Abstract: A method of obtaining alkaline battery separators. Such method comprises ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of a sensitizer and oxygen contained in the air of low density polyethylene film at ambient temperature and normal pressure to effect cross-linking and subsequently graft polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer into the irradiated film under the action of heat and compression of the film.

Abstract: Medical articles composed of silicone rubber coated with collagen to be used in living body, are manufactured by subjecting a surface of shaped articles composed of silicone rubber to a spark discharge, coating the thus treated surface with an acidic aqueous solution of collagen and then drying said surface to form collagen layer and irradiating the shaped article coated with collagen with high energy ionizing radiation under an atmosphere having such a humidity that the water content of the coated collagen becomes more than 20% by weight.

Abstract: A surface of a work piece is provided with an adherent, thin but uniform, coating layer of a chemical compound by forming the chemical compound by explosive conversion of a substance into a gaseous state and in one working process, and applying the resulting compound to such surface by means of a surge current discharge.

Abstract: A deposit of a reinforcing material is formed on an aluminium alloy piston by spraying one or more regions of the piston with a copper-based material from an electric-arc spray gun which produces molten particles of a heat content sufficient to produce an effective metallurgical interaction with the piston alloy so that the copper-based material is bonded to the region or regions of the piston.

Abstract: The characteristics of the surface of an article may be modified, e.g., in respect to adhesion, wettability or other physical characteristics, by exposing the surface to an electrical discharge in a mixture of certain gases. The practice of this invention is particularly useful in improving the gelatin adherence characteristics of a photographic film base support.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of selectively treating the surface of an article comprising silicon in part and either silica or silicon nitride in part wherein either the silicon or the silicon compound is etched at a greater rate or a fluoropolymer is deposited on the article by placing the article in a plasma containing fluorine, carbon and reducing species and adjusting the concentration of the reducing species to selectively etch the silicon at a greater rate, etch the silicon compound at a greater rate or deposit polymer.

Abstract: After vacuum pressure impregnating an insulated coil with liquid polyester resin the outer surface of the combination is treated to cause a quick low temperature gellation of an outer shell of the resin to thereby encapsulate the remaining liquid portion. A subsequent high temperature cure is imposed for a relatively long period of time to solidify the liquid inner portion and to fully cure the resin throughout the insulation.

Abstract: A blend of epoxide materials is provided which, although essentially free of volatile solvents, is liquid and tractable for coating and related applications at or near room temperature. The epoxide materials include an epoxy prepolymer of the type of glycidyl-bisphenol A resins, epoxidized novolaks, polyglycidyl ethers, and alicyclic diepoxides, blended with a bis(epoxycycloalkyl) ester and in many cases also with a low viscosity monoepoxide in limited proportions. The compositions preferably include additionally a cationic polymerization initiator, preferably a radiation-sensitive catalyst precursor, and epoxide polymers are produced by coating such compositions on a substrate, followed by application of energy, through heating or preferably through irradiation, to effect substantial polymerization of the epoxidic materials of the coating.

Abstract: Three developer solvents 2-methylcyclohexanone, 3-methylcyclohexanone, and a mixture of acetonyl acetate and acetone, improve the resolution of electron beam exposed films of poly(1-methyl-1-cyclopentene-SO.sub.2) copolymers.

Abstract: In preparing an electron beam resist film of a copolymer of an olefin and SO.sub.2, the steps of removing insoluble particles, drying the films under high vacuum and storing them in a moisture-free atmosphere are required to prevent cracking of the films during development.

Abstract: Heat-sensitive porous substrates such as wood, plywood, plyboard, particleboard, fiberboard, cardboard, paper, fiber cement, asbestos cement, concrete and natural stone are coated with a synthetic resin by mixing an aqueous dispersion of 100 parts by weight of a saturated synthetic resin with 2 to 40 parts by weight of an organic liquid consisting of a mixture of 70 to 10 percent by weight of at least one mono ethylenically unsaturated compound having a boiling point of less than 190.degree.C. and 30 to 90 percent by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound having a boiling point of at least 190.degree.C. in order to swell the resin particles, applying the mixture to the substrate to form a film thereon and hardening the film with UV radiation or with electron radiation to form a hard smooth surface coating on the substrate.

Abstract: A method for treating a surface of a substrate to render it nonfogging and the resulting article formed by the treatment. A thin film coating of a block copolymer containing alternating blocks of polyurethane and a hydrophilic copolyacrylic is adhered to the surface to be made nonfogging. The copolyacrylic is a copolymer of a hydroxy substituted acrylate and an ethylenically unsaturated acid such as acrylic acid. By varying the weight ratio of polyetherurethane/copolyacrylic it is possible to vary the flexibility of the coating and hence to widen the range of substrates to which the treatment is applicable, e.g., from flexible wrapping material to rigid mirrors.

Abstract: Opaque coatings and molded articles are produced from normally transparent copolymer compositions of unsaturated polyesters and monomers therefore by using from about 3 percent to less than 45 percent by weight of unsaturated polyesters based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: An electrostatic spray apparatus and method for spraying electrically conductive coating materials on a continuous basis from an electrically grounded bulk coating supply.