Abstract: A piston and method of construction thereof are provided. The piston includes an upper crown having an upper combustion surface and a lower crown depending therefrom. The lower crown includes a pair of laterally spaced, axially aligned pin bores configured for receipt of a wrist pin. A substantially closed, annular outer cooling gallery is formed between the upper and lower crowns, wherein a bottom surface of the cooling gallery is formed by a floor of the lower crown. An oil inlet and an oil outlet extend through the floor. The oil inlet includes an upstanding toroid-shaped protrusion that extends upwardly from the floor into the cooling gallery, wherein the protrusion is formed as a monolithic extrusion from the material of the lower crown floor.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine includes a block-side water jacket divided into a block cooling passage and a bypass passage in the circumferential direction of the block-side water jacket, the block cooling passage allowing a cooling liquid introduced into the block cooling passage to flow into the head-side water jacket via a first communication hole of a cylinder head, and the bypass passage allowing the cooling liquid to bypass the block cooling passage and flow into the head-side water jacket via a second communication hole of the cylinder head. The cooling system further includes a partition separating a downstream end of the block cooling passage and the bypass passage from each other in the circumferential direction. The partition is provided with an adjustment hole which makes a flow of part of the cooling liquid passing through the bypass passage directed to the first communication hole.

Abstract: The present invention directly affects two primary limitations of diesel fuel: poor vaporization and ease of auto-ignition. Superheated fuel is injected within a cone of steam. As a result, fuel is fully vaporized and steam controls ignition by momentarily isolating fuel from air. In order to achieve high vapor velocities, the present invention uses momentum of circulating fuel and water to propel them through the injector. Momentum is preserved by transfer valves that transfer moving liquids between through paths and injection paths. Momentum is further preserved by an injector design that minimizes turbulence that would absorb energy and reduce injected velocity. The fuel and water may be superheated before injection to convert to steam and vapor upon the release of pressure when injected into the combustion chamber. The injector may also be used to achieve high injection velocity for liquid fuel injection without heating.

Abstract: A piston for an engine includes a skirt part, and a resin coating film and a recess formed on a surface of the skirt part. A plurality of the resin coating films are discretely arranged in spots on the surface of the skirt part, and a mesh-like groove is formed by the recess provided between the resin coating films. The recess formed on the skirt part between the resin coating films adjacent to each other in a piston circumference direction is set to be adjacent to another resin coating film in a piston moving direction. An end part of the resin coating film in the piston moving direction is formed in a concave shape when seen in a piston radius direction.

Abstract: The engine shut-off valve system includes a housing, a gate member, a rotating lever, a locking piston assembly, and a closing piston assembly. The system is installed in fluid connection with a flow line so that air flow passes through a passageway in the housing with the gate member in the locked configuration. The air flow through the passageway stops with the gate member in the closed configuration. The gate member has an asymmetry so that the forces of the spring of the closing piston assembly and the spring of the locking piston assembly are cooperative to actuate between the closed configuration and the locked configuration, while wearing on the gate member differently so as to extend the working life of the valve system. The closing piston assembly and the locking piston assembly are separately accessible for maintenance.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine using a two stroke cycle includes a pair of opposing cylinder units, each of which are located on opposing sides of a crankcase. In each cylinder unit is a cylinder with a piston disposed in the cylinder. Each piston is coupled to a piston rod that is aligned along an axis that passes through the center of each cylinder bore. The piston rods pass through the crankcase wall into the crankcase chamber, and are further coupled to a yoke. Each cylinder unit has an intake channel from the crankcase chamber to a cylinder intake port in the cylinder. As the piston traverses its upstroke in its cylinder, it creates a vacuum under the piston. At the top of its stroke a piston intake port becomes aligned with the cylinder intake port, allow fuel to be drawn into the cylinder under the piston. As a result, a continuous vacuum is experienced in the crankcase without the need for mechanical valving arrangements.

Abstract: A device and method for cooling an air cooled motorcycle engine. A fan and a cover acting as a duct directs engine heat forward away from a rider when the motorcycle engine is hot and the motorcycle is stopped. When the motorcycle is in motion the fan is switched off and the passing air takes a reversed path and flows rearward over the engine fins cooling the engine.

Abstract: A coolant control system of a vehicle includes an adjusting module that: (i) receives an engine output coolant temperature measured at a coolant output of an internal combustion engine; (ii) adjusts the engine output coolant temperature based on a reference temperature to produce a first adjusted coolant temperature; (iii) receives an engine input coolant temperature measured at a coolant input of the internal combustion engine; and (iv) adjusts the engine input coolant temperature based on the reference temperature to produce a second adjusted coolant temperature. The coolant control system also includes a difference module that determines a difference between the first and second adjusted coolant temperatures. The coolant control system also includes a pump control module that controls a coolant output of a coolant pump based on the difference between the first and second adjusted coolant temperatures.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine piston includes a crown surface including a low thermal conductivity part lower in thermal conductivity than a base material. The low thermal conductivity part includes a porous member made of a glass material lower in thermal conductivity than the base material, and impregnated with the base material. A first material is interposed at least partly between the porous member and the base material in the low thermal conductivity part, wherein the first material is water-soluble, and has a higher melting point than the porous member.

Abstract: A cylinder structure of a vehicle engine comprises a cylinder block including: a block cooling water inlet formed on one side surface of the cylinder block and introduced with cooling water from a water pump; and a block cooling water outlet formed on a rear surface of the cylinder block and having the cooling water discharged therethrough. A cylinder disposed inside the cylinder block, and a water jacket is formed between an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder block and an outer circumferential surface of the cylinder to flow the cooling water therethrough. A block insert is inserted into a lower portion of the water jacket to guide the flow of the cooling water.

Abstract: Pistons for opposed-piston engines include an interior annular cooling gallery. The gallery is provided with inlet and drain passageways constructed to shield a jet of liquid coolant entering the gallery, thereby reducing interference between the incoming jet and liquid coolant circulating in the gallery.

Abstract: A valve assembly for a fluid injector for an internal combustion engine includes a valve body with a valve recess, a central longitudinal axis, and a first axial end and a second axial end with respect to the central longitudinal axis. A valve needle is axially moveable within the valve recess with respect to the central longitudinal axis. In concurrence with a seal seat area the valve needle prevents a fluid flow through at least one flow hole in its closing position and otherwise enables it. Furthermore, the injector comprises a sac volume step adjacent to the seal seat area forming a part of an inner surface of a wall of the valve body and a sac volume being designed as one end of the valve recess and being limited by a further part of the inner surface of the wall of the valve body.

Abstract: There is provided an oil feed member capable of preventing lubricant from being excessively fed from an oil feed member to lubrication portions of valve gears, and a lubricant feed mechanism for an engine provided with the same. An oil feed member for feeding lubricant to lubrication portions of valve gears for opening and closing intake valves and exhaust valves of an engine, the oil feed member including: an upper panel member and a lower panel member laid over each other; and an oil feed passage formed by recessing laid surfaces of the upper panel member and the lower panel member, wherein the oil feed passage includes basis oil passages formed on a downstream side, and an introduction oil passage formed on an upstream side and having a smaller lubricant flow area than that of the basis oil passages.

Abstract: An exemplary intake manifold may include an upper manifold configured to receive fresh air, an EGR tube configured to introduce exhaust gas into the upper manifold to be mixed with the fresh air, and a lower manifold configured to distribute the mixture of the fresh air and the exhaust gas cylinders of the internal combustion engine. The upper manifold may include an upper shell and a lower shell that may cooperate to define at least one channel in which at least a portion of the EGR tube may be secured.

Abstract: A generator set for a transport refrigeration unit that is operable at a first frequency and a second frequency. The generator set includes a generator and a prime mover. The generator set is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) that is coupled to a controller. The ECU is configured to monitor the engine operation condition to obtain an engine operation condition value; whereas the controller is configured to receive the engine operation condition value and compare the value with an engine operation condition threshold. When the engine operation condition value, for example, exceeds the engine operation condition threshold, the controller instructs the ECU to operate the engine at a first speed; and when the engine operation condition value, for example, is below the engine operation condition threshold, the controller instructs the ECU to operate the engine at a second speed that is slower than the first speed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for providing a linear reciprocating movement of an output shaft along a longitudinal axis. The engine has a double sided cylinder that is bounded by an engine head at each side of the cylinder. An exhaust unit is positioned at each side of the cylinder. A piston is positioned within a cylinder inner space and freely slides with respect to the cylinder along the longitudinal axis. Two piston rods are aligned with the longitudinal axis. Each piston rod is connected at a different side of the piston. Each of the piston rods has exhaust openings.

Abstract: A method for preventing a piston oil-up, may include determining an oil-up condition formation to use a controller, wherein an oil-up oil generates since an engine oil moves upward above a piston, after an engine operation state is verified; determining a suction condition of the oil-up oil to use the controller based on any of a cylinder total control suction method, a cylinder explosion sequence suction method and a cylinder identical stroke sequence suction method when the oil-up condition has been formed; and operating an oil pump to use the controller, sucking the oil-up oil to use a suction force of the oil pump and discharging the sucked oil-up oil from a cylinder block.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a water-cooled intercooler cooling intake air turbocharged by a turbocharger. The intercooler has an HT intercooler into which HT cooling water passing through a cylinder block is introduced and an LT intercooler into which LT cooling water lower in temperature than the HT cooling water is introduced and the LT intercooler is arranged to abut against an intake downstream side of the HT intercooler. A target LT temperature is set to a high temperature-side target value in a case where a temperature of the HT cooling water flowing into the HT intercooler is lower than a target HT temperature correlated with warm-up completion and the target LT temperature is set to a low temperature-side target value in a case where the temperature of the HT cooling water is equal to or higher than the target HT temperature.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for an intake manifold for an engine. In one example, the intake manifold comprises a first passage for supplying intake air to a plurality of cylinders of the engine and a second passage for supplying gaseous fuel to the plurality of cylinders.

Abstract: Provided is a device used in the air induction tube of an internal combustion engine after the air filter and before the throttle body, and in particular to a device used to separate an air flow into a plurality of segments. The device can be made of two pieces. Each piece is initially a flat plate. A slit is formed half way through each plate and the corners are cut off or clipped. Each plate is then formed to have two generally curved portions. The pieces are joined via the slits resulting in the device. The pieces are generally perpendicular to each other at their intersection. The device is fitted into the air induction tube upstream of the throttle body, whereby it separates the air flow into distinct segments. The curved walls can be slightly compressed when inserted into an induction tube to hold the assembly in place.