Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for detecting a target biomolecule in test sample by adding an internal control biomolecule to the test sample; to a negative control sample, to a positive control sample and to a reagent control sample or adding an internal control biomolecule to the test sample, to a negative control sample, to a positive control sample comprising the target biomolecule and providing a reagent control sample comprising the target biomolecule, determining in each sample a signal, and verifying the signal thereby detecting the target biomolecule. The invention is also related to a method for verifying the determination of a signal indicating the presence of a target biomolecule. The invention is further related to a method for detecting the presence or the absence of a member of a group of target nucleic acids in a sample and a method for verifying the determination of a signal indicating the presence of a member of a group of target nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a kit and a method for diagnosing cancer using polymorphic minisatellites (MS), more specifically, relates to a primer set for detecting polymorphic minisatellites MUC2-MS6 or MUC2-MS7 in the MUC2 gene, a DNA typing kit comprising said primer set, and a kit and a method for diagnosing cancer using a primer set for detecting polymorphic minisatellites MUC2-MS6, MUC2-MS7 or hTERT-VNTR 2-2. According to the present invention, DNA typing of MUC2-MS6 and MUC2-MS7 can effectively achieve the parentage identification, kinship identification or medicolegal examination, because the polymorphic minisatellites MUC2-MS6 and MUC2-MS7 are inherited through meiosis according to Mendelian genetics. In addition, the polymorphic minisatellites MUC2-MS6, MUC2-MS7 and hTERT-VNTR 2-2 can be used to predict and diagnose various cancers; such as gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer and prostate cancer etc.

Abstract: The small molecule profiles of cells are compared to identify small molecules which are modulated in altered states. Cellular small molecule libraries, methods of identifying tissue sources, methods for treating genetic and non-genetic diseases, and methods for predicting the efficacy of drugs are also discussed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compositions for the use of self-assembled monolayers to electronically detect nucleic acids, particularly alterations such as nucleotide substitutions (mismatches) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Abstract: Particular aspects relate to a method for determining the methylation pattern of a polynucleic acid, comprising: a) preparing a solution comprising a mixture of fragments of the polynucleic acid; b) coupling the fragments with a substance being detectable with a detection method; c) contacting a solution comprising the fragments of b) with a DNA microarray having a plurality of different immobilized oligonucleotides, each comprising at least one methylation site, at respectively assigned different locations thereon, the contacting under conditions affording hybridization of fragments with correlated immobilized oligonucleotides under defined stringency, and wherein the immobilized oligonucleotides have a length of less than 200 bases; d) optionally performing a a washing step; and e) detecting, using the physical detection method, such immobilized nucleic acids to which solution fragments are hybridized and/or to which solution fragments are not hybridized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for synthesising a bifunctional complex comprising an encoded molecule and an identifier polynucleotide identifying the chemical entities having participated in the synthesis of the encoded molecule, said method comprising the steps of i) providing a) at least one template comprising one or more codons capable of hybridising to an anti-codon, wherein said template is optionally associated with one or more chemical entities, and b) a plurality of building blocks each comprising an anti-codon associated with one or more chemical entities, and ii) hybridising the anti-codon of one or more of the provided building blocks to the template, iii) covalently linking said anti-codons and/or linking the at least one template with the anti-codon of at least one building block, thereby generating an identifier polynucleotide capable of identifying chemical entities having participated in the synthesis of the encoded molecule, iv) separating the template from one or more of the anti-codons

Abstract: The small molecule profiles of cells are compared to identify small molecules which are modulated in altered states. Cellular small molecule libraries, methods of identifying tissue sources, methods for treating genetic and non-genetic diseases, and methods for predicting the efficacy of drugs are also discussed.

Abstract: The invention relates to sensor compositions comprising a composite array of individual arrays, to allow for simultaneous processing of a number of samples. The invention further provides methods of making and using the composite arrays. The invention further provides a hybridization chamber for use with a composite array.

Abstract: A tooling system (1) having a number of elements (2) arranged in an array, which elements define a contoured surface, or a section of a contoured surface. The tooling system also including means (7) for mounting an element to a support rail (5) which extends across the array, which means allows adjustment of the height of the element with respect to other elements of the array, and extends through the support rail into a space defined below the support rail. A supporting element (6) formed from a suitable resistant material and including accommodation means (8) for the means for mounting, is located in the space below the support rail and is sized so that it substantially vertically fills the space between the support rail and a base on which the tooling system is located.

Abstract: The invention concerns genes that have been identified as being involved in estrogen metabolism, and are useful as diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive markers in cancer. In particular, the invention concerns genes the tumor expression levels of which are useful in the diagnosis of cancers associated with estrogen metabolism, and/or in the prognosis of clinical outcome and/or prediction of drug response of such cancers.

Abstract: Use of a pH sensor comprising an ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) to perform real time detection/quantification of nucleic acid amplification, e.g. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) nucleic acid amplification, based on detection of protons released during the primer extension phase.

Abstract: A method for determining the methylation status of a potential methylation site in genomic nucleic acid comprising treating genomic nucleic acid with an agent which modifies cytosine bases but does not modify 5methyl-cytosine bases under conditions to form a.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the isolation of a novel reagent selected for its binding characteristics to the proteins internalin B or internalin A. InIB is a surface-localized protein of Listeria monocytogenes that binds and activates the receptor tyrosine kinase Met. InIB promotes invasion of a number of cells including hepatocytes, endothelial and epithelial cell lines and causes activation of the actin-mediated internalization of the bacterium. InIA belongs to a large group of surface-localized leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins identified in the Listeria genome. InIA enables Listeria monocytogenes to invade non-phagocytic cells such as those of the human intestinal epithelium and is sufficient for adhesion to and inducing uptake into epithelial cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the detection and characterization of nucleic acid sequences and variations in nucleic acid sequences. The present invention relates to methods for forming a nucleic acid cleavage structure on a solid support and cleaving the nucleic acid cleavage structure in a site-specific manner. For example, in some embodiments, a 5? nuclease activity from any of a variety of enzymes is used to cleave the target-dependent cleavage structure, thereby indicating the presence of specific nucleic acid sequences or specific variations thereof.

Abstract: A method for the identification of DNA sequence elements in complex and highly variable sequences is described. The method consists of identifying a short sequence element of several DNA bases (2-6 bases) at a given position in the genome simultaneously on all parental alleles. The method allows differentiating mini-haplotypes on different alleles in one analysis. The method consists of carrying out an enzymatic primer extension reaction with a combination of extension primers (pool of primers) and analysing the products by mass spectrometry. The pool of primers is assembled in such a way that the primer extension product allows unambiguous identification of both the primer of the pool that was extended and the base that was added. The method is of great utility for DNA sequences harbouring many SNPs close to each other with many possible haplotypes. Such sequences are known in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC).

Abstract: Double-stranded nucleic acid hybridization probes comprise a longer strand perfectly complementary to a preselected target sequence in an assay and a shorter second strand complementary to the longer strand. The strands are labeled with interactive labels such as a fluorophore and a quencher. The probes may be used in real-time amplification assays to distinguish among alleles.

Abstract: This invention relates to nucleoside, nucleotide, and oligonucleotide analogs that incorporate non-standard nucleobase analogs, those that present a pattern of hydrogen bonds to a paired nucleobase analog in a complementary strand that is different from the pattern presented by adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Most specifically, this invention discloses and claims processes for amplifying nucleic acid analogs containing non-standard nucleobases using polymerase chain reactions, and combinations of non-standard nucleobases, analogs of standard nucleotides, and enzymes that perform this amplification.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods of reducing the range of representation levels of nucleic acid targets. The methods are particularly useful for multi-target analyses benefiting from a low variance of target representations, such as, e.g., single molecule sequencing and/or heterozygous genotyping, and pathogen diagnosis. Two general methods are provided. In Method 1, starting concentrations of probes are adjusted. In Method 2, target-specific probes are “binned,” i.e., several subsets of probes are selected based on similar representation levels. Thereafter, each subset of corresponding targets is extracted, with or without amplification, using a separate portion of the sample (i.e., separate vessels).

Abstract: Disclosed are improved methods of making and using immobilized arrays of nucleic acids, particularly methods for producing replicas of such arrays. Included are methods for producing high density arrays of nucleic acids and replicas of such arrays, as well as methods for preserving the resolution of arrays through rounds of replication. Also included are methods which take advantage of the availability of replicas of arrays for increased sensitivity in detection of sequences on arrays. Improved methods of sequencing nucleic acids immobilized on arrays utilizing single copies of arrays and methods taking further advantage of the availability of replicas of arrays are disclosed. The improvements lead to higher fidelity and longer read lengths of sequences immobilized on arrays. Methods are also disclosed which improve the efficiency of multiplex PCR using arrays of immobilized nucleic acids.

Abstract: This invention describes methods for generating nucleic acid probes that improve the sensitivity of hybridization assays. The sensitivity increase results from structural modifications of nucleic acids that promote network formation during hybridization with the result that a single target molecule becomes attached to a complex of many probe molecules. The structural modification involves fragmentation of the probe nucleic acid followed by joining the fragments together such that their order and orientation and number is altered from the original probe molecule. The result is the generation of permuted probe libraries. Individual members of permuted probe libraries can be isolated, amplified and perpetuated. Libraries can be prepared with additional sequences not present in the target and the fraction of the library made up by such sequences controlled.