Abstract: A very compact interference frequency generator (11) which emits with an extremely wide band width and extremely powerfully is afforded by the combination of a mechanical pulse generator (25) with two piezoelectric pillars (13) which are disposed axially in succession and which can be axially acted upon by the pulse generator (25) and which are electrically connected in series in opposite relationship and which are electrically conductively connected with their mutually remote ends (18) to electrodes (34) which extend parallel to the piezoelectric pillars (13) to an electrically conductive coupling portion (15) between the piezoelectric pillars (13) where they end as electrodes (36) of an axial spark gap and at the same time spark gaps (37) which are oriented inclinedly radially towards the coupling portion (15).

Abstract: A power output stage for capacitive loads includes: an energy storage inductance, having one end connected to a reference potential and an opposite end connected on the input side to a power supply connection and on the output side to a secondary energy storage capacitance; a primary energy storage capacitance is connected upstream of the energy storage inductance on the input side, and connected on the input side via a primary switching element with a reference potential, and a secondary switching element connected in series with the secondary energy storage capacitance (4), characterized in that the input of the power output stage is clocked by an additional switch.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave filter device includes balanced signal terminals, and surface acoustic wave filters respectively connected to the balanced signal terminals, and at least one surface acoustic wave resonator connected between at least one of the balanced signal terminals and a ground terminal.

Abstract: An ultrasonic-actuator driving apparatus includes an ultrasonic actuator including a transducer and a driven body that is in contact with the transducer, the transducer to which a frequency signal is applied friction-driving the driven body; an original-signal outputting unit for outputting an original signal; a waveform averaging unit for averaging the original signals during a predetermined period to calculate average-waveform data; a position detecting unit for detecting an absolute position of the driven body with respect to the transducer; a position averaging unit for averaging the absolute positions during a predetermined period to calculate average-position data; a control-signal calculating unit that generates a control signal for controlling the frequency of the original signal based on the average-waveform data and the average-position data and supplies the control signal to the original-signal outputting unit; and a driving unit for generating the frequency signal based on the original signal and

Abstract: In a surface acoustic wave device in which balanced terminals extend from series IDTs, noise coming from an electrical-potential signal at the series connection point of the series IDTs is removed to improve the degree of balance. A surface acoustic wave filter includes a pair of surface acoustic wave reflectors disposed on a piezoelectric substrate along the propagation direction of surface acoustic waves, and a plurality of IDTs disposed between the two surface acoustic wave reflectors. Two opposing electrode fingers of the IDTs, which are series IDTs, are connected to corresponding balanced terminals, and the series connection point thereof is grounded. As a result, noise coming from an abnormal electrical-potential signal generated at the series connection point is removed to improve the degree of balance between the balanced terminals.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator with high performance such as high speed and high resolution is inexpensively provided with solutions to problems associated with power supply and leakage flux, which have been involved in the structure of a moving coil type and have been shortcomings of a VCM type actuator. A composite electromagnetic actuator apparatus employs the foregoing electromagnetic actuator. The electromagnetic actuator is equipped with a stationary assembly that includes two coils disposed coaxially with each other inside a hollow stator yoke composed of a soft magnetic material, and a movable assembly composed of a movable magnet unit and a movable yoke unit both disposed inside the coils with a very small clearance therefrom so as to be movable in the axial direction, wherein the movable assembly travels in the axial direction by the interaction between a magnetic field generated by the movable magnet unit and a current passing through the coils.

Abstract: An integrated MEMS resonant generator system includes a substrate, a plurality of piezoelectric micro generators disposed on the substrate, the micro generators each generating a voltage output in response to vibrational energy received, and at least one power processor disposed on the substrate. The power processor electrically coupled to outputs of the plurality of micro generators. When the input conditions change, the power processor can dynamically adjust its switching functions to optimize the power delivered to a load or energy storage reservoir.

Abstract: A unidirectional acoustic probe including a high-performance interconnection network, and a method of manufacturing such a probe. The unidirectional acoustic probe includes linear piezoelectric transducers on the surface of a dielectric film. The dielectric film includes a connection device to electrically connect the piezoelectric transducers to a control device. The connection device includes primary connection pads, facing the piezoelectric transducers, secondary connection pads, offset with respect to the piezoelectric transducers, so that the transducers can be connected to the control device, and conducting tracks connecting the primary connection pads to the secondary connection pads. The conducting tracks are in a direction perpendicular to the direction defined by a major axis of the piezoelectric transducers.

Abstract: In order to provide a linear actuator which is capable of solving deposition of deposit due to a long-time use and preventing malfunction, the linear actuator has a driving shaft 3 which reciprocates or expands and contracts to its axial direction, a slider 4 which is frictionally engaged with the driving shaft so as to be movable along the driving shaft, and driving controller for controlling a motion of the driving shaft so that the slider moves to an arbitrary moving direction. The driving controller has a self-maintenance mode for advancing N2 and retreating N1 the slider 4 alternatively, and making an advancing amount and a retreating amount different, controlling the driving shaft 3 so as to entirely move the slider 4 to any one of the directions.

Abstract: A substrate is formed with a chamber having an opening which is defined by first edges extending in a first direction with a first dimension and second edges extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction with a second dimension shorter than the first dimension. A vibration plate is provided on the substrate so as to seal the opening. A first common electrode to be fixed at a predetermined potential is formed on the vibration plate. A first piezoelectric layer is laminated on the first common electrode so as to oppose the chamber. The first piezoelectric layer extends in the first direction such that both end portions thereof in the first direction are beyond the second edges of the opening. A drive electrode to which a drive signal is supplied externally is laminated on the first piezoelectric layer. A second piezoelectric layer is laminated on the drive electrode so as to oppose the chamber.

Abstract: A tuning fork-type crystal vibrator is provided that has improved CI and shock resistance. The tuning fork-type crystal vibrator includes a tuning fork-shaped crystal element made of a pair of tuning fork arms having grooves in their principal surfaces, and a tuning fork base portion from which the pair of tuning fork arms extends, an outer shape of the tuning fork-shaped crystal element being processed by etching. The tuning fork-type crystal vibrator has a protrusion, formed due to anisotropy of said etching, on a +X surface of the lateral faces of the tuning fork-shaped crystal element, and a first slanted portion rising from a ?X direction in a +X direction formed in a tuning fork slit. A tip of the tuning fork slit on a principal surface side is shifted in +X direction from a center line bisecting the tuning fork-shaped crystal element in a width direction to a position at which tuning fork vibrations of the pair of tuning fork arms are balanced.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a piezoelectric actuator which uses strontium ruthenate as the material of the bottom electrode, and which uses PMN-PT as the material of the piezoelectric layer. This piezoelectric actuator comprises a base layer (31, 20) of SiO2 or Si ((100) orientation or (110) orientation), a buffer layer (41) constituted by strontium ruthenate (SRO), and a piezoelectric layer (44) constituted by a relaxor dielectric (PMN-PT) with a rhombohedral or quasi-cubic crystal structure oriented in the (001) direction at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor having a stator with concentrating windings with the following structure so that permanent magnet (6) is hard to subjected to demagnetization magnetic field: 0.3 Lg<La?2.0 Lg, where La is a clearance between teeth of stator (1), and Lg is an air-gap between stator (1) and rotor (2), and yet outer walls of both ends of the permanent magnet (6) disposed within rotor (2) in a rim direction are tapered toward inside from a rotor rim in a radial direction and thus form recessed section on the outer walls of the magnets. As a result, withstanding force against demagnetization is expected to increase.

Abstract: Linear electric generators include stationary windings and armature magnets arranged to reciprocate axially relative to the windings, or stationary magnet structures and movable windings arranged to reciprocate relative to the stationary magnet structures. The armature magnets or stationary magnet structures are in the form of multiple pole magnets made up of a plurality of individual pole structures, each pole structure including a pair of magnets joined to each other with facing poles of like polarity. In addition, the windings may be in the form of a double winding structure including at least one first clockwise winding and at least one second counterclockwise winding arranged in a multi-layered stacked arrangement.

Abstract: A wireless switch is provided having a twenty-year life energy harvesting arrangement for self-powering a wireless transmitter. The energy harvesting arrangement is implemented in one embodiment using a piezoelectric switch element. A tritium light source and photovoltaic device are used in a second embodiment, while a black light source and photovoltaic device are used in a third embodiment. The energy harvesting wireless switch arrangement of the present invention can be combined, for example, with a vehicle side mirror switch, to reduce the complexity of the wire harness feeding the door. The wireless switch can be located without regard to accessability of a wiring harness or connector.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive (P/E) device includes a pair of mutually opposing metal thin plate sections, a movable section, and a fixation section for supporting the thin plate sections and the movable section. One or more piezoelectric/electrostrictive elements are arranged on at least one thin plate section of the pair of thin plate sections. Any one of the movable section and the fixation section has mutually opposing end surfaces, and a distance between the end surfaces is not less than the axial length of the movable section.

Abstract: A tuning fork type quartz crystal unit has a base and a pair of arms extending from respective ends of the base in a crystallographic Y direction of quartz crystal. Each of the arms comprises a first crystal member and a second crystal member which extend in the Y direction. The first crystal member and the second crystal member are joined to each other in a crystallographic YZ plane by a direct bonding such that the first crystal member and the second crystal member have respective crystallographic X directions oriented away from each other and extending parallel to each other. Each of the arms has excitation electrodes disposed respectively on a pair of exposed surfaces thereof which lie in the YZ plane. The direct bonding comprises, for example, a siloxane bond by which the first crystal member and the second crystal member are joined to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to the decoupling device for an actuator, which has a number of decoupling elements. A securing element is disposed between these decoupling elements. The actuator is fastened to the securing element. The decoupling elements rest against radial support shoulders and axial support shoulders of the securing element and a housing. These are embodied so that radial, axial, and tangential oscillations of the actuator are decoupled from the housing.

Abstract: In a gallium phosphate crystal, a crystallographic Y-axis and a Z-axis that have been rotated about an X-axis counterclockwise through an angle ? is referred to as a Y?-axis and a Z?-axis, respectively, where the angle ? is in a range from 10° to 20°. A piezoelectric crystal material made of gallium phosphate is provided as a plate-shaped member which is elongate in an X-axis direction and cut from the gallium phosphate crystal parallel to an X-Z? crystal plane of the gallium phosphate, and the plate-shaped member has sides parallel to an axis that is obtained by rotating the Y?-axis counterclockwise about the X-axis in an angular range from 1° to 3°.

Abstract: An electric machine includes a stator having a laminated core comprising a stack of sheet metal stampings having a central opening, a plurality of undercut anchoring elements around the central opening, and a hub which is cast in place in the central opening so that the anchoring elements are at least partially embedded in the hub.