Abstract: The process for producing hydrogen gas according to the present invention consists of reacting aluminum with water in the presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also described. The apparatus comprises an expandable container wherein the pressure and temperature of the reaction causes the container to expand and contract to control the degree of immersion of a fuel cartridge in water and consequently to control the intensity and duration of the reaction.

Abstract: The present invention is related to methods and apparatus for improving distributions of both spent catalyst and transport gas into a regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit. Spent catalyst and transport gases move upwardly through a spent catalyst riser and are diverted in a radially outward direction by a deflector cone. The catalyst and transport gas are re-mixed as they move radially outward between two disks before discharging from the outer edges (perimeter) of the distributor into the regenerator in a substantially uniform radial direction. The distributor is adapted to provide continuous discharge from its perimeter so as to cover the entire cross-section of the regenerator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a honeycomb (14), particularly a catalytic converter substrate, with a honeycomb structure comprising a large number of ducts (16) running in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb, through which a fluid can flow, where the honeycomb possesses foil layers (15) arranged one above the other. In order to create a honeycomb permitting high efficiency of the catalytic conversion reactions with low thermal inertia, as well as inexpensive manufacture, it is proposed to provide ducts (16) whose cross-sectional dimension in a first direction is several times the cross-sectional dimension in another direction. In particular, the ducts can extend over the entire width of the honeycomb. In order to stabilise the honeycomb, stiffening elements (19, 20) can be provided, which are either integrated in the foil layers or separate (FIG. 3).

Abstract: An improved recirculating tank reactor incorporating the advantages of a fixed catalyst includes a monolithic honeycomb catalyst positioned within the tank in such a manner so as to provide an adjacent bypass passageway. Internal flow activation means are provided for recirculating the reactant liquid within the tank in such a manner that it sequentially flows through channels in the catalyzed honeycomb substrate and around the substrate through the bypass passageway.

Abstract: A wet type exhaust gas desulfurization apparatus includes a liquid reservoir which reserves absorption liquid containing absorbent and sulfite, a desulfurizing system which removes sulphur dioxide from combustion exhaust gas and forms sulfite, and an air supplying and circulating device which has a reduction section and supplies air to said liquid reservoir using a negative pressure generated due to said reduction section to oxidize the sulfite.

Abstract: The desulfurization reactor assembly is comprised of two sections. The first section comprises a plenum base having channels therein for inflow and outflow of vapor to be reacted with the channels traversing a chamber within the plenum base through which heating medium travels. The second section includes two pieces comprising a shell engageable to the plenum base within which is seated a self-sealing sorbent vessel having channels for receiving vapor inflow from and providing reacted vapor outflow to the respective channels of the plenum base, with the canister shell providing a continuation for passage of heating medium from the plenum base therethrough. The assembly is structured to produce sealing of the vapor channels in the sorbent vessel when the vessel is removed from engagement with the plenum base.

Abstract: A circular rotating body having a plurality of fan-shaped blocks is disposed inside a casing and driven to rotate. A gas absorption/releasing material in the blocks absorbs/releases a specific gas component from a gas mixture depending on temperature. The rotating body has a hollow static central portion which is divided to form two temperature adjusting fluid paths through which temperature adjusting fluids having different temperatures pass. First and second independent gas flow paths are defined by the casing. A gas mixture containing the gaseous component flows along the first gas flow path through blocks which are heated to a first temperature at which absorption takes place. The blocks are then rotated to a position wherein they are heated to a higher second temperature and release the gaseous component which is exhausted via the second gas flow path. Blocks sequentially enter positions which separate the two different zones.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for blending a solute and a solvent to form a solution product which substantially eliminates starting material and product operational loss while improving environmental safety both in the workplace and the ambient atmosphere. The apparatus and method employ a closed system and controls which remove substances from the overhead vapors generated in the various units by employing separate and distinct filtering systems. A high efficiency particulate air filter (HEPA) is employed in a closed solute supply means. A demister device is in fluid communication with the vent of the mixing vessel unit to remove solvent and solution products, to form droplets from the exhaust stream and return them to the mixing tank and discharging the exhaust stream without stress to the environment.

Abstract: A gas scrubber with an automatic disassembling device in accordance with the present invention comprises a burning chamber to treat the gas with heat, a wetting chamber connected to the burning chamber for removing water soluble components contained in the gas flowing in from the burning chamber, an outlet which exhausts gas that has been treated, and a housing that contains both the burning chamber and the wetting chamber, wherein said wetting chamber slides out of the housing along guide rails placed at the bottom side edges of the wetting chamber. The bottom back edge of the burning chamber is connected to the top back edge of the wetting chamber with a hinge and a pivot member is placed on both sides of the burning chamber so that when the wetting chamber slides out along the guide rail to the outside to the housing, the burning chamber rotates about 90 degrees in the inside of the housing.

Abstract: A method for removing oxygen from ammonia at low temperature is described. In one embodiment, oxygen contaminated ammonia is contacted with a getter material that includes iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen to yield ammonia that is substantially oxygen free. In one embodiment, the process of contacting ammonia with the getter material takes place at about 25° C. In another embodiment the weight ratio between iron and manganese is about 7:1. In another embodiment, the getter material is dispersed on an inert support of specific surface greater than 100 m2/g. In one embodiment, impure ammonia is contacted with getter material including iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen and with a drying agent that absorbs water to yield deoxygenated anhydrous ammonia. In yet another embodiment, an apparatus consisting of a gas inlet, gas purification chamber and gas outlet that deoxygenates ammonia when charged with getter material that includes iron and manganese is described.

Abstract: A weldless flanged catalytic converter includes a body having an exhaust inlet end and an outlet end, and a snorkel tube disposed at one or both the exhaust inlet and outlet ends. The snorkel tube has a first end extending from the converter body and a second, distal end having a weldless flange that is integrally formed from the snorkel tube. A movable flange is disposed about the snorkel tube prior to the formation of the weldless flange. A method for preparing the weldless flanged catalytic converter includes disposing a movable flange (configured with the required tapped holes or other connecting means) over the snorkel tube of the converter. A second, weldless flange is prepared by flanging out a portion of the catalytic converter snorkel tube using appropriate metal forming techniques. In use, the weldless flange is held between the movable flange on the snorkel tube and a connecting flange from, for example, the exhaust system.

Abstract: An energy efficient series of mass and energy integrated reactive distillation columns and distillation columns are used to effect the production of diaryl carbonate. Utilizing the method or apparatus of the invention facilitates high diaryl carbonate production rates, and convenient recovery of unreacted starting materials and side-reaction products for recycle within the process for making diaryl carbonates or utilization in parallel reactions such as the manufacture of dialkyl carbonates. The method makes use of three reactive distillation columns and two rectification columns which are joined by a plurality of lines for transferring reactants and/or products into and out of the columns.

Abstract: A honeycomb body, which is composed in such a manner that a strip of corrugated foil made of heat-resistant stainless steel containing aluminum and a strip of flat foil made of stainless steel are alternately wound or laminated on each other, is incorporated into an outer cylinder made of metal and integrated into one body by means of diffusion bonding, so that a diffusion bonded metallic catalyst carrier can be formed. Surface roughness of the strip of foil after the completion of diffusion bonding is 0.001 to 2.0 &mgr;m when it is expressed by center line average height Ra, and no sintered bridges are formed at both end portions of the diffusion bonded section in the longitudinal direction. The catalyst carrier is manufactured in a condition so that &lgr;b, which is defined by &lgr;b=6.

Abstract: A pollution control device that includes a housing, a pollution control element, and a sheet of mounting material. The mounting material is positioned around the monolith in a specific configuration to provide a tight fitting insulating wrap about the outer surface of the monolith. The sheet of mounting material is positioned such that at least a portion of the mating edges meet to form a seam that is non-perpendicular to the inlet and outlet of the monolith.

Abstract: There is provided a honeycomb structural body with a high cell density of 600 cells/in2 or greater and excellent catalyst loading properties. In a honeycomb structural body comprising a plurality of cells formed by providing partition walls composed mainly of cordierite, which has the chemical composition SiO2: 45-55 wt %, Al2O3: 33-42%, MgO: 12-18 wt %, in a honeycomb fashion, the density of the cells is at least 600 cells/in2 and the pore volume of the partition walls is at least 30%.

Abstract: A high-pressure treatment apparatus comprises a first solid reservoir, a second solid reservoir connected to the first solid reservoir through a first connecting pipe, a high-pressure reactor connected to the second solid reservoir through a second connecting pipe, means for feeding reaction medium into the high-pressure reactor, a first sealing unit and a second sealing unit intervened respectively in the first connecting pipe and second connecting pipe, a first fluid feed unit for feeding a first fluid between the first sealing unit and the second sealing unit, a second fluid feed unit for feeding a second fluid between the second sealing unit and the high-pressure reactor, and means for opening the second sealing unit at the time of shut-off of the first sealing unit and controlling the first fluid and the second fluid to form a pressure-gradient so that pressure between the first sealing unit and the second sealing unit and pressure between the second sealing unit and the high-pressure reactor decrease gr

Abstract: Switching valve utilizing a rotatable seal suitable for use in a regenerative thermal oxidizer, and oxidizer including the switching valve. The valve of the present invention exhibits excellent sealing characteristics and minimizes wear. The valve has a seal plate that defines two chambers, each chamber being a flow port that leads to one of two regenerative beds of the oxidizer. The valve also includes a switching flow distributor that provides alternate channeling of the inlet or outlet process gas to each half of the seal plate. The valve operates between two modes: a stationary mode and a valve movement mode. In the stationary mode, a tight gas seal is used to minimize or prevent process gas leakage. The gas seal also seals during valve movement.

Abstract: A purifier of a noxious gas is provided with structure for supplying a gas containing a noxious gas component, a buffer using a liquid which dissolves the noxious gas component in the supplied gas temporarily and later releases the dissolved noxious gas component, and structure for purifying the noxious gas component in the gas supplied from the buffer means. The liquid in the buffer dissolves the noxious gas component when the concentration of the noxious gas component in the supplied gas is high and releases the noxious gas component dissolved thus far when the concentration is low. When the noxious gas is ethylene oxide, water is used as the liquid.

Abstract: An exhaust systems converter comprising an endplates, with an annular rings, positioned around both annular sides of a catalyst, an intumescent mat support wrapped around the catalyst and the annular rings, and an oversized shell which is sized to the endplates and welded in place.

Abstract: The method and the device are configured for the catalytic removal of a pollutant contained in an exhaust gas of a combustion system using a reagent. A temporal mean, or time average, is formed for the concentration of the pollutant in the exhaust gas. The catalytic converter is laid out for complete conversion if the reagent is introduced stoichiometrically. Here, the reagent is introduced in substoichiometric proportions with respect to the time average of the pollutant content.