Abstract: Devices and methods for generating electricity in a direct carbon fuel cell are provided herein. The method includes heating and melting an alloy to obtain a liquid alloy anode; circulating the liquid alloy anode through a porous ceramic cathode, the cathode being a tubular structure and in communication with oxygen; reducing the oxygen at the porous cathode to obtain oxygen ions for diffusing through an electrolyte to the liquid alloy anode; and oxidizing the oxygen ions at the liquid alloy anode thereby generating electricity. The direct carbon fuel cells have high electronic conductivity, high carbon solubility with fast carbon diffusion, lower viscosity and eutectic temperatures, and rapid fuel dissolution kinetics.

Abstract: Proposed are a fuel cell system and a method of controlling the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes: a hydrogen supply unit connected to a hydrogen inlet side of a fuel cell stack, with a supply valve and a sensor being provided in the hydrogen supply unit; a hydrogen discharge unit connected to a hydrogen outlet side of the fuel cell stack, with a water trap and a purge valve being provided in the hydrogen discharge unit; and a controller configured to calculate an amount of hydrogen discharged through the purge valve from an amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack and an amount of hydrogen consumed therein, and to perform compensation control of the supply valve when the amount of the discharged hydrogen is at or above a reference value.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes a plurality of fuel cells received between two end plates, at least one end plate of which has flow channels formed therein with ports for the anode fresh gas and the anode exhaust gas as well as ports for the cathode fresh gas and the cathode exhaust gas, wherein a hygroscopic material forms the wall between the ports for the anode exhaust gas and the cathode fresh gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a button-type lithium ion battery with a metal housing, including: a metal housing; a cell, received in the metal housing; a terminal, disposed on an outside of the metal housing; at least one first electrode tab, arranged on the cell and electrically connected to the metal housing; at least one second electrode tab, arranged on the cell and electrically connected to the terminal; and an insulating member disposed between the metal housing and the terminal; wherein the insulating member is insulating and sealing the metal housing and the terminal; a polarity of the at least one first electrode tab is opposite to that of the at least one second electrode tab; a polarity of the metal housing is opposite to that of the terminal; the metal housing and the terminal are sealed to the insulating member by means of heat or adhesion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a fuel cell catalyst electrode, the fuel cell catalyst electrode prepared therefrom, a membrane electrode assembly including the fuel cell catalyst electrode, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fuel cell electrical power system, a first fuel cell module, a second fuel cell module, a heat exchanger, a common coolant, a first coolant piping branch, and a second coolant piping branch. A first pump and a first valve are disposed on the first coolant branch, and a second pump and a second valve are disposed on the second coolant branch. The fuel cell electrical power system is capable of functioning in a condition in which the second fuel cell module and the second pump are not operating to cause substantially all of the flow rate of coolant fluid produced by the first pump to circulate through the common coolant piping and to circulate substantially none of the flow rate of the coolant fluid produced by the first pump through the second fuel cell module.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a gas diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The gas diffusion layer is a graphene membrane, and graphene lamellae in the graphene membrane are arranged irregularly. The present disclosure further provides a preparation method for the gas diffusion layer, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell including the gas diffusion layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a carbon-neutral process for the generation of carbon-neutral hydrogen and carbon-neutral electricity. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions, methods and apparatus employing a carbon-neutral process for generating electricity employing a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) for supplying hydrogen for generating the carbon neutral electricity. The present disclosure also relates more specifically to carbon-neutral compositions consisting of liquid organic hydrogen carriers used for supplying hydrogen to generate electricity that may be regenerated in a carbon-neutral process using an apparatus with a net zero atmospheric emission of carbon oxides.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for assembling and operating an electrode assembly for a redox flow battery system. In one example, the electrode assembly may include an inflatable housing in which a negative electrode spacer and a positive electrode may be positioned, wherein the inflatable housing may inflate responsive to applied internal pressure during operation of the redox flow battery system. In some examples, the electrode assembly may be assembled via roll-to-roll processing and may be mechanically and fluidically coupled to electrode assemblies of like configuration. In this way, tolerance stacking may be decreased, processing may be simplified, and costs may be reduced relative to molding-based processes for electrode assembly manufacturing.

Abstract: A bipolar conductive plate for a fuel cell structure, the plate having a network of fluid circulation channels in the form of a succession of undulations with narrowed portions preferably distributed regularly in order to reduce the stratification phenomena.

Abstract: A method of operating a water electrolysis and electricity generating system includes, at a time of switching from the water electrolysis mode to the electricity generating mode, a water electrolysis stopping step, a purging step and an electricity generation starting step. In the purging step after the water electrolysis stopping step, an oxygen-containing gas is caused to flow from an oxygen-containing gas flow path to a first gas-liquid separator via an oxygen-containing gas introduction flow path, a first supply flow path, a first inlet port member, a first fluid flow path, a first outlet port member, and a first lead-out flow path. In the electricity generation starting step after the purging step, the cell member is caused to generate electricity based on a predetermined required load value.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a gas diffusion electrode that is less likely to cause damage to an electrolyte membrane or the like due to fluff in an outer peripheral portion during production of a membrane electrode assembly. The present invention provides a gas diffusion electrode including a conductive porous substrate containing carbon fibers and a microporous layer formed on a surface of the conductive porous substrate, in which the gas diffusion electrode satisfies at least one of the following (1) and (2): (1) the number of carbon fibers protruding from an edge portion by 20 ?m or more when viewed from a plane surface is less than 1.0 number/cm with respect to a length of the edge portion; and (2) the number of carbon fibers that are inclined at an angle of 30° or more in an in-plane direction of the gas diffusion electrode and have lengths of 10 ?m or more when viewed from a side surface of the edge portion is less than 1.0 number/cm with respect to the length of the edge portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, the method includes forming a negative electrode active material layer on a negative electrode current collector to manufacture a negative electrode assembly, and pre-lithiating the negative electrode assembly. The pre-lithiating of the negative electrode assembly includes a first pre-lithiation step of performing pre-lithiation by impregnating the negative electrode assembly with a first pre-lithiation solution and a second pre-lithiation step of performing pre-lithiation by impregnating the negative electrode assembly with a second pre-lithiation solution after the first pre-lithiation step. The first pre-lithiation solution includes an ionizable first lithium salt, a first organic solvent, and a first additive. The second pre-lithiation solution includes an ionizable second lithium salt, a second organic solvent, and a second additive.

Abstract: This application provides a current collector and a preparation method thereof, a secondary battery containing such current collector, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electric apparatus. The current collector in this application includes a support layer, a binder layer, and a metal layer, where the binder layer is arranged between the support layer and the metal layer, the binder layer includes an organic binder and inorganic particles, a thickness D0 of the binder layer is 1.0-5.0 ?m, optionally 1.0-3.0 ?m; and the inorganic particles include large particles with a median particle size D50large and small particles with a median particle size D50small, and the median particle sizes of the large particles and the small particles satisfy the following relationships: D50large>D50small; D50large=(0.5-0.9)×D0; and D50small=(0.1-0.4)×D0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an SOEC system (1), comprising a fuel cell stack (2) having a gas side (3) and an air side (4), and an ejector (5) for supplying a process fluid to a gas inlet (6) on the gas side (3), wherein the ejector (5) comprises a primary inlet (7), for introducing a water-containing primary process fluid through a primary line (8) of the SOEC system (1) into a primary portion (9) of the ejector (5), and a secondary inlet (10), for introducing recirculated secondary process fluid through a recirculation line (11) of the SOEC system (1) from a gas outlet (12) on the gas side (3) into a secondary portion (13) of the ejector (5), wherein the SOEC system (1) further comprises a control gas supply portion (14) for supplying control gas into the primary portion (9) and into the secondary portion (13) in order to control a pressure and/or mass flow in the primary portion (9) and in the secondary portion (13), and wherein the control gas supply portion (14) comprises a valve arrangement (19, 20

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for electrochemical and/or chemical pretreatment of bipolar plates, for example, for plating electrodes in redox flow batteries. In one example, a method may include pretreating a bipolar plate for the redox flow battery by disrupting a surface of the bipolar plate. In some examples, pretreating the bipolar plate may include positioning the bipolar plate within the redox flow battery, and thereafter charging the redox flow battery at multiple discrete plating current densities for each of one or more initial charging cycles to electrochemically etch the surface. In additional or alternative examples, pretreating the bipolar plate may include soaking the bipolar plate in solution to chemically treat the surface. In this way, the bipolar plate may be pretreated via electrochemical etching and/or chemical treatment so as to reduce electrochemical performance losses and dendrite formation in the redox flow battery.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system including: a fuel cell module; a blower for supplying a gaseous fuel to the fuel cell module; an air supplier for supplying air to the fuel cell module; and a fuel supplier for supplying the gaseous fuel to the blower. The blower recycles at least a portion of an unreacted gaseous fuel to the fuel cell module.

Abstract: A single fuel cell according to the present disclosure includes a power generation section, a power non-generation section which does not include the power generation section, and an oxygen-ion-insulating gas seal film arranged so as to cover the surface of the power non-generation section, and the gas seal film is configured by a structure formed by firing a material containing MTiO3 (M: alkaline earth metal element) and metal oxide. The structure may include a first structure and a second structure which are different in composition, the first structure may include components derived from MTiO3 in larger amounts than the second structure, the second structure may include a metal element contained in the metal oxide in a larger amount than the first structure, and the area ratio of the second structure in the structure may be not less than 1% and not more than 50%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alumina sintered body and a manufacturing method therefor; for example, the present invention relates to an alumina sintered body that is suitably utilized for a member or similar used in a plasma processing device, an etcher for semiconductor/liquid crystal display device manufacturing, a CVD device, or similar, or that is suitably utilized for a substrate or similar of a plasma-resistant member which is to be coated, as well as a manufacturing method for said alumina sintered body.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lithium-air battery including a redox mediator in an electrolyte and having a protective layer on an anode, and a method of manufacturing the same. The lithium-air battery includes an anode including a lithium metal, a protective layer positioned on the anode and including lithium fluoride (LiF), a cathode, and an electrolyte positioned between the protective layer and the cathode. Particularly, the electrolyte includes a halogen ion (X?) which is a redox mediator.