Abstract: Negative-working electrostatic liquid developer consisting essentially of(A) nonpolar liquid having Kauri-butanol value less than 30, present in major amount,(B) particles, average by area particle size of less than 10 .mu.m, of a polymer prepared from the reaction product of polymeric resin having free carboxyl groups and a metal alkoxide as defined, and(C) nonpolar liquid soluble ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound.Optionally a colorant and an adjuvant compound are present. Process of preparation of electrostatic liquid developers is described. The developer is useful in copying, making proofs including digital color proofs, Lithographic printing plates, and resists.

Abstract: The first aspect of this invention resides in providing an .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition comprising an .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine and metal-free phthalocyanine. This .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition is stable, wide in range of absorption wavelengths, and high in spectral sensitivity because it contains an .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine in combination with metal-free phthalocyanine.The second aspect of this invention resides in providing a method for the production of an .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition comprising an .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine and a metal-free phthalocyanine, which method comprises pigmenting a concentrated sulfuric acid solution containing at least titanyl phthalocyanine by the acid paste process consisting in pouring said concentrated sulfuric acid solution into water. By this method, an .alpha.-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition stable to withstand the impact of aging can be easily produced.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor is disclosed, which comprises an electroconductive support, a photoconductive layer formed on the electroconductive support, and an overcoat layer formed on the photoconductive layer, in which the overcoat layer comprises a binder resin and one component selected from the group consisting of a crown ether, a polyalkylene glycol, a polyalkylene glycol ester and a polyalkylene glycol ether. The overcoat layer may be composed of an intermediate layer formed on the photoconductive layer, and a protective layer formed on the intermediate layer in such a manner that any of the crown ether and polyalkylene glycol derivatives is contained in the intermediate layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a xeroprinting process which comprises(1) providing a xeroprinting master comprising(a) a substrate; and(b) a softenable layer comprising a softenable material, a charge transport material capable of transporting charges of one polarity, and migration marking material situated contiguous to the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, wherein a portion of the migration marking material has migrated through the softenable layer toward the substrate in imagewise fashion;(2) uniformly charging the xeroprinting master to a polarity opposite to the polarity of the charges that the charge transport material in the softenable layer is capable of transporting;(3) uniformly exposing the charged master to activating radiation, thereby discharging those areas of the master wherein the migration marking material has migrated toward the substrate and forming an electrostatic latent image;(4) developing the electrostatic latent image; and(5) transferring the developed image to a receiver shee

Abstract: The present invention provides a capsule toner having many wrinkles or hollows and upheavals and containing liquid in a shell, which is useful for toner for pressure fixation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic laminated photosensitive material of the positive charging type comprising an electroconductive substrate, a charge-transporting layer formed on the substrate and a charge-generating and transporting layer formed on the charge-transporting layer. The charge-transporting layer is composed of a binder resin containing a hole-transporting substance, and the charge-generating and transporting layer is composed of a binder resin containing a hole-transporting substance different from the hole-transporting substance in the charge-transporting layer and a charge-generating substance. The oxidation potential of the hole-transporting substance in the charge-generating and transporting layer is higher than that of the hole-transporting substance in the charge-transporting layer, but the difference of the oxidation potential between the hole-transporting substances of the two layers is smaller than 0.3 eV.

Abstract: A method of preparing a permanent photopolymer master with a permanent latent image for use in electrostatic image transfer to a receiving substrate is provided in which the photopolymer master is first flood pre-exposed to increase the resistivity of the entire photopolymer material and then is selectively exposed for a second time to form the permanent latent image in areas of high resistivity and to leave the background areas of the photopolymer with lower resistivity.

Abstract: A liquid toner composition for use in development of a latent electrostatic image in an electrostatic imaging process, which comprises an insulating, nonpolar liquid having admixed therewith a first type of pigmented particles carrying charges of a first polarity and a second type of pigmented particles carrying charges of a second polarity, opposite to the first polarity.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images with a good combination of fixability, anti-offset characteristic, anti-sticking characteristic and pulverizability is provided as a composition comprising a colorant or magnetic material and a binder resin. The binder resin has 0.1 to 60 wt. % of a chloroform-insoluble or a THF (tetrahydrofuran)-insoluble and a THF-soluble, the THF-soluble providing a molecular weight distribution in the chromatogram of GPC (gel permeation chromatography) thereof such that there are a main peak in the molecular weight range of 1,000 to 25,000 and a sub-peak or shoulder in the molecular weight range of 2,000 to 150,000. The binder resin may suitably be obtained through two polymerization steps including a solution polymerization step and a suspension polymerization step.

Abstract: An electrophotographic developer is disclosed, that contains toner particles and fine particles of tin oxide having an electrical resistivity of from 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.9 .OMEGA..cm. The developer ensures efficient image transfer and exhibits good developing ability.

Abstract: A developer carrier is disclosed, which has a core containing a binder resin and a magnetic powder, and a surface layer thereon containing a compound having a lower critical surface tension than the binder resin. This developer when used in a magnetic brush development process provides superior charge characteristics, resistance to environmental changes, and extended life. In another aspect, the invention relates to a developer carrier produced by a process of (a) melting a carrier composition containing a binder resin, a magnetic powder and a compound having a lower critical surface tension than the binder resin, (b) spraying the molten carrier composition to form droplets, and (c) cooling the droplets with a gas stream having a temperature lower than the melting point of the composition to form substantially spherical particles having a high surface smoothness.

Abstract: Electrophotographic toner is provided which contains 30-80% by weight of a polymer per total weight of a resin included in the toner, said polymer is obtained by continuously feeding a vinyl monomer, a polymerization initiator and a solvent into a system of 190.degree.-230.degree. C. to conduct polymerization under a liquid state, and said polymer is a vinyl polymer having a number average molecular weight of 1,000-5,000 and a glass transition temperature of 40.degree.75.degree. C. The preparation method of the electrophotographic toner is also provided. The toner is excellent in the fixing ability at high duplication speed and lower temperatures.

Abstract: An insulative magnetic toner disclosed herein comprises a magnetic powder, a negative charge control agent, a binder resin and a compound having phenazine ring amorphous-silicon photoreceptor.The magnetic toner according to the invention is effective for preventing the occurrence of picture image blurring under high humidity when used in an amorphous-silicon photoreceptor.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic latent image containing a polyester resin binder obtained by condensation polymerization of a diol component and a mixture of acid components. The acid components are an aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an acid anhydride thereof and a polybasic carboxylic acid having not less than three carboxylic acid groups or an acid anhydride thereof. A ratio of the polybasic carboxylic acid having not less than three carboxylic acid groups or the acid anhydride thereof to the total acid components is in the range of from 5 mol % to less than 30 mol %.

Abstract: A dry nonelectroscopic toner surface coated with 3 to 40% by weight of an organofunctional substituted fluorocarbon compound. Toners of the invention are useful for developing photosensitive elements having imagewise tacky and complementary nontacky image areas. The surface coating imparts good toning and clean-up characteristics, together with improved performance on aging.

Abstract: A positively charged liquid developer composition comprised of resin particles, a hydrocarbon, laked carbon black particles, and a charge director.

Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotography has a photosensitive layer provided on a conductive layer. The photosensitive layeer contains a hydrazone compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for an aryl group which may have a substituent(s); each of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 stands for a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an allyl group, an aryl group which may have a substitutent(s), or an aralkyl group; and n stands for an integer of 0 to 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid developer for electrostatic latent images which comprises a toner comprising a colorant and a binding agent as the main components dispersed in an aliphatic hydrocarbon carrier liquid, characterized in that said colorant is prepared by using a yellow dye or pigment having the following general formula (I), ##STR1## (wherein X and Y represent --H, --OCH.sub.3, --Cl, --CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3).

Abstract: An electrophotoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate, a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer wherein the charge transport layer comprises a polymeric binder and a hydrazone compound as the charge transport material. The photoreceptor exhibits improved sensitivity, residual potential, durability and reproductibility.

Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotography comprising a photosensitive layer on a conductive substrate, said photosensitive layer containing as a binder resin a modified polycarbonate resin having the repeating structural units represented by the following general formula (1) and (2); ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms and a halogen atom, at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 being the alkyl or the halogen atom, and ##STR2## the ratio of the repeating structural unit of the general formula (1) to that of the general formula (2) being at least 20:80. This photosensitive member is highly resistant to mechanical wear and the deterioration of sensitivity and chargeability.