Abstract: An ultrasonic measuring apparatus having an ultrasonic transducer array for transmitting ultrasonic beams and receiving echoes corresponding to the beams. The array is divided into a transmission section and a reception section. The transducer elements of the transmission section emit sequentially ultrasonic beams at a predetermined angle to a plurality of targets in a subject. The elements of the reception section receives echoes corresponding to the ultrasonic beams and coming at a predetermined angle, i.e., from the direction crossing the transmission ultrasonic beam and converts the echoes to echo signals. The echo signals are added or averaged, thereby obtaining the time which ultrasonic waves require to propagate through the subject. The sound velocity at which the ultrasonic waves travel in the subject is calculated from this propagation time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flat panel display control apparatus which has the same number of dots as those of a CRT display device in the vertical and horizontal directions, has compatibility with the CRT display device, and displays each character by a plurality of dots in a matrix form. The flat panel display control apparatus has a video memory for storing character codes of characters to be displayed, a pattern generator for generating a character pattern corresponding to the character code generated from the video memory, an attribute data memory for storing attribute data for each character stored in the video memory, and an attribute controller for reading out the character pattern and the attribute data thereof so as to superimpose on the character pattern a lateral stripe pattern which repeatedly moves downward in a dot matrix constituting the character pattern when the attribute data indicates a high-light level of high-brightness display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel comprising: a liquid crystal display section; an array section of switching elements connected to first information signal lines of the liquid crystal display section, respectively; a driving circuit section which divides the switching element array section into a plurality of blocks and time-sharingly drives these blocks on a block unit basis; second information signal lines of wirings as many as the number of switching elements of one block among those blocks being connected to the driving circuit section; an information signal output circuit for applying an information signal to the second information signal lines; and an arithmetic operating circuit for correcting the information signal which is applied to the second information signal line in the previous block near the next block between the previous block which is previously driven and the next block which is driven next when the panel is time-sharingly driven for every block to an information signal to eliminate a high l

Abstract: A cursor generation circuit for an image display system that includes a storing circuit for storing image data. The storing circuit includes a first port to provide access to the image data to the display system and a second port to provide access to the image data to a display device for displaying the image data. A combining circuit is further provided to combine the image data with cursor data in the storing circuit when the storing circuit is being accessed by the display device. However, the combining circuit removes the cursor data from the image data when the image data is being accessed by the display system through the first port.

Abstract: The air gap between a rotor and a stator in rotating electrical machinery is determined using sonar techniques. An ultrasonic signal transmitter and receiver are mounted on one of the rotor and stator for transmitting ultrasonic signals to the other of the rotor and stator and receiving reflections therefrom. The time between signal transmission and reflected signal reception is determined, and the spacing of the rotor and stator is determined from the time, the velocity of sound, and the speed of rotation of the rotor.

Abstract: A level for emitting an audio-visual signal to indicate when the level attains a vertical or an horizontal condition includes an electric power supply, an electric buzzer, an electric light emitting device, a first printed circuit board having a ring of electrically conductive material thereon, a second printed circuit board having an electrically conductive cross pattern printed thereon, and a pendulum having an electrically conducting resilient biasing member to maintain contact between the first and second boards.

Abstract: An improved non-destructive sonic testing apparatus is disclosed which is specially adapted for use in assessing the integrity of wooden utility poles. In one embodiment, the sonic testing apparatus of the present invention operates to perform a Fourier analysis on a signal which has been transmitted through a pole to be tested. Two or more criteria selected from the group of mode, mean, median and range are then determined for the resulting waveform and compared in order to provide a visual display representative of the condition of the pole being tested. In another embodiment of the present invention a software peak seeking algorithm is utilized to provide an envelope waveform from which successive half lives are determined. The relative time duration for successive half lives are compared to provide an indication of the amount of decay.

Abstract: An ultrasonic apparatus and method for testing a material comprises an oscillator which generates a selected frequency in the ultrasonic range. A transducer is connected to the oscillator for applying an ultrasonic signal to the material and for receiving an echo signal back from the material. Two phase detectors are utilized one of which receives the echo signal and an in-phase oscillator signal to generate a first display signal, and the other of which receives a quadrature signal which is 90.degree. out of phase from the oscillator signal, as well as the echo signal to generate a second display signal. The first and second display signals are utilized in a visual display such as a cathode ray tube, to generate an image. The image changes according to the phase shift between the ultrasonic signal transmitted into the material and the echo signal, which, in turn, can be utilized to determine the presence and depth of a flaw or boundary in the material.

Abstract: An ultrasonic beam is made to penetrate into the rail from the median surface (A) of the rolling table of the rail along a direction forming in horizontal projection an angle (.alpha..sub.1) comprised between 10.degree. and 25.degree. with the longitudinal axis of the rail and in vertical projection an angle (.alpha..sub.2) with the symmetric plane of the rail comprised between 60.degree. and 80.degree.. The echoes reflected by a displaced oval flaw are detected either directly or indirectly.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer for generating an apodized beam of ultrasonic energy. A piezoelectric crystal element mounted in a housing generates on ultrasonic signal when electrically energized. A tungsten-epoxy layer mounted on the outer surface of the piezoelectric crystal element has a greater thickness at the periphery of the element than at the center, thus yielding an outwardly concave surface. The tungsten-epoxy layer provides a more uniform beam pattern.

Abstract: The equipment in this invention provided with an internal signal checking means configured in a combined use with signal processing and display means commonly furnished to an ultrasound diagnostic equipment stores various internal signals and in said equipment by selectively inputting them through a multiplexer into a video memory also used for receive echo signal storage, and said internal signals stored are displayed on a screen of a display means of said equipment as an image or they are evaluated by a processor in said equipment to perform internal signal checking.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ultrasonically scanning a subject with an ultrasonic head having a number of side-by-side transducer elements employing an increasing number of ultrasound transducer elements, successively activated, to obtain reception from different depth ranges. The ultrasound aperture is thereby enlarged in steps. The center of gravity of the aperture moves across the ultrasonic transducer elements in the scan direction, with one corner point remaining fixed. During such movement, the directional characteristic of the activated aperture is selected such that a sawtooth scan curves results, substantially approximating a straight line scan. All ultrasonic transducer elements are activated in this manner when scanning a greatest scan depth of the subject. The apparatus includes a channel for each transducer element, each channel including a depth compensation amplifier, a controlled switch device, and a delay device, with each of the channels being connected to a summing element at their outputs.

Abstract: An apparatus for observing a sound field of an ultrasonic wave, including a first unit which determines characteristic values of a medium at each point of a predetermined region by an ultrasonic wave having a sound field of an arbitrary form and a second unit which displays an output of the first unit as two-dimensional or three-dimensional distribution in the predetermined region, and allows control of the form of the sound field of the ultrasonic wave.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a method and device for non-destructive testing of electrically conducting objects (10) by means of penetrating ultra-sonic waves, whereby the ultra-sonics signals are electro-dynamically generated. While being tested the object is located in a magnetic field. The probes (30, 32) arranged on diametrically opposite sides of the object (10) are set at the smallest possible constantly maintained distance from the surface. The signals used for detecting the flaw are corrected so that any variations in the thickness of the object (10) in the area of the probes (30, 32) are taken into account.

Abstract: A mechanical delivery system for remotely positioning an ultrasonic sensor in mating engagement with a component to be inspected has an elongated support which can be manipulated at a first end from a remote location. A second end has an arm for carrying the sensor. A pin connects the arm to a housing which has an opening therein. A pinion gear is connected to the arm and a mating rack gear is connected to an actuator rod for moving the arm between a first position parallel to and within the housing and a second position wherein that portion of the arm carrying the sensor extends laterally of the housing through the housing's opening. The sensor is mounted on the arm such that it is permitted limited rotation about an axis perpendicular to the arm and limited rocking about a point on that axis thereby enabling the sensor to engage the component as a result of manipulation of the first end of the elongated support despite mispositioning of the second end of the support relative to the component.

Abstract: A device for inspecting a rail 2 of a railway track comprises a truck 1 running on the rail and carried by a railway vehicle. The truck carries at least one ultrasonic emitter and/or receiver probe 7, 8 in contact with the upper surface of the rail. At least one probe 8 is displaceable on a slide 6 while another probe 7 is fixed to the truck 1. The device comprises a jack 9 for displacing the probe 8 as a function of variations of the energy received by the receiver probe to compensate for fluctuations in the height of the rail.

Abstract: A system is provided for measuring the velocity of vibrations in a moving web, such as a sheet of paper. The system includes a transmitter coupled to the paper to transmit waves and a receiver to receive the waves. A signal processing system is used to determine the velocity.

Abstract: The spectral content of a transient stress wave event occuring on a plate-like structure is determined by locating a transducer on the surface of the structure at a position remote from the location of the transient stress wave event. Lamb waves resulting from and characteristic of the transient stress wave event propogate through the plate-like structure in a dispersive manner to be intercepted by the transducer. Analysis of the transducer output enables the spectral content of the transient stress wave event to be realized.

Abstract: System for monitoring containers with ultrasonic seals.According to the invention the seal is duplicated and comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer. The exciting signal is a voltage step applied to the transmitting transducer and the circuit able to supply said step is directly connected to the transmitting transducer without a connecting cable.Application to the monitoring of containers containing dangerous products, precious materials, documents, etc.

Abstract: A photosensitive electrophoretic display device is described which provides real time imaging without a reset cycle. This display device operates by the use of interdigitized electrodes at an addressing side of the display on which a photoconductor material having a varying resistance according to light exposure is provided in order to vary the electric field across the electrophoretic suspension. This enables movement of electrophoretic particles according to application of the proper voltages and light exposures.