Abstract: A single-channel photomultiplier tube having a sealed envelope, of which one wall includes an internal face having a concavity with a central axis, turned toward the inside of the tube, having a plane of symmetry and containing a photocathode, inlet optics including electrodes, an electron multiplier including a plurality of dynodes, an anode, and a mechanism connecting the dynodes, the photocathode, electrodes of the optics, and the anode, at their respective operating voltages. The electron multiplier is composed of parts physically distinct from one another, and having between them a symmetry of revolution with respect to the central axis of the concavity.

Abstract: A Plasma Display Panel (PDP) with improved luminous efficiency includes: a rear substrate; a front substrate facing the rear substrate; a plurality of barrier ribs interposed between the front and rear substrates and partitioning a plurality of discharge cells; a plurality of sustain electrode pairs arranged separate from each other on the front substrate facing the rear substrate, each pair of sustain electrodes including an X electrode and an Y electrode; and a front dielectric layer covering the sustain electrode pairs and having at least two grooves in each of the discharge cells; a distance between the X and Y electrodes of each sustain electrode pair is greater than a height of the barrier ribs.

Abstract: A display device includes; first, second and third pixel electrodes, each of the first, the second and the third pixel electrodes comprising a first edge and a second edge longer than the first edge, a first, a second and a third electrode connected to the first, second and third pixel electrodes respectively, a fourth electrode opposing the first electrode with respect to a fifth electrode, a sixth electrode opposing the second electrode with respect to a seventh electrode, and an eighth electrode opposing the third electrode with respect to a ninth electrode, wherein each of the first, fourth and fifth electrodes include a first portion disposed between the first and second pixel electrode and a second portion disposed outside of a space between the first and second pixel electrode, and the second, the sixth and the seventh electrodes are disposed outside of a space between the second and third pixel electrode.

Abstract: An organic EL light emitting layer is formed in a housing including an air atmosphere having a lower moisture concentration than that of the ambient atmosphere and a lower ozone concentration than that of the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: An optical filter is provided on the output side of light from plural kinds of cells that output light with colors different from one another. In the optical filter, the penetrable rate of at least a portion of the wavelength band of light output from the cell with the color having highest luminescent intensity is set lower than that of the wavelength band of other kinds of cells. Consequently, the reflectance rate of outer light incident to a display can be reduced. Particularly, in a room environment using artificial lighting, the reflectance rate of outer light can be reduced in the wavelength band of light with relatively high luminescent intensity. Resultingly, bright room contrast can be improved by suppressing the reflection of outer light. Since the penetrable rate of the color with the highest luminescent intensity is reduced, reduction in brightness of the display can be kept to a minimum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus, which includes a front substrate; a plurality of first, second electrodes formed on the front substrate; a rear substrate that is faced with the front substrate; a plurality of third electrodes formed on the rear substrate; and a discharge cell that is disposed in the place where the first, the second electrode intersect with the third electrode, wherein at least one of the first and the second electrode is formed with one layer, wherein the width or the length of the first and the second electrode arranged in the adjacent discharge cells are different each other. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost can be decreased by eliminating the transparent electrode made of ITO, the color temperature and the luminance of the plasma display panel ca be increased by asymmetrically forming R, G, B discharge cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display device capable of displaying a good image by suppressing yellowing of a glass substrate, and a high-yield manufacturing method of the glass substrate. The image display device is formed of a front-side glass substrate and a back-side glass substrate. In this manufacturing method, a glass substrate is used as the front-side glass substrate when Sn++ content in the glass substrate is a predetermined value or less, and the glass substrate is used as the back-side glass substrate when the Sn++ content exceeds the predetermined value.

Abstract: A phosphor element (10) of the present invention includes a pair of electrodes (2, 6) facing each other, and a phosphor layer (4) interposed between the pair of electrodes and including a semi-conductive phosphor fine particle (7) in which at least a part of the surface is covered with a conductive organic material (8). The conductive organic material is preferably chemically adsorbed on the surface of the semi-conductive phosphor fine article. Further, it is preferable that electron transport layers (3, 5) be further provided between the phosphor layer and at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention reduces the amount of lead used in a display device and improves its long-term moisture resistance. This display device includes: a panel (1b) provided with a hole (11) formed therein; a phosphate glass member (13); and a tube (12) mounted on the panel (1b) via the glass member (13) so as to cover the hole (11). The glass member (13) is bonded to at least a partial area of the inner wall surface of the tube (12) and to a partial area of the panel (1b), so that the entire periphery of the end face of the tube (12) located on the side of the hole (13) is in contact with the panel (1b).

Abstract: A field emission device (FED) includes a top substrate having an anode electrode and a phosphor layer, a lower substrate, at least one cathode electrode having an opening-pattern with at least one opening, an insulating layer located on the cathode electrode, a gate layer located on the insulating layer, and an electron emitter located in the opening of the cathode electrode. The electron emitter is adjacent to the cathode electrode and is electrically connected therewith. The cathode electrode having the opening-pattern is located on a bottom panel. Through the structure illustrated above, uniformity of emitting electron density can be improved and brightness and contrast of color for the FED can be enhanced.

Abstract: Provided is a green phosphor for a plasma display panel (PDP) represented by Formula 1. (Cax,Mgy,Zn2-x-y)SiO4:Mn??Formula 1 Here, 0<x, y<1. The green phosphor is used alone or in combination with BaMgAlqOz:Mn (7<q<15 and 12<z<28) to prepare a phosphor layer, and a PDP including a phosphor layer formed of the green phosphor may have improved luminance deterioration property.

Abstract: An organic thin film transistor (TFT), a method of manufacturing the organic TFT, and a flat display apparatus having the organic TFT are provided. The organic TFT has a gate insulating layer with openings filled with a conductive material, thereby preventing short circuits from occurring between channels connecting the source and drain lines to the organic semiconductor layer. The organic TFT includes a substrate including a source line, a drain line, and a gate electrode. The organic TFT further includes a gate insulating layer formed on the source and drain lines and on the gate electrode. The gate insulating layer has openings exposing the source and drain lines, which openings are filled with a conductive material. The organic TFT also includes an organic semiconductor layer electrically connected to the conductive material.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp 1 is constructed in which more than two lead wires (5), (6), (11) and (12) are connected to respective electrodes (3) and (4) of both end portions of a glass tube (2), the glass tube (2) having a uniform diameter of less than 6.5 mm. Also, when the fluorescent lamp 1 is manufactured, an electrode assembly in which two glass beads are fixed to more than two lead wires extended from the electrodes, mercury amalgam being welded to the lead wires is used, the electrode assembly is temporarily fastened by welding the inside glass bead to the glass tube, mercury is evaporated by heating the mercury amalgam and the inside of the glass tube is sealed by welding the outside glass bead to the glass tube.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display (OLED), which includes a display unit and a controlling unit, is provided. The display unit includes an organic light emission layer and a transparent thin film transistor (TFT) to drive the organic light emission layer, and the display unit emits light into two opposite surfaces (upper and lower surfaces). The controlling unit includes an electro-optical layer that is capable of being switched from one state to another state by applying voltage to the layer. The controlling unit controls transmission of light emitted from the display unit. Therefore the flat panel display of the present invention is capable of displaying an image in one surface or in two surfaces. The selection of surface of image display can be manually or automatically controlled by a user. The controlling unit can includes a liquid crystal device, an electrophoretic device, or an electrochromic device.

Abstract: To improve an image quality of an organic EL display by utilizing characteristics of a dual emission type organic light emitting element. A display device includes a first substrate over which a plurality of organic light emitting elements are provided and a second substrate over which an organic light emitting element is provided. The first and second substrates are facing each other. At least either the organic light emitting elements provided over the first substrate or the organic light emitting element provided over the second substrate emit/emits light toward both surfaces of the first or second substrate. Light emitting regions of the organic light emitting elements provided over the first substrate are overlapped with a light emitting region of the organic light emitting element provided over the second substrate as seen from the second substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color liquid display (LCD) employing a transmissive color liquid display panel. The display includes a complementary color light emitting diode, which is one of a cyan light emitting diode (21C), emitting cyan light, a yellow light emitting diode, emitting yellow light, and a magenta light emitting diode, emitting magenta light, in addition to light emitting diodes emitting three prime colors, as a light source. The display also includes a complementary color filter, having at least one of a cyan filter CFC having a transmission wavelength range corresponding to the cyan light, a yellow filter CFY having a transmission wavelength range corresponding to the yellow light and a magenta filter CFM having a transmission wavelength range corresponding to the magenta light, in addition to a tristimulus color filer, as a color filter (19).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an EL element, which is with a problem of the EL layer deterioration caused at the time of forming a cathode layer on an EL layer resolved, and without the decline of the original functions; and a production method suitable for producing such an EL element. The object has been achieved by providing an EL element having a lamination structure with an anode layer, an EL layer, a charge transporting protection layer and a cathode layer formed in this order on a substrate, and by using a hole transporting material such as TPD for the charge transporting protection layer.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen quartz lamp with a structure for preventing glass-bead supporter from breaking off, which can insure that its glass-bead supporter could not leave and drop from the top of a bulb in any case, so that reliability of a holding-filament structure is greatly improved and the service life of the lamp is prolonged. For this purpose, a concave-baking ring is provided at the circumference of the bulb, which corresponds to a position below the glass-bead supporter which is mounted in the upper of inner-cavity of the bulb in a horizontal direction, to restrict the glass-bead supporter to the upper of the bulb.

Abstract: In an organic electroluminescent display device having light emitting layers which are independently controlled and emit light formed in respective pixel regions on a principal surface of a substrate and emitting light from each of the light emitting layer through the substrate, the present invention arranges a light shielding member on an end wall face of the substrate and prevents the light from leaking from the end wall face thereof.

Abstract: A partition is formed by the process including a step for providing a sheet-like partition material that covers a display area and outside thereof on the surface of the substrate, a step for providing a mask for patterning that covers the display area and the outside thereof, so that a pattern of the portion arranged outside of the display area of the mask is a grid-like pattern, a step for patterning the partition material covered partially with the mask by a sandblasting process, and a step for baking the partition material after the patterning.