrating or monitoring the performance of an optical measurement device, such as a fluorometer, are made from thermoplastics from the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family of semi-crystalline thermoplastics, including polyether ether ketone (PEEK). The reference device may be made as a master reference device having a known emission output—as determined by a standard optical measurement device—that is used to calibrate other optical measurement devices against the standard. The reference device may be made in the shape of a receptacle vial so that the reference device can be placed in the receptacle holding structure of an instrument in which the optical measurement device is installed and used to calibrate or monitor the optical measurement device within the instrument. The reference device may be part of the probe of a pipettor or pick and place mechanism or it may be a cap that can be secured to the end of such a probe.

Abstract: Disclosed are calibration apparatuses for fluorescent microscopy instruments and methods of making and using them. Specifically, disclosed are calibration apparatuses with a fluorescent layer, such as photoresist, deposited on a substrate, with an optional layer of a reflective material, such as chrome. Illumination of the fluorescent and/or reflective layers, and detection and analysis of the resulting emissions allows evaluation of the instrument with respect to both reflective and fluorescent channels. Selection of appropriate fluorescent materials for the one or more fluorescent layers allows the evaluation of an instrument with respect to different fluorophores, as would be used with an instrument capable of two color detection.

Abstract: A pair of straight or angularly oriented flat emitters formed of an electron emissive material are positioned on an emitter support structure and are electrically connected to one another regardless of the mounting structure on which the emitters are positioned. The electrical connections between the emitters are formed directly between the emitters using electrically conductive material members that are placed between and affixed to the emitters to provide the electrical pathway or connection therebetween the emitters after formation of the emitters. These electrical connection members form an electrical connection between the angled pair of emitters separately from an emitter support structure on the cathode, such that the electrical connection members and angled emitters including the connection members can separate the mechanical architecture of the cathode assembly from the electrical architecture, thereby creating a simplified construction for the cathode assembly and associated x-ray tubes.

Abstract: A radiation detector includes: a sensor substrate including a flexible base material and a layer which is provided on a first surface of the base material and in which plural pixels, which accumulate electrical charges generated in accordance with light converted from radiation, are formed; a conversion layer that is provided on the first surface side of the sensor substrate to convert radiation into the light; and a protective film that covers a portion ranging from an opposite surface of the conversion layer opposite to a side where the sensor substrate is provided, to a corresponding position, corresponding to a position of an end part of the conversion layer, on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the base material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for image sensing using atomic vapor cell assemblies are provided. In certain embodiments, a device includes an atomic vapor cell assembly containing atoms associated with multiple pixel locations; a readout laser source that emits readout lasers that illuminate the atoms; a pump laser source that illuminates the atoms with pump lasers to prepare the atoms that are in a dark ground state, wherein an atom in the dark ground state is not coupled to the readout lasers; and a targeting laser source that emits a targeting laser towards a target, wherein a portion of the targeting laser reflected by the target that is incident upon the atoms causes the atoms to transition to a bright ground state; wherein the atoms in the bright ground state are coupled to the readout laser and emit multiple readout photons.

Abstract: An image signal processing system (ISP) comprising an input interface (IN) for receiving photon counting projection data acquired by an X-ray imaging apparatus (IA) having a photon counting detector (D). A calibration data memory (CMEM) of the system holds calibration data. The calibration data encodes photon counting data versus path lengths curves for different energy thresholds of i) said detector (D) or ii) of a different detector. At least one of said curves is not one-to-one. A path length convertor (PLC) of the system converts an entry in said photon counting projection data into an associated path length based on said calibration data.

Abstract: A combination sensor may include a first infrared light sensor and a second infrared light sensor. The first infrared light sensor may be configured to sense light in a first wavelength within an infrared wavelength spectrum. The second infrared light sensor may be configured to sense light in a second wavelength that is different from the first wavelength within the infrared wavelength spectrum. The first infrared light sensor and the second infrared light sensor may be stacked in relation to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the color of a cosmetic product on a skin model, the method including steps to: —for a plurality of wavelengths, supply experimental points giving diffusion and/or absorption values for several mixes of a given concentration of one pigment in another pigment, each mix corresponding to different given concentrations, and —use a physicochemical model capable of predicting interactions between pigments passing through experimental points to obtain the curve giving the diffusion and/or absorption for each wavelength as a function of the given concentration of pigment in the mix of pigments considered.

Abstract: A light ranging and detection system achieving reconfigurable very wide field of view, high sampling of spatial points per second with high optical power handling by using architecture to efficiently combine different wavelengths, time and frequency coding, and spatial selectivity. The transmitter is capable of generating multiple narrow beams, encoding different beams and transmitting in different spatial directions. The receiver can differentiate and extract range and reflectivity information of reflected beams. Three dimensional imaging of the environment is achieved by scanning the field of view of the transmitter. Control and signal processing electronic circuitries fabricated in a chip are packaged together with a chip containing the photonic components of the ranging system. The light ranging and detection system generates a THz beam in addition to an optical beam, and both beams combined allow reconfigurable spectroscopy.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an optical system includes forming a first hydrophobic surface at a semiconductor substrate, providing a first drop of transparent material having a first shape on the first hydrophobic surface, and allowing the first drop to harden to form a first optical element having the first shape. The optical system may be a particle detector, and the process may optionally further include forming a light source at the semiconductor substrate configured to generate a light beam that passes through the first optical element and a cavity to a photodetector.

Abstract: This far-infrared spectroscopy device is provided with: a variable wavelength far-infrared light source that generates first far-infrared light; an illuminating optical system that irradiates a sample with the first far-infrared light; a detecting nonlinear optical crystal that converts second far-infrared light into near-infrared light using pump light, said second far-infrared light having been transmitted from the sample; and a far-infrared image-forming optical system that forms an image of the sample in the detecting nonlinear optical crystal. The irradiation position of the first far-infrared light on the sample does not depend on the wavelength of the first far-infrared light.

Abstract: Systems for protein quantitation using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. In one arrangement, a quantitation device includes an infrared source, a sample holder, and a Fabry-Perot interferometer positioned to receive infrared radiation from the source passing through a sample on the sample holder. A band pass optical filter sets the working range of the interferometer, and radiation exiting the interferometer falls on a detector that produces a signal indicating the intensity of the received radiation. A controller causes the interferometer to be tuned to a number of different resonance wavelengths and receives the intensity signals, for determination of an absorbance spectrum.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting particles is presented comprises a silicon wafer substrate and a charge detection layer mounted on the silicon wafer substrate, wherein the charge detection layer comprises a plurality of discrete pixel sensors. The sensor further comprises a converter material, wherein the converter material is operable to interact with a first type of particle to generate a reaction, wherein the reaction produces charged particles, wherein the charge detection layer is configured to detect the charged particles produced by the reaction. Further, the sensor comprises a substrate layer operable to filter a second type of particle, wherein the converter material is coated on an underside of the substrate layer such that the converter material faces the charge detection layer and an air gap is formed between the converter material and the charge detection layer.

Abstract: Dendrimeric metallacrowns may include a monomeric metallacrown complex or a dimeric metallacrown complex. In an example, the dendrimeric metallacrown includes the monomeric metallacrown complex and a dendron. In this example, the monomeric metallacrown complex includes a central ion, and a metallomacrocycle attached to the central ion. The central ion is selected from the group consisting of a lanthanide ion, a d-block transition metal ion or rare earth metal ion, and an s-block alkali or alkaline earth metal. The metallomacrocycle includes a repeating sub-unit consisting of a metal ion and a ring ligand selected from the group consisting of a hydroxamic acid derivative and an oxime derivative. The dendron is respectively attached to each of the ring ligands of the metallomacrocycle.

Abstract: In a first scenario, a third switch is opened when a first switch is opened to turn off the power supply provided to a device main body and a second switch is short-circuited. The third switch is opened as a result of the power supply provided to the main body controller being stopped. In a second scenario, the third switch is opened when the device main body is in a running state, the first and second switches are short-circuited, when a trolley is moved between hospital rooms. Whether or not the device main body is in a running state is recognized as a result of a lock unit sending a signal to the main body controller, said signal indicating that an arm has come in contact with the lock unit and the arm is arranged at a fixed position where the arm should be arranged when moving the trolley.

Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus includes a pixel portion in which a plurality of pixels, each pixel including a conversion element configured to convert radiation into charge, are arranged in a matrix, a driving circuit configured to drive a plurality of driving lines and a processing unit configured to process a signal from the pixel portion. The driving circuit performs a reset operation in which the conversion elements of the plurality of pixels are repetitively reset. The pixel portion includes rows in which the pixels have been divided into a plurality of groups. The conversion elements of the plurality of groups are reset at different timings in the reset operation, and the processing unit corrects, by using a signal of a pixel of another group, a signal of a pixel of a group with data deficiency caused by the reset operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating dual energy X-ray imaging data. It is described to position (210) an X-ray detector relative to an X-ray source such that at least a part of a region between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector is an examination region for accommodating an object. A grid filter is positioned (220) between the examination region and the X-ray source. The X-ray source produces (230) a focal spot on a target to produce X-rays. The X-ray source moves (240) the focal spot in a first direction across a surface of the target. The grid filter has a structure in a first orientation such that the movement of the focal spot in the first direction results in an associated change in an intensity of X-rays transmitted by the grid filter. The X-ray source moves (250) the focal spot in a second direction across the surface of the target that is orthogonal to the first direction.

Abstract: Various embodiments related to systems and methods for instant structured microscopy where total internal reflection fluorescence techniques are used to improve optical sectioning and signal-to-noise ratio of structured illumination microscopy are herein disclosed.

Abstract: An optical arrangement receives output light emanating from an object disposed within a fluid column that crosses an optical refraction boundary of the fluid column between the object and the optical arrangement. The optical arrangement modifies the output light such that the modified output light has an intensity that is more uniform than the output light.

Abstract: X-ray photons are counted as to each of energy bands (bins) to which optimum energy ranges are provided, and an image with reduced noise is displayed in a short time. An energy range of at least one of multiple energy bands in an X-ray detector is adjusted, on the basis of a distribution of degrees of X-ray attenuation at respective energy levels, the distribution of degrees of X-ray attenuation being measured in advance with respect to a predetermined direction of a subject. By using the X-ray detector with the energy bands after the adjustment, photon-counting CT imaging is performed.