Abstract: The convoluted fluorescent lamp component of a compact lamp unit is mechanically and electrically coupled to a base module by a plate-like mounting member which is secured to the module in suspended fashion and has socket means which permit the lamp component and associated energizing-circuit components to be plugged into and removed from the module. The mounting member is structured and oriented to also provide a peripheral air passageway which, in conjunction with vent openings in the module and in a protective cover which is secured to the module, allows air to flow freely through the operating unit and convection-cool the fluorescent lamp. The lamp unit can accordingly be operated at high power loadings without overheating and can also be easily relamped and provided with new circuit components (such as a ballast and/or a starter) to prolong its useful life.

Abstract: The specification discloses a starting transformer having a floating secondary. Coupling between the line and high voltage electrodes is effectuated through the distributed capacitance between the primary and secondary windings.

Abstract: A collector for use in a travelling wave tube includes a central metallic re that has a peripheral ceramic insulator with the central metallic core having a plurality of circumferentially spaced primary slots extending inwardly from the periphery and an equal number of secondary slots extending perpendicular to the primary slots adjacent the periphery of the electrode. The primary slots define a plurality of fingers and the secondary slots act as hinges for the fingers.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a cathode cup for electron focusing has a groove-like cavity for the heater coil. The cathode cup is subdivided, approximately perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the heater coil into several parts which are insulated from one another, to which separate control potentials can be supplied.

Abstract: An AC memory drive type self-shift type gas discharge panel which can prevent an accidental erroneous discharge caused by distributed abnormal charges. Abnormal charges may accumulate to a significant extent at the ends of the shift channels having write discharge cells and shift discharge cells regularly arranged. A path for leaking the abnormal charges is provided in the dielectric layer covering the electrode defining the discharge cells at the end of the shift channels.

Abstract: A device for storing a source of photons and for irradiating a body by the radiation from said source, comprisinga body for biological protection provided with a cylindrical cavity of circular section and two so-called first and second passages respectively, these passages opening at one and the other of their ends in said cavity and on the outer wall of the body,a disc for biological protection, whose shape is complementary of that of the cavity of the body and presenting, on the one hand, a housing centered on an axis perpendicular to the axis of the cavity, this housing opening out on the side wall of the disc,a source of Y radiation contained in said housing,a precollimator disposed at right angles to said first passage,means for rotating said disc between a first position for which said source is opposite the precollimator and a second position for which the source is in stored position.

Abstract: An in-line electron gun mount comprises a plurality of cathodes for producing and directing a plurality of electron beams along spaced co-planar paths. A shield cup having a back surface with a plurality of co-planar apertures therethrough is disposed along the beam paths. One of the apertures of the shield cup has a first pair of magnetically permeable members attached to the back surface of the shield cup. A nonmagnetic plate having a plurality of co-planar apertures therethrough has a second pair of magnetically permeable members attached to one surface thereof. The plate is attached to the back surface of the shield cup so that the second pair of members are disposed between the back surface of the shield cup and the plate. The plate apertures are substantially aligned with the shield cup apertures.

Abstract: In a high pressure discharge lamp apparatus comprising a discharge tube and a current limiting device connected in series, an over-current protecting semiconductor switching device such as a triac (TC) is further connected in series to said discharge tube,the triac (TC) being controlled of its firing angle responding to an output of a current detection circuit which detects a change of the lamp current through a change of the lamp voltage, anda pulse generator is further connected in parallel to the discharge tube and gives reignition pulse thereto at least during the zero-current period in each cycle of the lamp current.

Abstract: A variable ramp voltage generated by a first 555 timer is applied to the control electrode of a second 555 timer for controllably varying the delay function of the second timer. The second timer is triggered in accordance with the motion to be observed, several trigger signals being applied during each ramp. The output signals from the second timer are thus timed at progressively longer intervals from the respective input signals during each ramp. The output signals are applied to trigger a stroboscope, producing a cinematographic slow motion view of a selected portion of the motion under observation.

Abstract: An oxide-coated cathode used for the electron tubes such as cathode ray tubes and camera tubes, comprising as the base a sintered product principally composed of an alkaline earth metal compound and a high-melting-point metal and having high heat conductivity and low specific resistance, said sintered product being either used singly or layered on a high-melting-point metal body containing a reducible element or elements as impurity, and an oxide cathode material coated on said base, and a method of producing such oxide-coated cathode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dimming traffic lights during hours of darkness to conserve energy. Electronic circuitry provides storage for weekly tables of twilight times for particular geographic locations covering an extended time period, such as one year. Counting apparatus counts weeks for addressing the stored tables, and an AM/PM indicator further differentiates between stored sunrise and sunset times. The stored time is compared in a comparator with the present time, and logic circuitry, responsive to the AM/PM indicator, reacts to the results of the comparison by activating and deactivating a dimmer for the traffic lights.

Abstract: A tungsten filament lamp incorporates arc discharge electrodes for an arc discharge in a gas fill enclosed in the lamp envelope. The tungsten filament is utilized as a ballast resistance for the arc discharge. A method for mounting the filament and electrodes in an embodiment according to the invention is shown.

Abstract: An analog switch having a first feedback amplifier supplied with a signal superposed with a bias voltage and a second feedback amplifier supplied with the bias voltage. Each amplifier has a differential amplifier formed of two symmetrically connected transistors and having an output connected to both a common output terminal and its input through an impedance transforming transistor. The differential amplifier is biased by a constant current source formed of a transistor and a diode. In the presence of a control signal, the first amplifier is closed through the normal operation of its constant current source while the second amplifier is opened by disabling its constant current source. In the absence of the control signal, the first and second amplifiers are opened and closed, respectively.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a switching circuit is provided by connecting the main current paths of a plurality of relatively low voltage transistors in series for switching a relatively high level of voltage, with zener diodes being connected across the main current paths of each one of the transistors, the zeners having a breakdown voltage rating no greater than the inverse voltage rating of their respective transistor, and polarized for breaking down whenever the inverse voltage rating of the transistor is exceeded, the zener diodes also providing a voltage divider circuit for applying appropriate levels of bias voltage to the common connections between the transistors for ensuring the inverse voltage ratings of the transistors are not exceeded at times that the transistors are all turned off, or non-conductive.

Abstract: An electron beam type pattern transfer apparatus has a photoelectric mask and a sample in a vacuum container made of non-magnetic material. The photoelectric mask is adapted to receive an ultraviolet ray from a light source and emit photoelectrons corresponding to a predetermined transfer pattern and the sample is disposed in parallel with the photoelectric mask with a predetermined distance left therebetween and illuminated with the photoelectrons to form a resist image thereon which corresponds to the transfer pattern. A power source for applying a voltage for accelerating the photoelectrons emitted is connected between the photoelectric mask and the sample. A pair of focusing magnets are disposed around the axis of the vacuum container such that they are located one at one outer side and one in an opposite outer side of the vacuum container to permit a vertical magnetic field to be created between the photoelectric mask and the sample.

Abstract: A spectral source comprises a lamp containing an anode and a cathode in an inert gas. The cathode has a hollow portion therein, and a opening at its side wall. The anode is positioned to face the opening of the cathode. The anode and cathode are different in shape and connected to a high-frequency discharge power source. A magnetic field is arranged in perpendicular to the direction of the axial center of the opening.

Abstract: An electron gun having a cathode of a lanthanum hexaboride single crystal is disclosed in which the axis of the cathode is set to such a crystal orientation that the electron beam has two intensive emission regions which are asymmetrical with each other in intensity. In the electron gun, even at a low heating temperature of the cathode, a single spot of an image by the electron beam of a more intensive emission region since the electron beam of a weaker intensity emission region is blocked by an aperture.

Abstract: Described are methods of filling and emptying radiation shields comprising a container formed of thin flexible material.The method of filling comprises the steps of (a) filling the radiation shield with a gas to form the shield and then (b) replacing the gas with a radiation attenuating liquid.Additionally, when the shield configuration is not entirely filled with radiation attenuating liquid, either deliberately or due to leakage, an overpressure of gas above the radiation attenuating liquid solidifies the shield in its designed dimensional configuration.The method of emptying comprises the step of forcing the radiation attenuating liquid out through one or more outlets by forcing a gas into the radiation shield.

Abstract: An arc extinguishing means for a high intensity discharge lamp comprises a meltable fuse wire a portion of which is surrounded by a refractory hollow sleeve of larger diameter than the fuse wire. The remaining volume of the sleeve is substantially filled with a pyrophoric material which, at an operating temperature available within the lamp, will spontaneously ignite in the presence of oxygen and generate sufficient heat to melt the fuse wire and thus open the circuit, extinguishing the lamp.

Abstract: In an intensifying screen composed of a support, a fluorescent layer disposed on the support and a protective layer disposed on the fluorescent layer, the fluorescent layer is composed of one or more phosphors selected from the group consisting of a terbium activated rare earth oxysulfide phosphor, a divalent europium activated alkali earth metal fluorohalide phosphor and a silver activated sulfide phosphor, and the protective layer is a light absorption layer which absorbs a part of light emitted by the fluorescent layer.