Abstract: A digital voltage detector uses a running average to detect utility service disturbances in real time. An isolation transformer taps the main electrical AC power supply line and provides an analog voltage waveform to a system controller. The analog waveform is sampled digitally in real time, and the samples are squared to create respective instantaneous squared voltage values. A running average is kept of the instantaneous squared voltage values for a preselected period of time, preferably one half-cycle for the main power supply waveform. The running average is compared to a preselected under-voltage threshold value and a preselected over-voltage threshold value, and a disturbance detection signal is generated if the running average violates either threshold value. The disturbance detection signal is preferably used to activate a standby electrical AC power supply, and contemporaneously to disable the main electric AC power supply.

Abstract: A displacement detecting apparatus includes an error correcting circuit through which a pair of sine wave signals detected by a detecting head unit are corrected. A signal detecting circuit receives the pair of sine wave signals whose phases are shifted by about 90.degree., and detects a magnitude of one of the two sine wave signal when the other one of the two sine wave signals crosses with a reference voltage level. The error correcting circuit calculates an error correction amount of each sine wave signal according to the detected magnitude of the signal and eliminates the calculated error correction amount from the signals. Therefore, the sine wave signals of position information are accurately corrected in direct-current component, voltage ratio and phase difference.

Abstract: A method (100) and apparatus (600) estimates power of an architectural design. Power functions are generated (step 102) for standard components (20) by synthesizing to a power-measurable implementation (step 202). A behavioral description is simulated (step 106) to produce switching activity and then parsed (step 108) to compute power from power functions of instantiated standard components (steps 109, 114, 118) from switching activity (step 116). Behavioral operations are parsed (step 108) into short and long blocks based on the number of operations. Short blocks are precompiled (step 110) to produce an RTL implementation including standard components. Power is estimated from switching activity at ports and inferred nodes (step 420). Long blocks are synthesized to produce power-measurable implementations (step 112). Power is estimated with a power function from weighted switching activity at each input (steps 508, 512-514).

Abstract: A scalable parallel processing method and apparatus for performing fast multipole method (FMM) scattering calculations. The processing method is preferably implemented on a parallel multi-processor wherein a plurality of processors communicate with each other via a data communications network. The multiple processors work in tandem to solve a particular problem, which in the disclosed embodiment involves simulating an object (or scatterer) mathematically by using the fast multipole method (FMM) to calculate scattering amplitudes. The present invention provides a method and apparatus that organizes and carries out FMM operations in a manner that minimizes or eliminates the effect of time spent on sharing information between processors. According to the present invention, the method, essentially masks certain FMM information sharing tasks by performing them concurrently with other FMM computational tasks.

Abstract: A machine, method and medium for implementing functions using an input device in a manner that enhances efficient operation of a mechanism capable of operating in at least two states. The functions are implemented via a convenient input device, such as a mouse. One or more specified actuators of the input device implement a given function when the mechanism is in a first state, while at least one of those actuators implements a different function when the mechanism is in a second state. In embodiments of the present invention contemplating that the mechanism is a microscope system, two states in which the microscope system is envisioned to operate are a scan state and a pause state. The scan state allows the microscope system to execute a pre-defined scan sequence, while the pause state allows the microscope system to pause from that sequence.

Abstract: A file system for use in a network computer system has a server file system in the server, which contains at least some file elements to be selectively accessed by the client. An overlay file system is assigned to the client within the server, and contains at least some file elements that have corresponding file elements in the server file system. The overlay file system is configured to provide an overlay file system element to the client when the file element exists in the overlay file system, and to allow access to a server file element when a corresponding file elements does not exist in the overlay file system. Through the use of such file system, a network file system can be configured to allow the client to write to it, with the appearance to the client that it is writing directly to the server file system.

Abstract: A stereophonic image may be enhanced by splitting the left and right input audio signals into a plurality of left and right output signals in a plurality of audio frequency bands and then generating left and right output audio signals from the left and right output signals based on the magnitude of the differences between corresponding left and right output signals and also based upon the absolute magnitude of the left and right input audio signals themselves. In particular, a stereophonic image enhancement device according to the invention processes a left input signal and a right input signal using a first spectrum analyzer and a second spectrum analyzer which output a plurality of left output signals and right output signals corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands in response to the corresponding left input signal and right input signal.

Abstract: Two control methods and systems for automatically achieving and maintaining a desired sodium/phosphate ratio and phosphate concentration of the boiler waters in a plurality of parallel industrial boilers linked by a common feedwater line for minimizing corrosion. The first control system uses an adaptive controller that models the boilers which enables the system to predict boiler pH and phosphate concentrations at any future time given the feed rates, feed concentrations of high and low sodium/phosphate stocks, blowdown rate, mass of the boiler water, initial boiler phosphate concentration and initial pH. Once these future concentrations are determined, the controller then determines a common normalized control (target) region among all the boilers and feed rates that will drive at least one of the boilers into that region in the least amount of time. Subsequent iterations of feed rates are made based on updated boiler water concentrations to drive all of the boiler waters into that target region.

Abstract: A demand electronic electricity meter having load profile recording capabilities is presented. Load profile recording requires memory for storing the recorded information, whereby either on-board memory or external memory is required. Load profile parameters include the number of channels (e.g., 1, 2 or more channels), interval size (e.g., 1, 5, 10, 15, 30 or 60 minutes), quantities to be recorded (e.g., kWh and kvarh, kVAh, or Qh) and channel scalar/divisor (e.g., for each channel, a 2 byte divisor and a 2 byte scalar). With two channels, only two quantities are available for recording, kWh and the one other quantity that the meter has been configured to record, (e.g., kvarh, KVAh, or kQh). For each quantity selected, snapshots of the corresponding total accumulator; (i.e. total kWh and total kvarh, kVAh or kQh) are automatically maintained.

Abstract: For the purpose of detecting signals by means of fuzzy-logic classification, these signals are sampled in time and the sampled values are compared with fuzzy threshold values with the aid of fuzzy-logic rules. Strengths which evaluate the similarity of the signal to be detected with the relevant master signal given the application of the relevant rule are determined for each master signal of a signal catalog. Furthermore, a membership is calculated for each master signal as the arithmetic mean of all the strengths, averaged over all the rules, and the signal to be detected is assigned to that master signal whose membership is a maximum.

Abstract: A method to test an integrated circuit design on a computer simulation loads a desired simulation test vector in parallel into a scan chain (30). The simulation loads the desired vector at a slight offset or upstream shift allowing several serial shifts of the loaded vector through the scan chain (32). After the serial shifts, the initial IC state is set for executing an IC function (34). The IC function includes applying an input on the external pins and receiving an output from the external pins, given the initial IC state loaded by the simulation After executing the IC function, the simulation unloads the resulting IC state in parallel (36) and compares the resulting IC state to a target vector (38).

Abstract: In a multi-tasking operating system, when an application has terminated, a termination discriminator designating section designates a termination discriminator (termination code) the content of which indicates restartability or non-restartability of the application. When the state of termination of the application has been detected by an application termination detecting section, a termination discriminator determining section receives a termination discriminator and determines the content thereof. When the termination discriminator determining section has determined according to the termination discriminator that the application is restartable, an application start-up section restarts the application.

Abstract: A method and a device for diagnosing and predicting the operational performance of a turbine plant use a plant model determined from plant-specific characteristics to determine at least one further operating parameter, in order to establish a deviation of a current operating state from an ideal state and in order to predict a reaction of the turbine plant to changing boundary conditions, given the stipulation of an operating parameter, during operation of such a turbine plant. The device includes a computer module which accesses a model memory for the plant model, in order to calculate individual operating parameters with the aid of the plant model.

Abstract: A control system for controlling vibrations and noises generated by a vibration/noise source having at least a rotating member includes a first filter which generates a control signal for controlling the vibrations and noises. A self-expanding engine mount is arranged in a noise transmission path and converts the control signal into a driving signal for driving the noise source. An error sensor detects an error signal indicative of a difference between the driving signal and the vibrations and noises. A second filter stores a transfer characteristic of a portion of the noise transmission path extending between the first filter and the error sensor, and generates a reference signal based on the transfer characteristic. The control signal is updated in a manner such that the error signal is minimized.

Abstract: A signal conditioning module for sensing multiform field signals and for providing isolated digital signals appropriate for a processing system. The present invention allows sensing of field signals which are either AC or DC and which have magnitudes ranging from zero to greater than 240 volts in the preferred embodiment. A circuit according to the present invention includes a bidirectional maximum current limiter coupled to a bidirectional isolation current sensor. The current sensor preferably includes an opto-coupler. The current limiter preferably includes cross-coupled depletion mode devices and a current limit resistor. In this manner, current flowing through the resistor develops a voltage for turning off one depletion mode device or the other depending upon the polarity of the current, so that the input current is limited to a predetermined maximum level for a wide voltage range of input signals and regardless of voltage polarity.

Abstract: A pattern data processor system is disclosed that comprises a pattern storage device for storing pattern data, a Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) pattern memory buffer for receiving and temporarily holding the pattern data from the pattern storage device, a shape processor for processing and decoding the pattern data, a shape divider, and a shape generator for generating a shape from the decoded pattern data. The shape processor comprises a programmable gate array device (FPGA) that dynamically decodes different pattern data formats with different decoding schemes, allowing for high speed processing. A Previous Output Shape (POS) Register is also disclosed, which uses information from previous shapes to decompress new shapes, thus allowing for variable length macro and pattern data, and conserving disk space.

Abstract: The multi-function energy management system has a plurality of predetermined operating programs stored in memory in or around a micro controller. The micro controller may be pre-set to operate a plurality of heating ventilation, air conditioning and other operating devices according to selected ones of such operating programs for maintaining the temperature in a room of a building at a desired ambient temperature condition and other loads at various operating conditions. The system has a continuously operating internal clock with a back up battery having a life span of ten years. Adjustment allowance is provided in the clock for leap years and daylight savings time. The system is capable of selectively operating the heating, ventilation, air conditioning devices and other energy consuming devices such as lighting, thermal storage heaters according to the occupancy of the room to provide a maximum saving of energy consumption.

Abstract: A method for applying a modified Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) in a protective relaying system involves five basic steps: The first step, S1, comprises measuring voltage and current time-domain samples v(k), i(k). The next step, S2, involves the computation of the DFT of the DC component(s) (V.sub.DC (k), I.sub.DC (k)) of the voltage and current samples. The next step, S3, comprises the computation of the regular DFT (V(k), I(k)). Next, in step S4, the modified DFTs are computed as, V.sub.m (k)=V(k)-V.sub.DC (k), and I.sub.m (k)=I(k)-I.sub.DC (k). In step S5 the modified DFT values representing the desired phasors are employed to carry out various protective relaying functions.

Abstract: A system and method for generating operating system specific kernel level code from one or more data structures that are portable to and compatible with multiple, different operating systems. These data structures are suitable for use with a number of different operating systems without customization. The data structures can contain a plurality of sub-structures, e.g., definitions, function calls and constants and/or a plurality of defines, e.g., system services or function calls, for a plurality of different operating systems.

Abstract: A compensating method and apparatus is provided which collectively compensates for variations in a variety of characteristics in respective circuit portions of a signal processing circuit. A correction data generator is provided for generating correction value data for correction to be made for an output signal of the signal processing circuit, in order to compensate for variations in the characteristics of the at least one circuit portion. Also, a compensator is connected to receive an output signal from the signal processing circuit as well as to receive the correction value data from the correction data generating means, for correcting the output signal in accordance with the respective correction value data corresponding to the at least one circuit portion to generate a compensated output signal.