Abstract: This invention relates to methods for forming a nonwoven fibrous web on a foraminous forming surface moving at a velocity in excess of about 500 feet per minute. In forming satisfactory uniform webs, the fibers are conveyed to the forming surface in a gaseous stream whereby the relative surface-to-fiber velocity along the moving surface is maintained within a critical ratio relative to the fiber velocity normal to the moving surface.

Abstract: Wet graphite particles obtained by subjecting graphite particles to oxidizing treatment with nitric acid of comparatively low concentration and a permanganic acid salt and impregnating the treated graphite particles with a specific antioxidant comprising a metal salt of a boric acid ester of a saccharide, are heated to form expanded graphite masses, which are then compressed together to obtain a flexible graphite product. The thus obtained flexible graphite product is not only excellent in heat resistance and chemical inertness but also free of contamination with sulfur and chlorine, and is very useful in various applications.

Abstract: A method of controlling the bulk or pour density of carbon black without altering its rubber reinforcing properties, by wet micropulverizing prior to pin mixing.

Abstract: Carbon black is pelleted by combining loose carbon black with an aqueous pelleting liquid and agitating the mixture. Additional loose carbon black is added in a series of increments, followed by additional aqueous pelleting liquid containing an additive such as ammonium lignin sulfonate. The process produces layered pellets having a hardened outer shell. In another embodiment, an oil is added following the incremental addition of the loose carbon black in order to produce pellets which have a dust-free surface.

Abstract: Finely divided sulfur particles in a liquid suspension are agglomerated by adding molten sulfur to the suspension and agitating the mixture to transform the particles into agglomerates wherein the finely divided sulfur particles are held together by the previously molten, now solidified sulfur, acting as a binder agent.

Abstract: A reinforced board manufacturing process whereby a compressed uniform mixture of comminuted lignocellulosic particles, binder and other additives has a plurality of elongate reinforcing filaments having substantially greater tensile strength and modulus of elasticity than the mixture, embedded therein and bound to the particles by the binder. For some board applications, the reinforcing filaments comprise a plurality of short filaments, exemplarily glass fibers or steel wires, of about one-quarter to one and one-half inches in length distributed uniformly throughout the particle and binder mixture in a random orientation so as to extend generally in all directions. For board applications having greater flexural strength and stiffness requirements, the reinforcing filaments comprise a series of long filaments specifically oriented straightly in a predetermined direction corresponding to the direction of expected tensile stress and in a parallel arrangement spaced transversely from one another.

Abstract: A process for pelletizing sorptive mineral "fines" which includes adding sufficient moisture to the particles of sorptive material to occupy the pore space therein, compactly forming the moistened mineral in a pelletizing machine, then removing the pore moisture in a suitable dryer or kiln so that final pellets retain relatively the same absorbent capacity and bulk density as the original material.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for pelletizing batch glass making ingredients. The ingredients are pelletized in an inclined, rotating disc pelletizer using concentrated liquid alkali metal hydroxide as a binding agent and as a source of alkali metal oxide. The improvement of the invention resides in adding the glass batch ingredients directly to the pelletizing disc and pelletizing them thereon. Pellets having a 5 to 9 percent by weight moisture content are continuously produced using either fine or coarse naturally ocurring sand. The freshly formed pellets can be fed directly to a furnace or can be easily dried at slightly elevated temperature usually at temperatures not exceeding 500.degree. C. to give a strong, storage-stable pellet.

Abstract: Discrete carbon microspheres having a particle diameter on the order of 1-20 .mu. are obtained by a process involving the steps of homogeneously mixing a pitch having a softening point of 70.degree. - 250.degree. C, a nitrobenzene-insoluble content of not more than 25% and an H/C ratio of 0.2- 1.0 with an aromatic solvent compatible with said pitch and dispersing the resultant mixture in an aqueous solution of a surface active agent with agitation and at a temperature to maintain the viscosity at 200-5000 cps to form microspheres of the pitch/solvent mixture. The dispersion is then cooled to solidify the microspheres. The microspheres 1-20 .mu. in diameter are then separated from the solution and from the finer particles and contacted an organic solvent which is incompatible with the pitch to extract the first-mentioned aromatic solvent from the microspheres.

Abstract: A process for making a particle board of substantial continuous thickness utilizing any of a wide assortment of comminuted lignocellulosic materials. The particle board is prepared by mixing dried lignocellulosic particles with one or more thermosetting or thermoplastic adhesive binders in predetermined proportions, and placing a measured amount of the resultant mixture in an elongate mold where it is bonded together under the influence of pressure and heat. The mold includes a movable pressure plate forming the top of an enclosure within which the material is compressed to a predetermined thickness by pressure applied to the exterior of the plate. The thickness of the compressed mixture is substantial, so as to enable the production of particle board pieces having sufficient continuous solid thickness that they may be used for such applications as dimension lumber or railroad ties, or may be sawed into multiple thinner pieces for other applications such as siding.

Abstract: An improved method for spraying molten material in order to obtain solidified grains or prills. Molten material, such as NPK-fertilizer is fed into a symetrical rotating reservoir which rotates about a vertical axis and whose upright walls are provided with apertures for spraying. The interior of the rotating reservoir accommodates a member provided with blades, which member rotates at a speed different from that of the reservoir. The sprayed molten material cools while falling to form solid round prills. The blades inside the reservoir rotate at a speed at least 1.5 times greater than the speed of rotation for the reservoir.

Abstract: A molten magnesia is air quenched to provide a very large proportion of solid free flowing spheres of fused magnesia, a large percentage of which are smaller than about 35 Tyler mesh, which may be used directly in electrical resistor units without the necessity of crushing and calcining while the larger sized spheres may be crushed if desired and can be used with the uncrushed spheres without being calcined. The method may employ sea water magnesite or any other source of raw material having a high magnesia content that is cheap and readily available, the product being improved and more easily fused by the addition of small amounts of alumina, silica and calcia to the magnesite as it is being fed to the fusion furnace.

Abstract: A method of making animal litter consisting of grinding peanut hulls into a size that will allow the ground hulls to pass through a one-sixteenth to a one-half inch sieve. Mixing the ground hulls with a ground vegetable product such as alfalfa, broom grass, or a like product containing chlorophyl to give the mixture not less than one percent chlorophyl content. The mixture is subjected to a steam bath to moisten and soften the hulls and the added product which are then forced through a die to form the mixture into small pellets. The moisture in the pellets is reduced by heating as they pass through the die thereby removing at least eighty percent of the moisture.

Abstract: A method for making a C-shaped magnetizable core powdered material manufactured by filling a predetermined quantity of the powdered material into a C-shaped mold having two open ends one end being smaller than the other open end and having a trapezoidal cross section, compressing said powdered material to a density of at least 6.0 g/cm.sup.3 by a cooperating, C-shaped ram and a combined C-shaped closure-ejector element; the C-shaped ram entering the larger opening and moving toward the smaller opening which is closed by said closure-ejector element, withdrawing the ram and ejecting the core from the die with said closure-ejector element moving from the smaller opening toward the larger opening whereby the trapezoidal sides of the core are released simultaneously whereby the core uniformly expands in all directions as it is ejected from the die to produce a core having a uniform density and of improved structural, magnetic and electrical properties.

Abstract: A method of pelleting carbon black in which an aqueous solution comprising lignosulfonate and nitric acid is employed, the use of the solution producing a preferred particle size distribution of the pellets formed.

Abstract: A method of making a decorative particleboard incorporating colored wood particles. The colored particles either make up the entire board or form a surface layer only. Some or all of the particles are colored one or more different colors. In other respects the method of manufacture may be similar to that of conventional particleboard. In the preferred form the particleboard is sanded to produce a marbleized surface pattern. A wide variety of effects are possible dependent on the size and shape of the particles, choice of colors, uniformity of coloring of individual particles, surface treatment, etc.

Abstract: A prilled ammonium nitrate containing 2 to 5 percent by weight water obtained by prilling an aqueous solution of 93 to 98 percent by weight ammonium nitrate is dried by: lowering the drying temperature of the ammonium nitrate to a temperature less than the III--IV crystalline transition temperature of ammonium nitrate at least once when the water content of the prilled ammonium nitrate is 0.3 to 1.5 percent by weight in the drying step; further drying at a temperature higher than the III--IV transition temperature; and adding an anti-caking agent to the dried prilled ammonium nitrate. The dried, prilled ammonium nitrate obtained is useful as an ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.

Abstract: In a method of preparing colored fibrous sheet materials wherein a fiber-pulp is treated in a defibrator to form a stream of gas containing suspended fibers which are caused to form a fibrous layer on a forming surface, a dye or dye solution is added to the fiber-pulp which is introduced into said defibrator.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing spherical hollow particles by providing a large number of individual linear water jets arranged in a ring and converging at a single point, and passing a molten metal through this ring of water jets and converging point.

Abstract: A novel spray-drying technique process, and the resulting composition, for preparing a high density, agglomerated vitamin-containing composition having improved tableting characteristics.