Abstract: A method and composition for reducing drag, reducing friction, reducing viscosity, and/or improving flow of viscous hydrocarbons including adding an effective amount of a drag-reducing composition containing a blend of turpentine liquids to a viscous hydrocarbon storage or pipeline operation and forming a drag-reducing mixture of viscous hydrocarbons and the blend of turpentine liquids.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an aromatic compound and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to the use of the aromatic compound as an antiwear agent.

Abstract: Provided is a green pellet (10) which comprises: an inner core layer (11) containing an iron oxide-containing starting material, a carbonaceous material for reduction, and a slag-forming agent; and a coating layer (12) disposed so as to encapsulate the surface of the inner core layer (11), wherein the coating layer (12) is formed from a protective layer (12a), which is disposed so as to encapsulate the surface of the inner core layer (11) and which contains an inorganic compound (includes an alkali metal oxide) having a melting point that is 750°C. or greater but less than 1100°C., and a combustion layer (12b ), which is disposed so as to encapsulate the surface of the protective layer (12a) and which contains the carbonaceous material.

Abstract: The invention discloses a coal decomposition method and equipment in cycle heating gas style. The coal decomposition equipment can avoid introducing impurity, ensure a pure decomposed gas and keep continuous heating without extrinsic heat source, which includes an airtight kiln body with coal inlet and coal outlet; a facility for impelling and decomposing coal set in the kiln body; a coal decomposed gas collecting pipe set in one end of the airtight kiln body, and a high temperature gas input pipe set in the other end of the airtight kiln body; wherein the coal decomposed gas collecting pipe is connected with a post-processing facility and communicates with the high temperature gas input pipe through a circle pipe, and the circle pipe and/or the high temperature gas input pipe comprises a heating device.

Abstract: Disclosed are working fluid compositions for heat transfer apparatuses, such as refrigeration systems, that include a refrigerant and an ester based lubricant. The working fluid may comprise ?50% by weight of the ester based lubricant composition and ?50% by weight of one or more refrigerant compounds. The ester based lubricant comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of: diaryl sulfides, arylalkyl sulfides, dialkyl sulfides, diaryl disulfides, arylalkyl disulfides, dialkyl disulfides, diaryl polysulfides, arylalkyl polysulfides, dialkyl polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, derivatives of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A nanocomposite coating and method of making and using the coating. The nanocomposite coating is disposed on a base material, such as a metal or ceramic; and the nanocomposite consists essentially of a matrix of an alloy selected from the group of Cu, Ni, Pd, Pt and Re which are catalytically active for cracking of carbon bonds in oils and greases and a grain structure selected from the group of borides, carbides and nitrides.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of an O/W emulsion, in particular a PIT emulsion, for lubricating conveyor belt systems in food industries as well as a lubricant concentrate based on an O/W emulsion, in particular a PIT emulsion, of wax esters.

Abstract: A composition that includes one or more compounds represented by the formula R1(X)R2 wherein R1 is an alkyl group having from 4 to 40 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic group having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a cycloaliphatic group having from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is a heteroatom. The composition has a viscosity (Kv100) from 2 to 30 at 100° C., a viscosity index (VI) from 100 to 200, and a Noack volatility of no greater than 20 percent. The disclosure also relates to a process for producing the composition, a lubricating oil base stock and lubricating oil containing the composition, and a method for improving one or more of solubility and dispersancy of polar additives in a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and an amine or ammonia salt of a carboxylic acid compound where said carboxylic acid is characterized in that it is functionalized with a hydroxy-substituted aromatic moiety. The invention further relates to methods of lubricating an internal combustion engine by supplying the described lubricating composition to the internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to the use of the salt of the carboxylic acid compound as an antiwear agent or an antioxidant.

Abstract: The object of the present disclosure is to obtain a filler particle having stable insulation property, and a resin composition, grease, and a coating composition comprising the same, respectively. Filler particles comprising a composite zinc oxide expressed by the following chemical formula (1): ZnxMyO??(1) in the formula, M is Mg, Co, Li, K, Na, or Cu, and x+ny/2=1 when the valence of M is n.

Abstract: An automotive engine oil and/or fuel comprising a base stock and an organic polymeric friction reducing additive is claimed. A method of reducing friction in an automotive engine oil and/or fuel by the addition of the organic polymeric friction reducing additive to the base stock is also claimed.

Abstract: A method of improving the efficiency of a diesel engine provided with a source of diesel fuel includes the steps of: a) adding to the diesel fuel a reverse-micellar composition having an aqueous first disperse phase that includes a free radical initiator and a first continuous phase that includes a first hydrocarbon liquid, a first surfactant, and optionally a co-surfactant, thereby producing a modified diesel fuel, and b) operating the engine, thereby combusting the modified diesel fuel. The efficiency of a diesel engine provided with a source of diesel fuel and a source of lubricating oil can also be improved by modifying the lubricating oil by the addition of a stabilized nanoparticulate composition of cerium dioxide. The efficiency of a diesel engine can also be improved by adding to the diesel fuel a reverse-micellar composition that includes an aqueous disperse phase containing boric acid or a borate salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating composition for use in the crankcase of an engine comprising a base oil and one or more additives, wherein the base oil comprises a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil and wherein the lubricating composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100 C (according to ASTM D 445} of below 5.6 cSt and a Noack volatility (according to ASTM D 5800) of below 15 wt. %.

Abstract: Methods for producing low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. Starting biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is deoxygenated by exposing the biomass-derived oil to a first catalyst in the presence of hydrogen-containing gas at first hydroprocessing conditions to produce a partially deoxygenated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The first catalyst has a neutral catalyst support. The partially deoxygenated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is exposed to a second catalyst in the presence of additional hydrogen-containing gas at second hydroprocessing conditions to produce a hydrocarbon product. The biomass-derived pyrolysis oil may be esterified prior to deoxygenation. A portion of the low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is recycled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cylinder lubricating oil composition for a crosshead-type diesel engine, which is improved in oxidation stability and anti-scuffing properties besides the properties of the conventional cylinder lubricating oil composition and comprises a base oil having an aromatic content of 8.5 percent by mass or more and on the basis of the total mass of the composition (A) an alkaline earth metal phenate in an amount of 0.005 mole/kg or more on the basis of phenate soap content, (B) an aminic antioxidant in an amount of 0.1 to 5 percent by mass and (C) an oil-soluble molybdenum compound in an amount of 30 to 500 ppm by mass on the basis of molybdenum and having a base number of 20 to 100 mgKOH/g and a 100° C. kinematic viscosity of 12.6 mm2/s or higher.

Abstract: The use of tetrahydrobenzoxazines I where R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical and R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl groups or hydrocarbyl radicals, and where R2 to R5 may also form a second and a third tetrahydrooxazine ring, with the proviso that at least one of the substituents has from 4 to 3000 carbon atoms and the remaining substituents, when they are hydrocarbyl radicals, each have from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as stabilizers for stabilizing inanimate organic material, especially turbine fuels, against the action of light, oxygen and heat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel additive formulation applied to internal combustion engines formulated to reduce friction, corrosion, and wear in the internal combustion engines. The fuel additive in accordance with the present invention is a formulation of hexylene glycol and boric oxide. Reduction of engine wear and degradation due to reduction of friction and deposit formation is expected to result in increased engine efficiency, extension of engine life, and reduction in repair and maintenance costs.

Abstract: A lubricity enhancer at extreme temperatures and pressures comprises a first stage solid lubricant selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, polytetrafluorethylene and mixtures thereof, a second stage solid lubricant selected from the group consisting of boron nitride, tungsten disulfide and mixtures thereof, and a third stage solid lubricant of an inorganic fluoride characterized by being capable of forming a bonded substantially homogeneous film on a substrate at the elevated temperatures and pressures. The solid lubricants are blended in a concentrated form with a liquid carrier to form a lubricant additive concentrate for addition to a base oil or the solid lubricants are blended directly with the base oil to form a lubricating composition.

Abstract: Provided is a lubricating oil composition for round die rolling, which is obtained by blending a base oil with: (A) 0.5 to 40 mass % of a monoester having 13 to 48 carbon atoms (a-1) and/or 0.5 to 30 mass % of a fatty dicarboxylate having 13 to 34 carbon atoms (a-2); (B) 0.01 to 10 mass % of a thiadiazole compound; (C) 0.01 to 15 mass % of a thiophosphite; and (D) 0.01 to 5 mass % of a triazole compound. The lubricating oil composition for round die rolling shows excellent processing performance without using any chlorine-based compound, and is able to improve lubricity in a bearing to lengthen the life of the bearing.

Abstract: Relatively high speed methods for increasing the bulk density of coal particles without impacting the coal particles and an apparatus for compacting coal for making metallurgical coke. The method includes depositing coal particles onto a charging plate external to a coking oven. The charging plate has side walls, and at least one movable end wall to provide an elongate bed of dry, uncompacted coal having an upper surface on the charging plate. The uncompacted coal is compacted by passing a vibratory cylindrical compactor along a length of the uncompacted coal for a number of passes sufficient to decrease a thickness of the bed of coal to less than about 80 percent of an original thickness of the uncompacted coal. The vibratory cylindrical compactor has a length to diameter ratio ranging from about 1.4:1 to about 2:1.