Abstract: The present invention discloses a vibration measurement method and apparatus using a self-mixing type laser Doppler vibration meter. The vibration measurement method according to the present invention comprises: an inclination value calculation step S3 for calculating an ascending inclination and a descending inclination for each beat wave; and a turning point identification step S4 for identifying the turning point of a vibrating object according to the inclination change along the time axis.

Abstract: A focusing method plays a big role of determining a resolution of an ultrasonic image. Focusing is performed by controlling an arrival difference of a signal up to a focal point by an electronics delay circuit. Here, the focusing method for focusing an ultrasonic signal having emitted to a focal point of an object via an array transducer including a plurality of elements, obtains an optimal focusing time delay curve according to the ultrasonic signal travelling velocity to thereby obtain an optimal ultrasonic image. Using only data obtained without any modification of the structure of an existing ultrasonic imaging system, a focusing time delay curve is estimated. Thus, a resolution can be enhanced with only a simple calculation.

Abstract: An acoustic inspection device having a transducer housing opening to a face of the device to be disposed opposite a workpiece to be inspected. That face of the device having selectively located multi-piece flexible material of a selected length extending outward therefrom disposed to interface with the surface of the workpiece. A first portion of the flexible material is supplied to create, and surround, a region close to the opening of the transducer housing with a plurality of couplant supply ports around the transducer opening to form a chamber into which couplant is continuously supplied to couple the transducer to the surface of the workpiece. A second portion of the flexible material being spaced outward from, and surrounding, the first of the flexible material to create another chamber having vacuum ports in the face of the device opening into that chamber to recover couplant that leaks through the first portion of the flexible material from the couplant chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for detecting the formation and dissociation of gas hydrates in a fluid. The apparatus used comprises a piezoelectric crystal sensor and a signal analyzer. The crystal sensor has a deposition surface in contact with the fluid. Under a range of pressures and or temperatures the resonant frequency or an electrical parameter dependent on the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric sensor is measured. There is a step change in the resonant frequency which occurs upon the formation or dissociation of a clathrate hydrate on the deposition surface, so that the formation or dissociation of said clathrate hydrate may be detected.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ultrasonic measuring instrument comprising a housing which contains a transducer for transmitting and receiving ultra-sound waves, and a rotatable mirror placed inside the housing for directing ultra-sound waves coming from the transducer through a tapering window comprised in the housing to an object of measuring outside the housing, and for directing ultra-sound waves which are reflected by the object of measuring and which enter the housing through the window to the transducer. Around, and rotating with the mirror a tube is provided, comprising a recess for the passage of ultra-sound waves.

Abstract: A ball bearing inspection apparatus 1 comprising: a rotation shaft3 fitted to one (for example, inner race 7) of inner and outer races 7 and 9 for rotating one race while limiting the movement of one race in an axial direction of the rotation shaft 3; a press plate 13 disposed on an opposite side of the rotation shaft 3 with respect to a ball bearing 5 for pressing the other race (for example, outer race 9) in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 3 while limiting the rotation of the other race; and a press-back plate 33 provided so as to be movable in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 3 for pressing back the other race in a direction reverse to the pressing direction of the press plate 13. Hence, the ball bearing inspection apparatus can inspect a large area of ball surfaces in a short time at one installing try.

Abstract: The invention relates to ultrasonic welding methods and apparatus for correcting the difference of frequency and phase of transducer mechanical oscillations and oscillator driving impulses to the transducer under conditions of discontinuous loading, thereby to increase the efficiency of the transducer excitation. The transducer excitation impulses are periodically supplied to the transducer at a length not more than a half-period of the transducer mechanical oscillations, and after termination are resumed again with adjustment phase and frequency determined by transducer striction feedback signals. A zero-crossing detector applies the resumed and adjusted phase and frequency driving impulses, thereby corresponding to the highest transducer sensitivity. Feedback impulses established by the transducer mechanical resonance characteristics under varying load control the phase and frequency of the excitation pulses.

Abstract: The vibration damping properties of a brake rotor (or other vibration-prone component) can be measured by vibrating the component part at its resonant frequency, using a magnetic coil that is excited by an A.C. signal having a frequency that is one half the frequency of the vibrating wave generated in the component. The A.C. signal crosses the zero current axis twice per current cycle, so that the magnetic flux in the coil core reverses polarity at the frequency selected for vibrating the part.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, for subjecting a test object to vibrational energy testing is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a rotatable joint such as a hydrostatic ball joint for transmitting energy from a force generator to the test object, and a support structure, coupled to the test object and the rotatable joint, for flexibly restraining the test object from rotating about the center of rotation of the rotatable joint. In one embodiment of the invention, the support structure comprises a support member and at least one suspension device disposed between the support member and a ground datum. In another embodiment, the suspension device applies a suspension force to the support member in a direction substantially perpendicular to a vector from the center of rotation to the suspending force. In this embodiment the suspension devices are subjected primarily to compression and tension forces.

Abstract: Method and apparatus by which misshapen crown caps on beverage containers, such as bottles traveling along high-speed bottling lines, may be detected. Bottles are arranged to travel directly beneath a magnetic proximity sensor head placed at a station along a conveyor. A photodetector indicates when a crown cap is properly positioned with respect to the magnetic proximity sensor. In the presence of a crown cap, the sensor head generates a signal having characteristic shapes indicative of properly shaped caps or those that are misshapen. The signal is monitored via algorithms for the presence of the characteristic shapes anticipated for properly shaped and misshapen crown caps and commands are generated in response to detecting reject crown caps.

Abstract: Method for measuring residual stress in a metallic specimen wherein, by means of an ultrasound transducer an ultrasound entry wave having a ground frequency is introduced into a surface of the metallic specimen, the ultrasound entry wave is measured by means of an entry wave detector and the succeeding ultrasound exit wave is measured by means of a exit wave detector and the measured values of the ultrasound entry and exit wave are used to determine residual stress, characterized in that, for a selected entry gate time the value of the entry convolution integral of the measured ultrasound entry wave and a periodic wave of the ground frequency is calculated and during a selected exit gate time the value of the exit convolution integral of the measured ultrasound exit wave and a periodic wave of the ground frequency is calculated and the residual stress is determined using the calculated values of the entry convolution integral and the exit convolution integral.

Abstract: A digital direct access arrangement (DAA) circuitry may be used to terminate the telephone connections at the user's end that provides a communication path for signals to and from the phone lines. Briefly described, the DAA provides a programmable means for the DC termination for a variety of international phone standards. The invention may also be utilized with means for transmitting and receiving a signal across a capacitive isolation barrier. More particularly, a DC holding circuit is provided that has switchable time constants. A first time constant may be utilized during a first operation phase immediately after off-hook conditions to allow for fast settling times. Then, a second operation phase is entered in which a second time constant may be utilized. During the second operation phase the DC holding circuit operates slower to create improved low frequency performance.

Abstract: Modal frequencies of known good sample parts (SN) are analyzed to determine a pattern which will identify acceptable material and dimensional variations. The data obtained by analysis is then archived. Production parts are then measured at the modal frequencies and the production parts are accepted or rejected after pattern analysis of each part by comparing the production part with response to the pattern identified as acceptable for material and dimensional variations. Production part data is archived for future testing. This procedure is repeated throughout the lifetime of a part, and may be used on parts which are part of an assembly, including other unmeasured parts.

Abstract: A non-linear processor for use in an echo canceller is set forth. The non-linear processor includes a center clipping digital filter receiving an echo compensated signal. The non-linear processor provides a center clipped output signal having non-linear thresholds at values of +TNLP and −TNLP. The value of TNLP is dynamically dependent, at least in part, on echo return loss measurements. To limit the processor's susceptibility to corruption from double-talk conditions, the non-linear processor inhibits the dynamic setting of the TNLP value when a double-talk condition is present. Additionally, or in the alternative, the non-linear processor locks the value of the echo return loss measurement after a predetermined number of consecutive echo return loss measurements have values falling within a predetermined range of one another. Such locking further reduces the susceptibility of the non-linear processor to corruption from double-talk conditions.

Abstract: In generating a ringing signal of predetermined frequency and shape between the A- and B-wires to a subscriber's station in a telephone network, the ringing signal is directly injected in or superposed on the DC-levels of the wires. A voltage difference converting device converts any voltage difference between the A- and B-wires into a first current. A signal generating device generates a first voltage of the frequency and shape of the ringing signal to be generated, and a signal converting device then converts the first voltage into a second current. In a summation node the first current is subtracted from the second current to obtain a third current and this current is converted by passing it through a resistor to a second voltage. The second voltage is buffered and is again converted to a fourth current by applying the voltage to resistor. This fourth current is amplified by current amplifiers circuits comprising operational amplifiers, and is then supplied to the A-wire and drawn from the B-wire.

Abstract: A technique for powering telephone lines using an unbalance current source and current sink; and a technique for improving attenuation/frequency distribution and return loss (impedance matching) of transformer-coupled wire-line communications circuits by using secondary series capacitance and an AC current pump signal source; and a generation of ringing voltage as positive voltage pulses with respect to a negative power supply voltage; and a technique for removal of AC power ripple by using an active linear floating filter for the purpose of powering telephone line circuits, and a technique for injection of real time tone samples into T1 transmissions circuits by use of a T1 framer idle code register.

Abstract: A telecommunication system has a supply circuit to supply power to a telecommunication line. The telecommunication line is connected to a telecommunications subscriber device. The supply circuit has a first electronic impedance that is connected between a first voltage reference terminal and a first wire of the line, and a second electronic impedance that is connected between a second voltage reference terminal and a second wire of the line. The first electronic impedance has a first transistor, and the second electronic impedance has a second transistor. The supply circuit further has a first impedance multiplying circuit with a third transistor, and a second impedance multiplying circuit with a fourth transistor. The first impedance multiplying circuit multiplies the impedance of the first electronic impedance, and the second impedance multiplying circuit multiplies the impedance of the second electronic impedance.

Abstract: In an input/output circuit of a communication device, such as network control unit of a facsimile machine or transmission/reception circuit of a telephone set, an amplification factor of an amplifier circuit is changed without replacing the circuit components. The amplifier circuit includes operational amplifiers which amplify an input signal from a telephone line and/or an output signal sent to the telephone line. A central processing unit is provided in conjunction with the amplifiers, which outputs a control signal to the amplification circuit so that the amplification factor of the operation amplifier is changed responsive to the control signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two-wire line conditioning apparatus having an improved calibration and cancellation circuit and provides an improved calibration method using a multitone calibration signal. The apparatus automatically adjusts an electronic hybrid as part of a calibration procedure so as to eliminate undesirable echo effects when calls are placed along the line. The alignment procedure identifies the optimal balance in a rapid manner. The electronic hybrid balancing process and echo cancellation circuitry may also be utilized in a circuit for converting four-wire communications systems to two-wire communications systems. The line conditioning device of the present invention utilizes a multitone signal to simulate the voice frequency spectrum between approximately 500 Hz and 3500 Hz to probe the line side with a plurality of tones (e.g., 500, 1500 and 3500 Hz; or 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500 Hz).

Abstract: A control device for a hands-free telephone set automatically controls microphone and amplifier gains so that a feedback loop has less than unity gain to avoid circuit instability and resultant self-oscillation. An emission channel includes a microphone, a signal compressor and a controllable attenuator. A reception channel includes a signal compressor, an adjustable attenuator and a loudspeaker. The combination of the emission and reception channels form an amplification loop whereby the output of the reception channel is acoustically coupled to the input of the emission channel while the output of the emission channel is coupled to the input of the reception channel through a common telephone line. To avoid circuit oscillation, a circuit initially sets the gain of the loop to a predetermined value slightly less than unity (0 db) and subsequently maintains the loop gain constant by maintaining the sum of the compressor and attenuator gains at a fixed value.