Abstract: A gas jacket is provided in a lower portion of a cylinder block, so that an exhaust gas in an exhaust gas passage is supplied to the gas jacket through an exhaust gas supply passage having an exhaust gas supply valve. Fresh air in an intake passage is supplied to an intake passage through a fresh-air supply passage having a fresh-air supply valve. The temperature of a lower cylinder wall is controlled in a feedback manner to a target temperature for the lower cylinder wall. The target temperature for the lower cylinder wall is set at a sufficiently high temperature in a range in which an oil film of lubricating oil, extending from an intermediate portion of the cylinder wall to a bottom dead center of a piston, can be ensured. Therefore, the viscosity of the lubricating oil can be decreased to minimize the friction loss at slide portions of the cylinder wall and the piston, thereby providing an increase in engine output, a reduction in amount of fuel consumed and a reduction in lubricating oil consumed.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor in which partitions disposed within a vessel form first and second furnace sections, first and second troughs and a heat exchange section such that the first trough is disposed between the first furnace section and the heat recovery section and the second trough is disposed between the second furnace section and the heat recovery section. A fluidized bed is formed in each of the furnace sections for the combustion of fuel to generate heat and to generate a mixture of combustion gases and entrained particulate solids. The mixtures from the furnace sections are received in first and second horizontal cyclone separators, both formed within the vessel for separating the entrained particulate solids from the combustion gases. Outlet means extend from the horizontal cyclones to discharge the separated solids to the first and second troughs respectively.

Abstract: A method for calcining carbonaceous materials in a rotary kiln is disclosed. An oxygen injection lance provides oxygen through the wall of a firing hood and into the carbonaceous bed, which is at an elevated temperature. The oxygen burns a portion of the carbonaceous material, providing the necessary heat for calcining the remainder of the carbonaceous materials in the kiln.

Abstract: A tangentially-fired furnace is disclosed in enough detail to illustrate the location of injection ports for excess air above the fireball of the combustion chamber to eliminate the swirl of the flue gases as the flue gases flow into the convection section, in order to produce a uniform mass flow and temperature pattern of the flue gases over the cross section of the furnace exit.

Abstract: Image sensing and processing apparatus for use in an image facsimile system in which a subject is sensed in its primary red, green and blue colors as well as its complementary cyan, magenta and yellow colors to provide full color correction or enhancement as a function of color matrixing each primary color with its respective complementary color.

Abstract: A transfer case mounted to a torque transmission member includes a clutch assembly for selectively providing driving communication between the input shaft and output shaft of the transfer case. The clutch assembly includes a vane which propells excess hydraulic fluid within the transfer case to a spout which directs the excess fluid to the transmission member.

Abstract: In a wheeled carrier for transporting wafers of semiconductor material during processing, the wheels are non-rotatably mounted on axles and each pair of wheels has either central recesses on their outer faces accepting sub shafts in allignment with the axle, or central stub shafts projecting into recesses in a support structure, for rotation of the wheel/axle assemblies about opposing pairs of stub shafts. The stub shafts, and optionally the inner surfaces of the recesses, are highly polished and shaped to minimize resistance to motion caused by friction between the contact surfaces of the recess and stub shafts since the carrier is made of refractory material such as quartz having a high coefficient of resistance. To minimize accumulation of contaminating particles in the recesses in the wheels, passages are provided through the wheels between the recess and the inner face of each wheel for easier access to the bottom of the recesses.

Abstract: An air outlet device in a vehicle with an air conditioner comprises a duct which is disposed at the ceiling of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and communicates with the air conditioner. The duct is provided with a first set of air outlets and a second set of air outlets which are located downstream of the first set of air outlets. Within the duct, flow restriction means is disposed at a position downstream of the first set of air outlets and at the same time upstream of the second set of air outlets for restricting the flow rate of air admitted to the second set of air outlets. The first set of air outlets are adjustable to blow toward or away from a passenger of the vehicle. The second set of air outlets are fixed to blow in one direction and adapted to effect mild recirculation of air throughout the passenger compartment.

Abstract: A radiant having gas passages through which a combustible gas mixture can be passed for combustion at the surface of the radiant, characterised by an open high porosity structure of bonded refractory ceramic fibre and a surface configuration of square pyramids, with the gas passages between them.

Abstract: A dust-repelling apparatus for a vehicle of the type having a driver's seat accessible to dust and an operating instrument of the type which builds up dust and is arranged ahead of the driver's seat, said apparatus comprising at least one source of air current arranged between the driver's seat and the operating instrument with the discharge of the blast air current directed in the viewing direction of the driver. Preferably the source of the air current is at least one ventilator being directed toward the operating instrument and having a pressure effect opposite to the current of the dust built up by the operating instrument.