Abstract: An anthropomorphic dummy suitable for use in vehicle crash testing, wherein the dummy includes a thoracic spine, at least one arm, and a corresponding shoulder assembly for coupling the arm to the spine. Lateral forces to the arm, resulting from lateral impacts, are coupled through the shoulder assembly to the spine, where they can be measured by appropriate instruments. The shoulder assembly includes an elastically compressible member, with an embedded, floating clavicle, that attenuates the forces being coupled to the spine and that is correspondingly deformed by the forces in a prescribed fashion. Additionally, the arm includes a high-strength, plastic humerus and a resilient energy-absorbing coating overlaying the humerus, whereby both the arm and the shoulder assembly closely model the responsiveness of a human arm and shoulder to such laterally-applied forces.

Abstract: Partially circular rocker is arcuately curved and has inwardly directed king pins positioned opposite from each other at the ends of the curve. One king pin is assigned to each competitor. Rings are tossed so that each competitor attempts to ring his own king pin and, at the same time, knock his competitor's ring off his competitor's king pin. A balance weight on the rocker is moved at each turn to level the rocker.

Abstract: A board game apparatus includes a pair of dice, each of the dice having a first, second and third indicia marked on the faces thereof. A board is divided into a plurality of object spaces, each of the object spaces having indicia marked thereon corresponding to the indicia marked on the faces of the dice. The ratio between the number of object spaces of each indicia on the board is the same as the ratio of the number of faces of each die having the same indicia. The game apparatus also includes a plurality of marker pieces, the marker pieces being adapted for selective placement on the board so as to surround each object space.

Abstract: The disclosed educational devices comprise self-adhering members to which a pressure sensitive adhesive material is applied, on the outside of at least a portion of each member. In one embodiment, each educational device comprises an elongated stick, rod or tube which is sufficiently rigid to be self-supporting. A knob or body of the adhesive material is mounted on at least one end of such stick or the like. Preferably, knobs of the adhesive material are mounted on both ends. The sticks may be adhered to one another and also to supporting surfaces, to produce letters, symbols, figures, geometric designs, and many types of artistic representations. The adhesive material comprises microcrystalline wax with mineral oil in the proportion of 2 to 12% mixed with the wax to provide greater tackiness, the wax being of a flexible type with a melting point between 150.degree. and 180.degree. F. and a needle penetration between 20 and 50 when measured at 77.degree. F. in accordance with ASTM Standard No. D1321.

Abstract: A series of interrelated sets of tetrahedron Each set is capable of assembly into a cube with all the cubes being identical in size. Typically, there are at least three such sets, though there may be more; and when there are three sets, for example, one set contains twice as many tetrahedron blocks as the second set and four times as many as the third set. The tetrahedrons are preferably hollow and each of them has a magnet for each face, e.g., affixed to the interior walls of its faces, the magnets being so polarized that upon assembly into a cube or pyramid, the magnets of facing faces attract each other. Preferably, the blocks are colored in such a way that faces of the same size and shape are colored alike and each size and shape has a different color.

Abstract: Educational building blocks are described which comprise a right prism member and two flat rectangular plates having widths equal to the altitude of the prism and lengths greater than the greatest altitude of the prism bases. One of the plates is attached to each base of the prism so that the flat surface of the plates coincide with the prism bases. The flat plates are so oriented that they are in mirror image relationship to each other. Blocks of this kind may be fitted together to create a great variety of structures and forms.

Abstract: A mathematics teaching apparatus comprises at least one set of rectanguloid elements of different shapes and of dimensions equal to 1, 3, 5 and 7 times a common unit or module. The set comprises a plurality of cubic blocks having an edge length equal to 1 unit, bars of unit width and thickness and lengths equal to 3, 5 and 7 units, square slabs of unit thickness and side lengths equal to 3, 5 and 7 units and rectangular slabs of unit thickness and side length combinations 3.times.5 units, 3.times.7 units and 5.times.7 units. Preferably the apparatus comprises two or more such sets which differ in color. The apparatus is useful for demonstrating and explaining various fundamental algebraic formulations and processes, including the algebra of 3-dimensional figures, and mathematical expressions comprising algebraic and whole number terms.

Abstract: An optic art kit is disclosed comprising one or more pieces of a pre-cut frame material (a section of which is constructed with an internal light source), a sheet of abradable material, a one scriber having engraving and abrasive portions, several triangular supports for freestanding assembly, and line drawings or other pictorial material for use as a pattern when abrading the sheet material. The pre-cut frame material is extruded from plastic and has a flat base, substantially perpendicular side portions and rounded top portions which terminate in parallel spaced apart clamping flanges which engage opposing sides of the sheet material. This frame material is preferably mitered so that it may adhere to all the edges of the sheet material to frame the sheet or, alternatively, to cooperate with one or more triangular supports to create a freestanding assembly. The resulting kit produces a professional, attractive edge-lit product which may be used for decoration or to provide information.

Abstract: A structure for an electrical display of the human heart and cardiovascular system, which is useful in teaching the functioning of this system. A planar or raised outline drawing of the heart and related body parts is provided with a lamp and electrical contact in identifiable areas of the outline of the heart and other parts of the cardiovascular system. Two rows of electrical contacts are provided adjacent a tabulation of names of portions of the cardiovascular system, in order of blood flow. A power source, a bell, and two probes are provided. Touching one probe to a contact adjacent the name of a part of the cardiovascular system will cause a lamp in the corresponding outlined area to illuminate. Touching one probe to a different contact adjacent a name, and the other probe to a contact in the appropriate outlined area will cause a bell or buzzer to sound.

Abstract: An astronomical chart and projection system for mapping celestial movement plots the longitudinal positions of planets, as measured along the ecliptic, against time in a rectilinear coordinate system with each of the planets being represented by a line on the chart, such a line being designated the "major line" of the planet. The major line corresponding to at least one of the planets is repeated at fixed longitudinal displacements from itself to generate harmonic reproductions, typically at 45 degree intervals. These harmonic reproductions allow a user to immediately extract aspect information between the planet whose major line is harmonically reproduced and other planets, whether or not harmonically reproduced. The longitude and time axes preferably have a common origin at respective longitude and time coordinates corresponding to the vernal equinox, thus permitting sidereal and tropical time information to be extracted from the chart by simple linear scaling of coordinates.

Abstract: A game in the course of which words are formed by juxtaposing letter carrying tiles in cross word fashion, each word either starting adjacent a colored panel on a board on which the game is played or adjacent a colored tile already placed on the board or crossing a word already on the board and each word having a colored panel behind its terminal letter such that when the game is over, the board has the appearance of a true cross word puzzle. Scores are achieved according to the length of words formed and crossed and the positioning of colored tiles in the best available positions. Also included in the invention is apparatus for use in playing the game.

Abstract: A premixed basic color media set is disclosed, the basic set including coloring media varying through a spectral range of selected hues, which can be grouped to create palettes of tonally related source colors for use in rendering color compositions by artists. The palettes so created vary through a spectral range of tonal influences. The basic set of coloring media is based on the derivation of a limited number of colors, including a selected group of primary colors, here disclosed as the artist's red, yellow and blue, and those essentially different colors resulting from illumination or toning of these primary colors through a spectral color range of illumination. Physical arrangements of coloring materials and associated color charts are provided to facilitate use of the premixed coloring materials when grouped into tonal palettes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of language communication instruction is disclosed which involves rotated peer dyads wherein instruction is carried out by pair discrimination and the students rotate momentarily and continuously among the three communication roles of producer of stimuli, respondent to stimuli and evaluator of stimuli and responses. Each given response will identify error in either the stimulus or the response without attributing the error to either partner of each dyad.

Abstract: A device for indicating to a golfer the location of the cup in the green of a hole on a golf course is composed of a plate that is either itself bodily shaped and formed to correspond on a relative basis to the shape and size of the green or is of a substantially rectangular shape and has pictorially depicted or otherwise formed on a viewable surface a visual representation on a relative basis of the shape and size of the green. Either plate is provided with a device for mounting it vertically on the tee at ground level and at an inclined angle to the perpendicular so that a golfer can easily glance at it while he is in the teeing area. The plate is provided with a plurality of apertures that represent various potential placements of the cup in the green and an indicating member is disposed on the viewable surface of the plate and removably fastened in one of the apertures to indicate where the cup is on the green.

Abstract: A planning device comprising a base foil and a transparent foil hingeably connected to each other along one edge. Both the surface of the transparent foil and the surface of the base foil adjacent to the transparent foil are smooth for repeated, releasable pressure-adherence to each other. Any object having a smooth surface can be repeatedly and releasably pressure-adhered to the smooth surface of the transparent foil. The device preferably comprises a cover foil hingeably connected to the transparent foil along one edge. The surface of the cover foil adjacent to the transparent foil is preferably also smooth so that the cover foil may be repeatedly and releasably pressure-adhered to the transparent foil.

Abstract: A game in the course of which tiles carrying portions of chosen insignia such as letters or digits are combined to form complete letters or digits which combinations carry a value which together with the values of similar adjacent combinations provide a score total in a game. Also provided for is apparatus by which the game according to the invention may be played.

Abstract: This relates to a game which includes a game board and a plurality of playing pieces. The game board is generally rectangular in outline but is provided at one end with a projection which is intended to interlock with another game board. The projection defines at least in part a receptacle for game pieces. The game board at the end thereof remote from the projection has a reserved area for receiving a selected code playing piece of a set of target code playing pieces and a code playing piece of a set of position indicating code playing pieces. The playing pieces also include test playing pieces conforming to the target code playing pieces and marker elements for signalling the correctness in relation to the code playing pieces mounted on a related one of the boards of the characteristics and relative positioning of the test playing pieces of a test group selected by a player.

Abstract: Color wheel comprising 3 transparent overlaid discs with circumferential arrays of primary color gradation on each such disc, the colors being overlappable when the discs are moved relative to each other to define thousands of combinations and arranged so that in primary positions of the three discs, which are transparent, the color wheel forms perfect complements, triads, quartets, sextets, etc. and in almost all relative positions perfect and equal increments of analogous gradations of different color schemes (at all arcs where colors are changing). In each disc there is a 240-degree sweep of each primary color comprising a central 120 degrees of 100% intensity of the primary color decreasing in each 60-degree band of the side of the central 120-degree bands from 100% to 0 intensity at the outer edges of the 240-degree band.

Abstract: A teaching aid procreated to develop learner participation in mental computation of number combinations involving all of the elements of basic arithmetic. Four elongated slide members are permanently housed within the confines of a frame member. Each slide member has the numerical figure indicia of from one to twelve printed thereon. The frame means has four windows therein. Each window is associated with one of the slide members whereby movement of the slide members will cause various numbers to be viewable therethrough. Arithmetic function indicia is printed on the frame member between the windows whereby various arithmetic problems can be displayed by movement of the slide members to cause selected numerical figure indicia to be viewable through the windows.

Abstract: The standard pronunciation of a word in any language is recorded on a segment of wide magnetic tape which is mounted on a flexible card or sheet. For visual reading of the same word, spelling or character is printed on the same card. A device is provided to transport and guide each card so as to have sound recording portions of the card make a sliding contact with the electromagnetic transducer head.