Abstract: A spark plug capable of suppressing the occurrence and growth of a crack and oxide scale between an electrode tip and a melt portion, satisfies the relationships of C1?D1 and C2?D2, where C1 is a distance between a reference line RL and a point Pa5, D1 is a distance between the reference line RL and a point Pa1, C2 is a distance between the reference line RL and a point Pa6 and D2 is a distance between the reference line RL and a point Pa2.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescence element improved in emission efficiency. The organic electroluminescence element includes: a reflective electrode; a light exiting side electrode; an emission layer provided between the reflective electrode and the light exiting side electrode; and at least one low-refractive index layer provided between the reflective electrode and the emission layer, the low-refractive index layer having a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the emission layer. An optical path L1 between the maximum emission surface of the emission layer and the reflection surface of the reflective electrode, and an optical path L2 between the reflection interface on an emission layer side of the low-refractive index layer and the maximum emission surface of the emission layer satisfy specific expressions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lighting device (1) including a lens (200, 300) comprising an annular collimating structure (100) having a central axis of symmetry (202), said structure comprising a light exit surface (105) and an intermediate region (120) in between an inner region (110) proximal to said axis and an outer region (130) distal to said axis, wherein one of the inner region and outer region consists of a single prism (112) extending from the light exit surface by a first height (h1) and the other of the inner region and outer region comprises a plurality of prisms (132) extending from the light exit surface by a maximum second height (h2), wherein the first height is at least the maximum second height and the intermediate region has an intermediate region surface (120?) separated from the light exit surface by a maximum further height (h3) that is smaller than the first height; and a plurality of solid state lighting elements (20) arranged in a circular pattern on a carrier surface (25) such that the solid state

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal based optoelectronic device, including an upper substrate and a lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and a pair of indium tin oxide nano-whisker layers formed on the inner surfaces of the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the indium tin oxide nano-whisker layer is used as an alignment layer for aligning liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display comprising a substrate; an organic light emitting element disposed on the substrate; an encapsulation substrate disposed on the organic light emitting element; and an adhesive layer formed on the substrate, covering the organic light emitting element, and bonding the substrate on which the organic light emitting element is formed with the encapsulation substrate.

Abstract: Light fixtures for illuminating spaces that use light emitting diode-based light sources and that incorporate chip on board technology that enables the light emitting diode to be mounted directly on a portion of the light fixture. In some embodiments, the light fixture includes a reflector assembly onto which the light emitting diode is directly mounted. In other embodiments, the reflector assembly includes an aperture that receives a board having chip on board technology onto which the light emitting diode is directly mounted. In some embodiments, the light fixture also includes a diffuser for diffusing the light emanating from the light emitting diodes.

Abstract: A method for providing light and a light-emitting device configured to providing light in accordance thereto is disclosed herein. The method includes emitting light in a monochromatic manner from a light source, wherein the light provided falls in a first spectrum associated with light of a blue color; covering the light source with a red phosphor composite, wherein the red phosphor composite is configured to cause the first spectrum of the light source to shift to a second, intermediary spectrum associated with light of a violet color; and producing light spanning a fuller visual light spectrum from the light of the violet color received from the red phosphor composite-covered light source.

Abstract: A method of producing a partial luminaire includes arranging at least one semiconductor chip that emits electromagnetic radiation on a substrate, and applying an elastic waveguide, disposed downstream of the at least one semiconductor chip in an emission direction, such that the elastic waveguide projects at at least one of its side surfaces beyond the substrate.

Abstract: A vehicular lamp includes: a circuit board having three or more light source mounting portions provided along a vehicle-width direction; a plurality of light sources mounted on the respective light source mounting portions; and a reflector unit having three or more reflectors each reflecting light from each of the light sources. The reflector unit has a first positioning pin and a second positioning pin. The circuit board has a first positioning hole to receive the first positioning pin and a second positioning hole to receive the second positioning pin. The first positioning hole is provided at a location inward of a first end light source mounting portion positioned on one end side in the vehicle-width direction, and the second positioning hole is provided at a position inward of a second end light source mounting portion positioned on the other end side in the vehicle-width direction.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a display panel unit includes a reflective polarizing layer, a transparent layer, and a display panel. The polarizing layer transmits a first polarized component of light incident on an incident surface to an exit surface and reflects a second polarized component of the light. The transparent layer transmits the first and second polarized component of the light incident on a second surface to a first surface adhered to the incident surface and transmits the second polarized component reflected by the polarizing layer to be incident on the first surface to the second surface. The panel faces the exit surface, and selectively transmits the light exiting from the exit surface.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal between a TFT substrate including pixels formed in a matrix, and a counter substrate. A pixel electrode is formed in an area surrounded by scanning lines and video signal lines. A common electrode is formed in a lower layer of the pixel electrode through an interlayer insulating film. A long side of the pixel electrode of a first pixel is inclined at a first angle clockwise at a right angle to the extending direction of the scanning line. A long side of the pixel electrode of a second pixel is inclined at the first angle counterclockwise at a right angle to the extending direction of the scanning line. The liquid crystal is a negative type liquid crystal. Further, a protrusion formed in the long side of the pixel electrode has a side parallel to the extending direction of the scanning line.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, a TFT substrate and a counter substrate are bonded by a sealing material, with a liquid crystal interposed between the two substrates. An alignment film has a two-layer structure of a lower alignment film not subjected to photo alignment treatment and an upper alignment film subjected to photo alignment treatment and contacting the liquid crystal. A hollow with an increased film thickness is formed in an end portion of the lower alignment film. An end portion of the upper alignment film is determined by the hollow of the lower alignment film. The material, process conditions, or other conditions of the lower alignment film for easy control of outer end dimensions can be selected to easily control the profile of the alignment film as a whole. Thus, it is possible to avoid the reduction of reliability due to the reduction of the bonding strength between the sealing material and the alignment film.

Abstract: An apparatus for illuminating an underside of a fuselage of an aircraft, the apparatus comprising a housing mounted to an underside of the fuselage; and a light source disposed within the housing the housing being configured to direct light from the light source toward the underside of the fuselage in an aft direction. Also disclosed is an aircraft advertising arrangement, comprising light emanation means for causing light to emanate from an underside of an aircraft fuselage, the light emanation means being configured to emanate light as a graphical advertising image.

Abstract: A channel frame (400) is disclosed for use with a mobile device display (204) having an upper substrate (212) with an upper surface (220), a lower substrate (210) with a lower surface (304), and an OLED layer (216) sealed between the upper substrate (212) and the lower substrate (210). The channel frame (400) includes an upper wall (502) having a lower contact surface (512), a lower wall (504) having an upper contact surface (522), and a central wall (506) connected between the upper wall (502) and the lower wall (504). The channel frame (400) forms an elongated channel having a relaxed state from which the upper wall (502) and the lower wall (504) may be flexed to permit the channel frame (400) to be coupled to a side edge of the display (204). When the channel frame (400) is adhered to a structural component of the mobile device (100), it carries the impact forces resulting from dropping the device (100) and thereby protects the display (204) from damage.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp has an inner bulb with a discharge vessel with two sealing sections thereon, from which electrodes protrude into the discharge vessel, each electrically connected with a conductor in the associated sealing section to supply current to the electrodes. The lamp also has an outer bulb surrounding the discharge vessel, leaving a cavity therebetween. Close to at least one of the electrodes in or near a transitional area between the discharge vessel and the associated sealing section on an outside of the inner bulb is arranged potential-free a conductive structure which on application of a voltage to the electrodes influences the electrical field adjacent the electrodes such that a discharge arc travels from the electrode first in the direction of a wall section of the discharge vessel adjacent the electrode and then over the inside of the wall toward the other electrode.

Abstract: Each of first to fourth needle-like electrodes is arranged such that a direction of extension thereof is parallel, and generates ions by discharge. Through a space, a gas for conveying the ions generated by the first to fourth needle-like electrodes flows. Needle tips of the first needle-like electrode and the second needle-like electrode protrude from a first wall surface that forms the space, are spaced apart from each other, and are arranged in line in the space. Needle tips of the third needle-like electrode and the fourth needle-like electrode protrude from a second wall surface that forms the space and faces the first wall surface, are spaced apart from each other, and are arranged in line in the space. The first needle-like electrode and the fourth needle-like electrode generate positive ions, and the second needle-like electrode and the third needle-like electrode generate negative ions.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for providing protective coatings onto an energizable LED component coupled to an electrical path. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to LED lamps comprising transparent dielectric coatings and LED lamps and devices made thereby.

Abstract: A vacuum electronic device includes a multi-layer graphene grid that includes at least two layers of graphene, where the transmission of electrons through the multi-layer graphene grid can be tuned by varying the parameters of the vacuum electronic device such as the number of graphene layers, relative positions of the electrodes, voltage biases applied to the electrodes, and other device parameters.

Abstract: A device includes an anode, a cathode, and a grid configured to modulate a flow of electrons from the cathode to anode. The grid is made of graphene material which is substantially transparent to the flow of electrons.

Abstract: Provided is a light emitting device in which with the general color rendering index Ra and the special color rendering index R9 maintained at high numeric values, the light emission efficiency is prevented from being reduced as much as possible, and the high color rendering and the high efficiency are achieved so as to be usable for general lighting usage. The device includes at least one light emitting element 6 emitting a light having a peak emission wavelength in a near-ultraviolet to blue region, and a phosphor layer 5 containing a green phosphor excited by a primary light emitted from the light emitting element 6 and emitting a light having a peak emission wavelength in a green region, a first red phosphor excited by the primary light and emitting a light having a peak emission wavelength in a red region, and a second red phosphor exited by the primary light and emitting a light having a peak emission wavelength different from that of the first red phosphor in the red region.