Abstract: Disclosed is a process of producing a phosphate coating on a composite part consisting of steel and galvanized steel, which comprises alkaline cleaning, rinsing with an aqueous rinsing bath, and phosphatizing with an aqueous zinc phosphate solution. The formation of a non-uniform coating and of spots is avoided in the process of the invention by the use of a rinsing bath which contains at least 0.2 g/l alkali borate, at least 0.1 g/l alkali silicate and at least 0.05 g/l alkali nitrite, and which preferably contains said components in a total up to 5 g/l.If the composite part is to be activated with an activating bath which contains titanium phosphate before being contacted with the zinc phosphate solution, the activating bath must contain at least 1 g/l and preferably up to 4 g/l of tetraalkalipyrophosphate.The process of the invention can be used to prepare composite parts of steel and galvanized steel for subsequent painting, particularly by electrophoretic dip painting.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for separating complex mixtures of components, particularly bio-organic molecules, preferably on the basis of two independent physical characteristics. A sample initially is resolved in a first stage to yield a fluid stream containing the components of the sample longitudinally separated. The fluid stream then is aligned incident to the inlet face of a gel slab positioned in an electric field, having a field strength sufficient to force the separated and charged components from the flowing stream into the gel slab substantially simultaneously with exposure of said charged components to the electric field. Gel electrophoresis of the sample can then proceed in a known manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer having the structure ##STR1## and mixtures thereof wherein R is a perhalogenated aromatic or cyclo aliphatic radical containing from 6 to 7 carbon atoms in the cyclic structure; R.sup.1 is hydroxy or C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl; EO represents the radical --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--; PO represents the radical ##STR2## m is an integer having a value of from 6 to 20; and x, y, z, x', y' and z' each represent an integer having a value of from 0 to 50 with the proviso that the sums of x+y+z and of x'+y'+z' are greater than 5.The application is also directed to the preparation and use of the above polymer.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for increased stability of enzymes in oxidant dry bleach. Enzyme stability is adversely affected by increased temperature, humidity, and the presence of strong oxidants, such as peracids. The instant invention provides enzyme stability in the presence of oxidant bleaches by coating or encapsulating the enzyme, while providing enzyme solubility suitable for use in bleach mixtures upon introduction to an aqueous medium. Particularly, alkali and neutral materials act as protection agents, which neutralize oxidant species before they contact and denature the enzyme. Other standard bleaching composition adjuncts such as builders, fillers, buffers, brighteners, fragrances, and the like may be included in the enzyme-containing oxidant bleach composition in addition to the discrete coated enzyme granules.

Abstract: An advanced epoxy cationic resin having a charge density of from 0.2 to 0.6 milliequivalent of cationic charge per gram of resin is prepared by reacting in the presence of a suitable catalyst (A) a composition comprising (1) at least one diglycidyl ether of (a) an oxyalkylated aromatic diol or (b) an oxyalkylated cycloaliphatic diol or (c) certain oxyalkyalted aliphatic diols and (2) at least one diglycidyl ether of a dihydric phenol with (B) at least one dihydric phenol and optionally (C) a monofunctional capping agent. Components (A-1) and (A-2) are employed in quantities such that from 10 to 75 weight percent of the diglycidyl ethers contained in component (A) are contributed by component (A-1), and from 25 to 90 weight percent of such glycidyl ethers are contributed by component (A-2). Components (A) and (B) are employed in such quantities that the resultant epoxy resin has an average epoxide equivalent weight of from 350 to 10,000.

Abstract: The first embodiment of the present invention is a process for producing a multicolor display comprising the following steps (a) a transfer panel which has thereon electroconductive layers insulated with each other is immersed in an electrodeposition bath, in which a voltage is applied to one or more of said electroconductive layers to be colored with a same color to form the color layer thereon, (b) said step (a) is repeated with the other colors to form a multicolor layer, and (c) said multicolor layer is transferred onto a transparent substrate. The second embodiment of the present invention is an improved process of the first embodiment, wherein both the multicolor layer and the electroconductive layer are transferred onto the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A detergent compatible granular fabric softening composition, comprising a water soluble quaternary ammonium compound, a clay having an ion exchange capacity of at least 50 meq./100 g and one or more amides, imides and urea derivatives according to four specifically defined formulae.A preferred group of amides to be applied are those according to the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl group and wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, independently, represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl, --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.x H or --(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.x H wherein x has a value of 1 to 25, with the provisos that the sum of the carbon atoms of two radicals of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is at least 16 and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are not at the same time hydrogen. More preferred are N-stearylstearamide or N-oleylpalmitamide.Additionally the invention relates to detergent compositions comprising these softening compositions.

Abstract: A stable, isotropic fabric softening composition includes relatively high levels of a 2-n-alkyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one to provide immediate and residual mildewstatic activity on fabrics treated therewith. The composition also includes a quaternary ammonium or imidazolinium fabric softener having an iodine value of between about 20 and 70, an organic solvent matrix and optionally, a fatty acid soap, surfactant and pH adjusting agent, all to the promote the isotropic quality of the composition.

Abstract: Compositions capable of providing effective softness and antistatic properties to fabrics laundered therewith even when such compositions are added to the wash cycle along with built anionic based detergents. The compositions include a combination of ethoxylated or propoxylated quaternary ammonium compounds, a mono-higher alkyl quaternary ammonium compound and powdered nylon and can be formulated in granular or liquid form.

Abstract: There are described vinyl ether terminated ester oligomers which cure or polymerize particularly rapidly, especially by cationic polymerization which is radiation induced in the presence of an onium salt. The oligomeric units arise from the reaction of a polycarboxylic acid having at least three carboxylic acid groups with a diol, although esters with triols and higher polyhydric diols also are useful, especially where an extensively cross-linked product is desired. The carboxyl-terminated oligomeric esters are esterfied with vinyl ether terminated alcohols which can be thought of as the adducts of alkynes and diols.

Abstract: Method in the after-treatment of electrophoretic gels containing separated components, in that the gel is caused to rotate in a selected fixation, staining or destaining solution during at least a part of the total processing time which is calculated from given processing data with continuous temperature measurement.

Abstract: Cyclic hemiacetals thereof of the formula ##STR1## where A is saturated hydrocarbyl of 2 to 16 carbon atoms which may contain --O-- as a bridge member are prepared by subjecting cyclic ethers of the formula ##STR2## where A has the abovementioned meaning, to anodic oxidation in aqueous solution at current densities of over 30 mAcm.sup.-2.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition suitable for textile fabrics composed of natural or synthetic fibers, or blends thereof, comprising: one or more ammonium salts having flame retardant properties in admixture with a water soluble amide that thermally decomposes at temperatures below the ignition temperatures of the textile fabrics, the preferred embodiment of which is an admixture of ammonium phosphate, monobasic; ammonium phosphate, dibasic; ammonium sulphate; ammonium bromide; urea; and water; which composition can be topically applied in situ to natural or synthetic fibers, or blends thereof and dried by simple aeration to effectate flame retardability.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition containing a reactive dye of the following formulaD--SO.sub.2 X).sub.nwherein D is an organic dye residue having 1 to 3 sulfonic acid grups, X is a group of --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Y in which Y is a splittable group by the action of an alkali, and n is a number of 1 or 2, in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the composition, which composition is improved in storage stability at a low temperature, is produced by preparing an undemimeralized agueous solution of the dye of the above formula, dissolving at least one additive selected from lactams and aminoalcohols in the solution, controlling the resulting solution to a temperature of -10.degree. C. to 5.degree. C. to crystallized inorganic salts contained therein, and separating the crystallized inorganic salts, the said additive being used in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the composition.

Abstract: Contact lens cleaning compositions containing a carboxy vinyl polymer, and a method of cleaning contact lenses with such compositions are descrived. The compositions are capable of cleaning soiled contact lenses very rapidly and completely due to the cleaning action of an abrasive precipitate formed by the carboxy vinyl polymer component when a small amount of compositions is rubbed on the lenses.

Abstract: A curved-surface cassette/gel system is disclosed in which the walls of a cassette and the major surfaces of a slab-shaped electrophoresis gel in the cassette coact to substantially exclude liquid or gas from between either wall and the major surfaces of the gel. Exclusion is accomplished by exerting a normal force at all points on the walls of the cassette and at all points on the major surfaces of the gel. A curvature may be present in at least one wall of the cassette and in at least one major surface of the cassette. A cassette headpiece may be divided by septa which form an edge seal with the slab gel. The spaces formed between the septa function as wells into which sample materials may be placed.

Abstract: A method of separating DNA molecules by gel electrophoresis is disclosed which employs alternate application of high and low strength electric fields in opposite directions to a gel matrix containing DNA. The high strength field is maintained for a shorter interval than the low strength field, and the ratio of the product of the low strength field and its pulse interval to the product of the high strength field and its pulse interval is greater than 4:1 and sufficient to produce a net migration of the DNA molecules in the direction of the low strength field.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer having the structure ##STR1## and mixtures thereof wherein R is a perhalogenated aromatic or cyclo aliphatic radical containing from 6 to 7 carbon atoms in the cyclic structure; R.sup.1 is hydroxy or C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkoxy; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl; EO represents the radical --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--; PO represents the radical ##STR2## m is an integer having a value of from 6 to 20; and x, y, z, x', y' and z' each represent an integer having a value of from 0 to 50 with the proviso that the sums of x+y+z and of x'+y'+x' are greater than 5.The application is also directed to the preparation and use of the above polymer.

Abstract: After two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins or the like, resulting in a polyacrylamide gel slab having a pattern of protein gel spots thereon, an individual protein gel spot is cored out from the slab, to form a gel spot core which is placed in an extraction tube, with a dialysis membrane across the lower end of the tube. Replicate gel spots can be cored out from replicate gel slabs and placed in the extraction tube. Molten agarose gel is poured into the extraction tube where the agarose gel hardens to form an immobilizing gel, covering the gel spot cores. The upper end portion of the extraction tube is filled with a volume of buffer solution, and the upper end is closed by another dialysis membrane.

Abstract: A process for the electrophoretic application of self-cleaning enamel systems free form aluminium on sheet steel by the two layered/single stoving process, comprising applying a base layer in a thickness of 80 to 120 .mu.m to a steel substrate, and then applying a top coat to said base coat, said top comprising an enamel suspension having a specific conductivity adjusted to a value below 2000 .mu.S.cm.sup.-1.