Abstract: An approach is provided in which a knowledge manager computes a set of unreasonable answer probabilities based upon a corresponding set of answers. Each of the set of unreasonable answer probabilities indicate a likelihood that its corresponding answer is an unreasonable answer to a question received by the knowledge manager. The knowledge manager determines that one or more unreasonable answers are included in the set of answers based upon determining that their corresponding unreasonable answer probabilities are above a threshold. In turn, the knowledge manager removes the one or more unreasonable answers from the set of answers and provides a modified set of answers to a user.

Abstract: In an automatic electronic discovery search tool, documents can be clustered into a cluster hierarchy using data contained in a first field of the documents. One of more levels of the cluster hierarchy are merged. Merged clusters are further clustered using data contained in a second field of the documents. The first field and second field may be determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the data contained in the fields. Clusters may be filtered or used in a document review tool.

Abstract: A hierarchical data server provides a query and storage system for hierarchical data with three interfaces that are, data interface for accepting hierarchical data, query interface for accepting a query, and result interface for returning output of the query. The system models hierarchical data with one data object called data vine and one data structure type called data vine list. A data vine includes a name, a property list, and a child list. A data vine list is an ordered list of data vines. A data vine is recursively defined with its child list as a data vine list. The system introduces five basic operators, cast, restrict, unique, sort, and traverse. Each operator acts on one data vine list and returns another data vine list. A property list in a data vine is unordered with set operations implemented, which include default operation, update operation, elimination operation, replacement operation, and intersection operation.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a browser which obtains an external resource or internal resource of the apparatus and displays the resource on the display unit, and a storage unit for storing an internal resource that can be displayed on the display unit. The image processing apparatus performs control not to display information by which storage location of the internal resource in the storing unit is identifiable in the case where the resource obtained by the browser unit is an internal resource.