Abstract: A silica glass member shows a glassy carbon coating wherein a surface of a silica glass substrate of the silica glass member shows a mean surface roughness (R.sub.a) in a range of 0.03 .mu.m to 2 .mu.m and it is coated with a glassy carbon coating. The member is manufactured by chemically roughening the substrate to a surface roughness in the above recited range; coating the surface of the silica glass substrate with an organic raw material containing carbon, curing and thereafter carbonizing the film of the organic raw material by forming a glassy carbon coating.

Abstract: The invention is nitrate-free method to manufacture a blue soda-lime-silica glass composition and improving the ultraviolet light absorption thereof while maintaining a high visible light transmission. The method comprises the steps of: adding colorants, during molten glass formation, consisting essentially of a manganese compound along with a cobalt compound, iron oxide and optionally titanium oxide to a soda-lime-silica base glass composition, and adding no sodium nitrate into the batch during molten glass formation, the materials are adding in quantities sufficient to form said blue glass composition having at a 4.0 mm. thickness: 477-494 dominant wavelength and 6-40% purity of excitation. The blue glass composition, by weight, comprises a base glass composition of: 68 to 75% SiO.sub.2, 10 to 18% Na.sub.2 O, 5 to 15% CaO, 0 to 10% MgO, 0 to 5% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 0 to 5% K.sub.2 O, where CaO+MgO is 6 to 15% and Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O is 10 to 20%; and colorants consisting essentially of: 0.4 to 2.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming insulated glass from a first and second sheet of glass, normally with a spacer seal disposed therebetween, comprising a frame assembly having a rigid frame assembly, a plurality of torsion bars pivotably mounted thereto, an aluminum lower platen resting on a plurality of pistons capable of raising and lowering the lower platen, an upper platen fixedly attached to the frame substantially parallel to the lower platen, heating elements for heating the lower platen and the space between the lower and upper platens, and a control panel for operating the apparatus. The lower platen has a series of spaced apertures through which pass a plurality of ball bearing assemblies, each assembly being attached to the frame assembly. The control panel has an emergency stop switch, timer circuitry and temperature indicator/limit circuitry. An adjustable stop assembly permits fine adjustment of the maximum distance between the lower and upper platens when the lower platen is raised.

Abstract: A core tube or tip holder for positioning in the axial bore of the body of cross-head die apparatus through which a wire, or the like, is drawn as a layer of flowable coating material is applied thereto. The coating material is injected through a radial bore in the body which communicates with the axial bore at a position aligned with a first annular groove in the external surface of the core tube. The first annular groove extends between opposite ends partially around the core tube. A second annular groove extends fully around the core tube. The second annular groove is positioned between the first groove and the front end of the core tube. The first and second annular grooves communicate with one another via a pair of axial grooves extending between the second annular groove and the opposite ends of the first groove. The first annular groove and axial grooves are bounded on all sides by external surface portions which lie in a uniformly tapering, conical plane.

Abstract: A process for producing a crystallized glass substrate for magnetic disks, including the steps of: (a) holding an amorphous glass plate having a uniform thickness and two principal flat surfaces thereof between a pair of pressing setters in a sandwiched fashion, which pressing setters are non-reactive with the amorphous glass and undeformable during heating for crystallization of the amorphous glass; (b) softening the amorphous glass plate in a sandwiched stack form by heating at a temperature above an annealing point of the amorphous glass, whereby the principal surfaces are fitted onto the flat surfaces of the pressing setters to rectify warping to flatten the amorphous glass plate; and (c) then, increasing the temperature to a crystal growth temperature to grow crystals within the amorphous glass, whereby the amorphous glass plate is crystallized as maintaining its warp-free state, followed by solidifying.

Abstract: A method of making glasses with manufacturing systems employing platinum or molybdenum melting, fining delivery, or forming vessel, wherein the partial pressure of hydrogen outside the vessel is controlled or manipulated, relative to the partial pressure of hydrogen inside the platinum structure, to minimize surface blistering in the glass in contact with the platinum or molybdenum.

Abstract: A method of forming electrically conducting silver tracks on glass, by applying a silver composition comprising solids portion in a carrier medium to the glass and then firing the composition to form the tracks, wherein the solids portion contains elemental silver and/or precursor thereof and contains also elemental boron.

Abstract: In a method of making a shaped fiber, a stream of fiberizable material is provided with an original shape and a void fraction from 20% to 80%. The void fraction can be provided by forming a hollow stream, a porous stream or a significantly shaped stream. The stream of fiberizable material has a soft portion at which the shape of the stream can be changed. Preferably the stream is provided by discharging molten fiberizable material through a first tube located in an orifice in a wall of a container, and introducing gas through a second tube into the interior of the molten material. The fiber stream is contacted to change the shape of the stream at the soft portion, preferably by applying torsion downstream from the soft portion. Torsion can be applied by contacting the fiber stream with a first surface moving in a direction generally transverse to the longitudinal axis of the stream.

Abstract: A method of tempering an article is disclosed in which an article is heated so that the material making up the article is in an essentially stress-free state and the article thereafter is quenched and cooled. At the conclusion of the quenching, a stress pattern in initiated through the thickness of the article in which the midplane layer is in tension and the surface layers are in compression. This stress pattern is further developed during the cooling stage. The article is quenched by spraying the surfaces with a coolant, preferably comprising either liquid nitrogen or liquid air in the form of a two phase flow of liquid and vapor. The liquid is sprayed so that the surface tensile stress of the surface layers are not exceeded and the liquid does not accumulate on the surface layers as a film.

Abstract: A coating apparatus comprises a spin chuck for holding and rotating a substrate, a header unit movable along a linear line connecting a position just above a center-of-rotation of the substrate, to a home position of the unit, a plurality of nozzles included in the header unit for discharging coating liquids to the substrate held on the spin chuck, the first nozzles having their respective nozzle ports arranged in line along the linear line, and a plurality of coating liquid supply means for supplying the coating liquids to the first nozzles, respectively.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is a ceramic composition and a process for forming thin tapes and bodies with minimal and controllable firing-induced shrinkage. The composition comprises a refractory component, a glass component and may also include a metal component. The glass component should have no more than about five percent of particles less than 10 microns. The glass component is not milled with the refractory component. They are briefly blended, e.g., by high shear mixing, in a manner which will preserve the particle size and particle size distribution of the glass. The resultant mixture is cast into a sheet or tape, with minimal or no pressure, dried and fired.

Abstract: A coating nozzle includes an elongate nozzle body having a coating solution reservoir defined longitudinally therein for being supplied with a coating solution from an external coating solution supply. The elongate nozzle body also has a coating solution holder defined therein and opening away from the coating solution reservoir, for holding a coating solution against falling off as droplets under surface tension of the coating solution. A plurality of passages are defined in the elongate nozzle body and held in communication with the coating solution reservoir and the coating solution holder, for supplying the coating solution from the coating solution reservoir to the coating solution holder. The arrangement of the reservoir, the solution holder and the passages in the elongate nozzle body assures that a uniform layer of coating solution is deposited by the nozzle on a surface of a planar substrate.

Abstract: A runway for conveying glass tubing, as the tubing is drawn from a source of molten glass, embodies support assemblies having rotating sleeves mounted on guide shafts to contact the tubing. A circulating humid atmosphere is maintained in an enclosure during an initial portion of the tube draw to reduce frictive damage to the tubing.

Abstract: A porous silica body with a density of 0.1 g/cm.sup.3 to 0.5 g/cm.sup.3 and a density variation of less than 30% is subjected to a first heat-treatment in an ammonia-containing atmosphere, a second heat-sintering in non-oxidizing atmosphere, and further heat-treatment at a temperature in the range of 1400.degree. C. to 2000.degree. C. under an increased pressure of 500 kg/cm.sup.2 or more in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing glass optical elements at high operational efficiency, a mass of molten glass which is dropped down is cut at a first step by a wind blast into a sequence of glass gobs each of which is received by a gas stream spouted from a lower portion. Each glass gob is kept afloat with a gas stream spouted to be adjusted to a temperature corresponding to a glass viscosity between 10.sup.5.5 and 10.sup.9 poises. Thereafter, the glass gob is pressed in a third step by the use of a pair of forming dies kept at a temperature which corresponds to a glass viscosity between 10.sup.8 and 10.sup.12 poises and which is lower than the temperature of the glass gob. During the third step, the forming dies are cooled to a temperature lower than the temperature corresponding to a glass viscosity of 10.sup.13.4 poises with the glass gob kept within the forming dies and are thereafter opened to release a shaped article from the forming dies.

Abstract: Forming apparatus (22) and a method for forming a glass sheet ribbon G delivered from a float tank (44) to a topside support device (74) having a downwardly facing surface to which a vacuum and pressurized gas are supplied to support the glass sheet ribbon (G) at its upper surface (52) while a coater (78) applies a coating (80) to its lower surface (54). Another coater (86) applies a coating (88) to the upper surface (52) of the glass sheet ribbon G. A coated glass sheet (32) cut from the glass sheet ribbon G has at least one surface, and as disclosed both of its surfaces (52,54), coated so as to be protected from deterioration caused by exposure to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Protective and security coatings are applied to an integrated circuit by periodically passing the integrated circuit through a flame spray containing molten particles of the coating composition. The integrated circuit is attached to a fixture that is cooled with a coolant that is applied to the integrated circuit. The distance between the flame spray gun and the integrated circuit is controlled so that the particles are molten when they strike the circuit but the circuit heating is minimized. A flame resistant mask retains the integrated circuit on the fixture. The mask is constructed of a low thermally conductive material and the fixture is constructed of a high thermally conducive material.

Abstract: An easily and quickly deployable device for protecting against soiling of non-workpiece items during painting of a workpiece is provided by a device having at least one rigid section and at least one flexible section. The rigid section also acts as a housing for the flexible section. The device is folded open to protect non-workpiece items during the painting operation.

Abstract: A spray coating device for the electrostatic spray coating of articles. The device includes a spray appliance which is carried by an elongated tubular support housing through which all connecting conduits for the spray appliance extend. The tubular support can be supported by a carrier device, such as a reciprocator, located outside of a spray booth and can extend through a side wall opening in the spray booth for positioning the spray appliance in the spray booth. The spray appliance may be a powder coating material applicator. Preferably, the top surfaces of the spray appliance and the tubular carrier are substantially continuous and without significant steps and of the smallest possible size in order to minimize the deposit of coating material and dust.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for controlling a firing shrinkage of a ceramic green body. The method includes the steps of: subjecting a ceramic powder to a pretreatment by which a spherical diameter (Rs) of the ceramic powder is adjusted to be 1 .mu.m or less, wherein Rs is expressed by an equation of Rs(.mu.m)=6/.rho. S (.rho. is a true density (g/cm.sup.3) of the ceramic powder, and S is a BET specific surface area (m.sup.2 /s) of the ceramic powder.); subjecting the ceramic powder to heat treatment at a specific temperature calculated in advance; molding the ceramic powder to obtain a ceramic green body; and firing the ceramic green body. A temperature for the heat-treatment is calculated of the basis of a correlation between calculative rates for firing and arbitrary selected temperatures.