Abstract: The invention relates to packet-switched transmission of calls and particularly to packet-switched transmission of calls on circuits between a telecommunication network and base stations from the base stations toward the network.

Abstract: Improved techniques for optimizing performance of a wireless network. In an illustrative embodiment, a derivative-based optimization process is applied to optimize an objective function of a network performance metric with respect to a number of network tuning parameter variables. The optimization may be based on first or higher order derivatives of the objective function with respect to the selected network parameter variables. The objective function may include, e.g., one or more of a maximization of network coverage, a maximization of network capacity, and a minimization of network resources. Additional network parameters which are not variables in optimization process serve as constraints to the optimization process. Advantageously, the invention substantially improves the process of designing, adjusting and optimizing the performance of wireless networks.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment incorporates a core switching network including a plurality of input and output ports and a plurality of switching paths between the input and output ports. Preferably, a plurality of input controllers and output controllers arc provided, with each of the input controllers being attached to a plurality of the input ports and each of the output controllers being attached to a plurality of the output ports. The core switching network also preferably is configured to receive a first flow of data packets from one of the input controllers and deliver a second flow of data packets to one of the output controllers, and the packet switching system is configured to restore the second flow of data packets despite a loss of information from at least one of the data packets upstream of the one of the output controllers so that the second flow has an order of remaining ones of the data packets corresponding to an order of the data packets in the first flow.

Abstract: A cell or packet-based Connection Admission Control (CAC) solution is provided for transmitting Protocol Data Units (PDU) such as Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) user cells or Internet Protocol integrated and differentiated service packets. The CAC method and apparatus allocate network resources including user cell/packet transferring bandwidth in the channel/connection/flow set-up phase. The calculation of Effective Bandwidth is implemented in hardware using an additive-Fractal and measurement-based approach to shorten the processing time and to increase overall system reliability and efficiency.

Abstract: The invention concerns an improvement to an auto-negotiation process for a link between network devices and in particular the avoidance of ambiguity when signals at a higher rate, such as 100BASE-Tx scrambled idle signals, resemble signals at a lower rate, such as 10BASE-T link pulses. Analog and digital filtration is employed to identify 100BASE-Tx energy more accurately and a resultant indicating signal is used in conjunction with another signal characteristic of the higher rate signals, such as a descrambler lock signal, to ensure that the link is not established unless the bit error rate is reasonably low.

Abstract: In order to make it unnecessary for a user application program to be aware of any redundant configuration even if such a configuration is applied when communication stations, which communicate with each other according to the TCP/IP protocols over the Ethernet, a communication control system is provided wherein a redundancy control device converts a receiver MAC address included in a transmission request into an MAC address of a network adapter to communicate with, when the redundancy control device receives a transmission request from a communication control device, and converts a sender MAC address included in a received frame into the MAC address, which the communication control device of the location communication station is aware of, when the redundancy control device receives the frame from a network adapter.

Abstract: An interconnection network routes packets among switches connected in a multi-dimensional network of links. Each packet contains a header with an address of a source switch connected to an input port that receives the packet, and a destination switch connected to an output port that transmits the packet. Each packet header also contains a random address of a random switch in the network. The packet is first routed from the source switch toward the random switch. Then a phase flag in the header is cleared by the random switch, and the packet is routed toward the destination switch. If a faulty link or switch is encountered, and no known routes are available to the destination, the phase flag is again set and another random address generated. The packet is then routed to a new random switch, bypassing the fault.

Abstract: A system and method of providing to an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) access network a standard ATM interface for accessing a non standard ATM bandwidth adjustable virtual path connection established on a backbone network between a backbone source node and a backbone destination node. A standard ATM available bit rate (ABR) virtual path connection is established between the ATM access network and the backbone source node of the bandwidth adjustable virtual path connection. The available bit rate of this ABR virtual path connection is adjusted according to the adjusted bandwidth of the virtual path connection establish on the backbone node.

Abstract: To reduce the size of a multi-carrier transmitter circuit for a mobile communication base station, by suppressing instantaneous peak output power to a small value with respect to a wide-band signal of a few MHz to tens of MHz so that the peak factor of a multi-carrier signal is reduced.

Abstract: A control link establishment code sequence for interrogating a network element interface (NEI) device terminating a local digital data services loop of a telecommunications network has an in-band code exclusive of codes currently employed to represent functional operations to be executed by a channel unit. Once a virtual link is established, a command—response mode session is conducted. To provide for byte alignment over the local loop for remote provisioning protocol employed at various violation mode rates, each command—response code byte is repeatedly transmitted, and a ‘delimiter’ byte is interleaved with successively repeated ones of the same code byte. Response messages from the NEI device also have code repeats interleaved with the delimiter byte.

Abstract: An optimal path through the Internet to a client is determined by the server during connection establishment. During the 3-way handshake that establishes a connection, a web server ordinarily sends a single SYN+ACK packet to the client. Instead of sending just one SYN+ACK packet, the server is modified to send multiple SYN+ACK packets, each using a different path to the client. When the multiple SYN+ACK packets are sent from the server at the same time, the first packet that reaches the client used the fastest path through the Internet. The client responds to this first SYN+ACK packet with an ACK packet back to the server. The other SYN+ACK packets that use slower paths arrive at the client after the first SYN+ACK packet and are ignored by the client as being out-of-order. The server includes a different sequence number with each SYN+ACK packet. The client increments this sequence number and includes the incremented sequence number in the ACK packet.

Abstract: VC multicast implementation scheme utilizing VP tunneling over public ATM VP switched networks utilizing P2P and P2M connections to provide VC multicast capability to the attached private ATM networks. The border ATM VC switch in each private ATM network is connected to the ATM VP switch in the public ATM network via a physical interface adapted to carry one or more P2P VP tunnels. A P2P VP tunnel is established from each VC switch to all other VC switches connected to the public ATM network. A dedicated P2M VP tunnel is established between the source VC switch to each of the destination VC switches connected to the public ATM network. For each multicast connection to be established, a VPI/VCI value pair is allocated over the dedicated P2M VP tunnel used to transmit data associated with all P2M calls for all the P2P VP tunnels carried by the physical interface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting UBR and nrt-VBR connections to ABR connections in an ATM network is presented. In response to receiving a connection set-up message for a UBR or nrt-VBR connection, it is determined it is determined whether the port contemplating conversion is commissioned as a conversion port, which enables it to perform such conversions. If the port is a conversion port, it is determined whether or not the port type of the ingress port and the port type of the egress port support connection format conversion. If the port types support connection format conversion, it is determined whether or not the set-up message for the connection indicates that the connection is conversion enabled. If the connection is conversion enabled and the ports are of the right configuration, the set-up message is converted from the nrt-VBR or UBR format to an ABR format for transmission.