Abstract: Decorative sheet-type covering material having both PVC and polyurethane wear layers is made by first forming a sheet of gelled foamable PVC plastisol or organosol on a substrate. A layer of nonfoamable PVC plastisol or organosol is then applied to the gelled foamable layer and gelled, but not cured. A layer of polyurethane is then applied to the gelled nonfoamable layer and the entire sheet is heated to a temperature sufficient to decompose the blowing agent in the foamable layer and cure both of the PVC layers and the polyurethane layer.

Abstract: The method of treating sheet material such as leather and the like to make it supple in which the sheet material is subjected simultaneously to hot moisture and a cooling medium under pressure, alternatively from the grain side and from the flesh side in a continuous method. This is performed between two endless conveyor belts which are wetted by water, each of which is independently guided and saturated with water on the outer side and which are guided together on the inner side that is, they are guided alternatively from above and from below round a portion of the circumference of a plurality of rollers. Moistening, cooling and heating units are arranged on the outside of the rollers.

Abstract: A method of producing improved metal coated glassware and other brittle, non-metallic engineering materials, including items for laboratory and industry, which items are ordinarily brittle and subject to breakage or rupture under relatively low pressures and relatively minor impacts, said method utilizing an anti-bonding film, such as graphite, between the external surface of the glass, and a metal coating, which is generally chemically vapor deposited. The coated products have good impact strength, shock resistance, good heat distribution, good pressure capability, and an extremely high safety factor. Brittle fracture or rupture is a fracture unaccompanied by plastic or permanent deformation. Brittleness is that quality or property of a material that leads to crack propagation without plastic deformation.

Abstract: An improved process for imparting durable flame retardancy to textile materials wherein said material is impregnated with a solution having a poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation content of from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight, dried to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent, aerated by passing air through the dried material, cured by polymerizing the monomer on and in the cellulose material with exposure in an enclosed chamber to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia and thereafter contacting with water, the improvement comprising, impregnating said material with a poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation containing solution and a basic catalyst, said solution having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, and after contacting said material with said water, further exposing said material to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia.

Abstract: A continuous method of manufacturing a plurality of sheet material blanks each having a surface uniformly coated with a tacky layer comprises passing a long length of the sheet material through a first station in which tapes are applied to a surface of the sheet material transversely to the direction of movement of the sheet material and at longitudinally spaced-apart locations, at a second station applying a continuous layer of tacky material to the surface of the sheet material and over the tapes so that tapes mask portions of the surface, at a third station removing the tapes to leave transverse regions free of tacky material and then cutting the sheet material in the regions which are free of tacky material to thereby produce a plurality of sheet material blanks.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention, a chemically convertible liquid coating composition is applied to the surface of a glass substrate and subsequently converted to a solid, protective polymer film by the application of heat or other forms of energy. The chemically convertible coating composition contains at least three ingredients:(1) an epoxy resin derived from Bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin;(2) a flexibilizing, epoxy resin; and(3) a flexibilizing aliphatic amine curing agent.

Abstract: A novel method for the spray application of an ablative material to produce a coating having low density, high tensile strength and improved char retension comprising spraying a composition of silicone resin, silicaceous fibers and hollow silicaceous microspheres in a solvent and curing to form an ablative coating having a density of 10 to 15 lbs/ft.sup.3.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing polyurethane films and surface coatings from tall oil pitch. Tall oil pitch with an acid number of about 30-60 and a hydroxyl number of about 60-90 is esterified by adding about 5-15 weight fractions of an aliphatic alcohol comprising at least three OH-groups and about 0.1-0.5 weight fractions preferably p-toluenesulphonic acid per 100 weight fractions tall oil pitch, and by heat treatment at a lowered pressure until the acid number of the mixture is about 5-35 and the hydroxyl number is about 200-350. Aliphatic triisocyanate preferably dissolved in an inert organic solvent is added to the tall oil pitch ester thus attained in an amount such that the amount of isocyanate groups is 10-35 weight fractions per 100 weight fractions tall oil pitch ester. To the mixture thus attained is added known dilution agents and additives; the mixture is spread on a base material in a known way and the film or surface coating is finally polymerized at room temperature or at higher temperatures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming dense protective coatings of co-deposited aluminum oxide and titanium oxide on wear surfaces. The coating is formed by simultaneously reacting an aluminum halide gas and a titanium halide gas with water vapor on a surface maintained at a temperature of about 900.degree. to about 1250.degree. C. Reaction conditions are maintained to assure mixing of the titanium halide gas with the other reactants only in the reaction zone and compositions of the reactant gases are limited to produce a coating comprising alpha alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) with about 2% to about 10% hexagonal alpha titanium oxide (Ti.sub.2 O.sub.3) dispersed in the alumina matrix.

Abstract: A method for making a fire retardant coil zipper is disclosed. The method involves using a fire retardant material bath exhaust process, that is, immersing the zipper in an aqueous bath of the fire retardant material and heating the bath under pressure to thereby impregnate the zipper with the fire retardant material while exhausting the bath.

Abstract: Polymeric blends comprising a rubber latex and large particle size solid polyvinyl chloride resin provide good tuft lock in tufted carpets and enhance flame retardancy of same. The blend is applied to the carpet and dried at an elevated temperature below the flux temperature of the polyvinyl chloride resin.

Abstract: A method of thermally oxidizing heated silicon substrates with a mixture of oxygen and nitrosyl chloride in an inert gas diluent such as nitrogen. The ratio of oxygen to nitrosyl chloride is illustratively in the range of about 1:1 to about 20:1.

Abstract: An alkyl compound of zinc is reacted with alkyl compounds or alkoxyl compounds of boron and silicon in the presence of oxygen, thereby to deposit on a substrate zinc borosilicate glass film through a chemical vapor deposition process. The outlet nozzle of a raw material supply conduit for introducing the raw material compounds into a reaction zone is opened in the direction substantially in parallel with a surface of the substrate on which the glass film is to be deposited so that raw materials may be well mixed at the reaction zone. The glass film thus produced has a uniform thickness and a homogeneous composition of the constituents over an area at least of 40 mm extending from the nozzle and is suited for use as protection films for semiconductor devices and dielectric layer for a thin film capacitor on an industrial base.

Abstract: A method for surface treatment of an electrolytic tin plate, comprising treating a tin-plated steel sheet with an aqueous solution containing at least one selected from the group consisting of pyrazole derivatives and colloidal substances, drying and reflowing the tin-plated steel sheet.

Abstract: Method and composition for applying a coating to a metallic surface, the surface being immersed in an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising dispersed solid particles of an organic polymeric resinous coating-forming material and an oxidizing agent, wherein the weight or thickness of the coating formed on the surface is a function of the time the surface is immersed in the composition.

Abstract: Method and composition for applying a coating to a metal surface, the surface being contacted with an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising an organic coating-forming material, an acid, and a metal from a compound containing said metal, wherein the thickness and weight of the coating formed on the surface can be controlled by varying the amount of metal present in the composition and by varying the time the surface is contacted with the composition.

Abstract: Epoxy resin compositions comprising a first epoxy resin having a relatively low epoxy equivalent weight of about 170 to 200 and an average functionality of 2 or less, a second epoxy resin having a relatively high epoxy equivalent weight of about 900 to 1900 and an average functionality of 2 or less, and a curing system. Glass fabric is impregnated with the epoxy resin composition and formed into laminates, which are especially useful in the manufacture of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A high speed multi-faceted polygonal scanner is provided by injection molding. An adhesion promoting coating is applied to the injection molded acrylic polygon in order to accept subsequently applied thin reflective coating of for example aluminum which provides the finished faces of the multi-faceted scanner. Methods of employing these scanning systems in flying spot applications are also disclosed.

Abstract: A technique for generating long narrow microstructures based upon the shadowing effect of thick slits placed between a source and a substrate. The method is particularly well suited for forming optical waveguides using a mask having a slit with a width larger than the width of the stripe to be deposited and being thick relative to the width of said slit.

Abstract: A pressure fixing developer for electrostatic photography comprising a finely divided magnetic material and a binder as effective components and consisting essentially of substantially spherical particles of said finely divided magnetic material dispersed in a solid medium of said binder, said binder medium being composed of a resin composition comprising (a) 25 to 65% by weight based on the total binder of a hydrogenated styrene resin, (b) 5 to 45% by weight based on the total binder of a wax having a melting point of at least 60.degree. C. and (c) 10 to 30% by weight based on the total binder of a copolymer of anlefin with a carbonyl group-containing, ethylenically unsaturated monomer.