Abstract: A waste gas containing sulfur oxides (SO.sub.x) and/or nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) is purified by leading the waste gas to a radiation irradiation zone, adding ammonia (NH.sub.3) to the waste gas before, during or after the irradiation, collecting the resulting by-product (ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium nitrate) by means of a dust collector, and releasing the purified waste gas into the atmosphere. The amount of NH.sub.3 to be added is selected so as to be smaller than an amount calculated from target desulfurization and denitrification efficiencies so that it is possible to reduce the leakage of ammonia despite variations in the composition of the waste gas.

Abstract: Phosphate rock, including low grade phosphate ore, is treated to recover phosphoric acid and other valuable products by a series of steps including contacting phosphate ore with a weak phosphoric acid to form a suspension of at least a portion of the slimes contained in the ore so that the slimes can be separated from the ore, and separating the slimes to provide a deslimed phosphate ore. Deslimed phosphate rock is solubilized with phosphoric acid to convert at least a portion of the calcium contained in the rock and form a solution of monocalcium phosphate and phosphoric acid. After removal of solids, this solution can be treated with sulfuric acid in a gypsum crystallizer to form gypsum and the phosphoric acid product wherein filterable gypsum crystals are obtained by maintaining a total SO.sub.3 content of 1.5-4 wt. % in a first crystallizer and neutralizing the SO.sub.3 in a second crystallizer.

Abstract: A process for the removal of SO.sub.X from a gaseous stream is disclosed in which the gaseous stream is contacted (a) with a particulate mixture of a reactive calcium-containing material and activated carbon, or (b) particulate activated carbon, the particulate activated carbon subsequently being mixed with a reactive calcium-containing material.