Abstract: A process for producing atomized, powdered metal or alloy is disclosed. Streams of molten metal or alloy are forced through orifices whose openings are so small that the surface tension of the molten metal or alloy would otherwise prevent the flow of molten metal or alloy through the orifice.

Abstract: Cement bonded boards are manufactured by mixing wooden chip material with cement, additives and water and forming this mixture into a mat from which individual sections corresponding to the desired length of the board blanks are then produced. The individual sections are pressed and then hardened by the application of heat which produces initial setting of the cement. The boards are then left for a period of time so that the cement bond can reach its full strength. After this stage the boards are passed through a conditioning channel to achieve a moisture balance between the atmosphere and the board material. Only at this stage are the boards subjected to an edge preparation process in which they are trimmed to the final size. The waste material is at least partly comminuted and return to the beginning of the process where it is once again added to the chip material prior to the mat forming step.

Abstract: A method of molding a perforated article involves supplying a formable material to a preforming chamber where the material is compressed so that it substantially assumes the cross-sectional shape of the preforming chamber. The formable material is then transferred under compressive forces to a molding chamber, which has a volume less than the volume of the preforming chamber and a shape which substantially matches the shape of the perforated article to be molded. The formable material is then heated in the molding chamber to cure it and thereby form the perforated article.

Abstract: An increase in fine particle metal production is realized when the descending molten metal stream is caused to impinge upon one of two descending fluid streams at a locus offset from the locus of intersection of the two descending fluid streams.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacture of moulded mineral wool objects which are bound by a binder and which have a substantially constant cross-section along their entire lengths, whereby mineral wool in the form of flocks and/or granules which are impregnated or mixed with a binder and which are collected in a feeding chamber to which a mould channel is connected. The mineral wool is continuously or stepwise pressed by a compressing device into and through the mould channel and during the movement therein it is subjected to a heat treatment to cure the binder of the mineral wool, whereupon the continuous body of bound mineral wool is expelled from the channel. If desired it is subjected to a surface treatment or any subsequent treatment and is cut into intended lengths. The channel may include one or more cores providing one or more axial bores through the mineral wool body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hot briquetting apparatus for producing reduced iron briquettes comprising a container for receiving high temperature reduced iron; a storage tank connected to and located underneath the container for storing reduced iron and a hot briquetting machine located at a bottom opening of the storage tank. The improvement involves a means for charging residual reduced iron powder, carbon or mixtures thereof as well as an inert gas into the storage tank, said charge means connected to the storage tank and penetrating into the storage tank so that it is attached in a fluid-tight manner; said powder, carbon, inert gas, etc., being funneled into the storage tank in specific proportions in response to control means which are activated by a temperature sensor in contact with the reduced iron within the storage tank.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing mineral fibers comprising a container having means for heating the mineral material to form a molten pool therein, a plurality of discs having a portion thereof immersed in the molten pool, and means for rotating the discs in the same angular direction at high speed. In a preferred embodiment means are provided for moving a gas such as air or steam across the edges of the rotating discs to assist in the attenuation of the fibers.

Abstract: In the manufacture of mineral-wool mats or slabs, the raw materials are melted in a melting furnace and are spun to fibers in a spinner. The fibers, after admixture of a resin binder, are deposited so as to be formed to wool mats in a collecting chamber, then cured, trimmed at the sides and cut up into lengths. Both during spinning and during trimming, cutting up into lengths and a subsequent final inspection and check for defects, waste products arise. In order not to have to deliver these waste products, as hitherto, to a proper dump but, instead, to be able to recycle them direct to the production process, the waste products are broken up into smaller pieces and/or unravelled, heated and then briquetted while hot, whereupon the briquettes, possibly after cooling down and interim storage, are combined with the raw materials which are to be melted and thus returned via the melting furnace into the production process.

Abstract: In the growth of gadolinium gallium garnet monocrystals, a crucible is charged with a preformed body (65) of oxide powders to form a melt. In preparation therefor, the oxide powders are formulated into a typical particulate material (16) which is compacted into a body (65) having a desired size and shape. For holding material (16), there is provided a pouch (38) of a first size having elastic walls expandable to a second size, larger than body (65). The pouch (38) is disposed within a chamber (36) having inside walls conforming to the desired shape of the body (65) but of the second size. An open neck (42) of the pouch (38) extends through and is sealed to an opening (60) in chamber (36). Then a vacuum is drawn between the pouch (38) and chamber (36) to expand pouch (38) to said shape and second size formed by the chamber walls. As the particulate material (16) is introduced into the expanded pouch (38), such material conforms to the shape and second size of such expanded pouch.

Abstract: A mass of normally solid material, e.g. metal or metal alloy, which at a temperature within 25 percent of its equilibrium melting point .degree.K has a surface tension of 10 to 2500 dynes/cm. and a viscosity of 0.001 to 1 poise, is changed into fine solid particulates, preferably flake-like to almost spherical shape. A solid mass of the material has a portion thereof, e.g. tip or edge, unconfined by a crucible or the like, heated, such as by a flame or electron beam to alter that portion to a molten state whereby molten droplets or globules fall therefrom to contact a rapidly moving wall of a centrifugally disposed rotating liquid quench fluid, e.g. water or oil, and upon contacting are disrupted and broken up into finer globules or particles which are swept away with and quenched in the rapidly moving quench fluid to become rapidly solidified as fine particulates.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting several frozen confections from the mold cups of the mold member of a freezing apparatus and for conveying the frozen confections away from the freezing apparatus while rotating each confection 90.degree. and separating the confections to wider intervals. Such extractor-conveyor includes a plurality of extractor bar assemblies and an endless conveyor for moving the extractor bar assemblies from an extraction station to an ejection station. Each extractor bar assembly includes a plurality of gripper units that are initially arranged at relatively close intervals along the length of the extractor bar assembly that are each aligned with their direction of travel. The gripper units are connected by links and are mounted within a transverse channel so they may be rotated and separated as they are conveyed by a camming rail that is positioned to engage a cam follower roller attached to an end gripper unit.

Abstract: An annular die and a matingly provided annular punch cooperate for stepwise building-up a hollow; the punch has one or two channels to which powder is fed; the amount for each feed is limited so that the height of the powder compressed in each step is about 0.6 to 0.8 times the annular dimension of the product to be made.

Abstract: Latex material disposed in a solvent is injected into a sheath fluid into which the solvent is soluble, but the latex is not. The solvent being jetted from a vibrating nozzle forms droplets within the flowing sheath, which is then delivered onto an inclined hydrophobic surface reposing at a low angle to the jet. As the droplet containing stream strikes and flows down the surface, its velocity is taken up as the phase separation process for forming microparticles begins.

Abstract: A method for producing urea prills by passing molten droplets of substantially water free urea downwardly through a cooling zone countercurrent to a cooling gas. A dispersion of crystalline particles is maintained in at least a portion of the cooling zone, the crystalline particles having average dimensions of between 2 and 10 microns and being dispersed in the cooling gas in a quantity of between about 8 and 25 mg per m.sup.3 of the cooling gas at ambient temperature and pressure, whereby urea prills, built up of relatively small crystallites with random orientation having improved impact strength are formed.

Abstract: An improvement in the apparatus for the production of air laid fiberglass mat is provided. Fiberglass strands from bobbins, rovings or other sources are fed into a chopper assembly for chopping into smaller in length strands. The smaller in length strands then drop by gravity from the chopper assembly and are picked up by an air stream created by a fan or blower located below the chopper assembly. This air stream directs these smaller in length strands into the inlet of the fan or blower. In an alternative, already chopped strands could be fed directly into the inlet of the fan or blower eliminating the need for the chopper assembly. Fan or blower blades then work on these smaller in length fiberglass strands as they pass from the inlet to the exit of the fan or blower to open or fluff said smaller in length fiberglass strands into partially opened strands. The partially opened strands are then directed by the air stream caused by the air stream caused by the fan or blower through an expanding duct.

Abstract: A process for making an elastomeric compound that has chopped fibers dispersed throughout the compound with orientation of the chopped fibers to increase the modulus and strength of the compound by milling the fiber loaded compound to break up the fibers and thereafter mold and then vulcanize the resulting product.

Abstract: A continuously operable chipboard press has a heatable pressing drum enclosed over a part of its periphery by a first endless steel pressing belt which is guided around direction-changing rolls, thereby forming a pressing section for a chip cake. In order to increase the surface pressure applied by the endless pressing belt, a second endless steel pressing belt is guided around separate direction-changing rolls within a space between the pressing section and a return pass of the first endless pressing belt. The second endless steel pressing belt acts on the outer face of the first pressing belt for a part of the pressing section.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an article to an intended near final shape and size with powder as the starting material. The powder is placed in a first capsule having the shape of the desired article and a size which allows for a suitable decrease in volume when pressing the powder into a solid body. This first capsule is placed in a second larger capsule and is surrounded on all its sides by a medium which is viscous at the compression temperature. The second outer capsule with its contents is heated, inserted into a press chamber, and surrounded by a readily deformable heat-insulating material such as talcum powder. A piston is inserted into the press chamber and acts to generate a pressure which compresses the material in the first capsule into a homogeneous, solid body.

Abstract: In the production of silicon or silicon-alloy bodies in which a shaped pre-form, blank or like member containing a silicon carrier and carbon is subjected to an electric furnace, the fine-grain silicon carrier intimately mixed with preferably a stoichiometric amount of caking coal and the mixture is molded to form the body which is subjected to hot briquetting at a temperature of 350.degree. to 550.degree. C. as is used for the hot briquetting of coal.

Abstract: In the processes for the production of solid particulate sulfur by prilling or granulation, wherein molten sulfur emanates from a spray means, such as a prilling device or spray nozzle, interruptions occur in the flow of sulfur from the spray means. The uneven flow of molten sulfur from a spray means can be substantially eliminated by applying vibration to the spray means, preferably in the diection of flow of molten sulfur through the spray means, at a low frequency in the range of 0.2 to 30 cycles per second. The molten sulfur emanating from the spray means is at a temperature of at least one Celsius degree above the melting temperature of sulfur and under a pressure of at least 250 Pa. The flow rate of sulfur from the spray means is uniform and steady, the particulate sulfur product is hard and closely sized, and the emission of sulfur fines discharging from the process is reduced.