Abstract: Techniques for improved copy on write functionality within an SSD are disclosed. In some embodiments, the techniques may be realized as a method for providing improved copy on write functionality within an SSD including providing, in memory of a device, an indirection data structure. The data structure may include a master entry for cloned data, the master entry having a reference to one or more indexes and a clone entry for the cloned data, the cloned entry having at least one of: a reference to a master index, a reference to a next index, and a value indicating an end of a data structure. The techniques may include traversing, using a computer processor, one or more copies of the cloned data using one or more of the references.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for performing operations in a communications protocol. An example method can include submitting, from a device, a request for a queue entry representing a command from a host comprising a request for data stored at a device memory location; receiving the command from the host; and executing the command. An example method can also include selecting a bit string representing whether a requested data stream has been received, and storing the bit string into a memory buffer portion to mark the buffer portion. The method can include receiving, into the memory buffer, the stream. The method can include retrieving contents of the buffer portion, and determining whether the contents contain the bit string. If so, the method can include determining that portions of the stream have not been received. Otherwise, the method can include determining that the stream has been received.

Abstract: The following embodiments generally relate to the use of a “swap area” in a non-volatile memory as an extension to volatile memory in a computing device. These embodiments include techniques to use both volatile memory and non-volatile swap memory to pre-load a plurality of applications, to control the bandwidth of swap operations, to encrypt data stored in the swap area, and to perform a fast clean-up of the swap area.

Abstract: Data on a storage device may be marked as sensitive data and this marked sensitive automatically destroyed (e.g., scrubbed) upon erasure. For example, when sensitive data is erased, new data may be immediately written over the erased sensitive data. To destroy the erased data, random characters and/or a fixed sequence of characters may be written over the erased data. The storage device, the operating system, and/or other software may share tasks related to tracking and scrubbing sensitive data. Scrubbing may include writing a fixed sequence, such as zeroes, or writing random characters of data.

Abstract: Methods and systems for wirelessly transmitting data between Wi-Fi stations without requiring the Wi-Fi stations to be fully connected to the Wi-Fi network. A first Wi-Fi station generates the data to be transmitted. The data comprises status data and/or wake-up data. The first Wi-Fi station then inserts the data in a vendor-specific information element of a probe request frame and wirelessly transmits the probe request frame. The probe request frame is then received by a second Wi-Fi station. If the probe request frame contains wake-up data and the second Wi-Fi station is operating in a low-power mode when it receives the probe request frame, the second Wi-Fi station will wake-up from the low-power mode. If the probe request frame contains status data then the second Wi-Fi station may process the probe request frame and/or forward at least a portion of the received probe request frame to another device.

Abstract: A network switch includes a plurality of internal ports, a plurality of external ports, an event handler, an action engine, and an event processor. The event handler detects an event and, in response, assembles a construct that includes event parameters. The action engine uses the construct to generate an event syntax. The event processor executes the event syntax to automatically configure the communication between the plurality of internal ports and the plurality of external ports. A first event may include the connection of a cable to a first external port and result in each of the plurality of internal ports communicating with the first external port. A second event may include the connection of a cable to a second external port and result in a first subset of internal ports communicating with the first external port and a second subset of internal ports communicating with the second external port.

Abstract: A method of channel estimation enhancement is provided. In a wireless communications system, a transmitting device transmits a long preamble frame comprising a first training field, a signal field, and a second training field. The signal field has a beam-change indicator bit indicates whether there is beam change between the first training field and the second training field. A receiving device receives the long preamble frame, performs a first channel estimation based on the first training field, and performs a second channel estimation based on the second training field. If the beam-change indicator bit indicates negative beam change, then the receiving device performs channel estimation enhancement by combining the first channel estimation and the second channel estimation. As a result, channel estimation performance is improved.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture to provide root re-selection in a spanning tree protocol are disclosed. An example method includes transmitting, from a current root device on a playback network, a query message to a router on the playback network. The example method includes evaluating a response received from at least one intermediate device between the current root and the router, the at least one intermediate device relaying the query message from the root to the router and transmitting a response back to the current root device indicating a root path cost associated with that intermediate device. The example method includes determining, based on the received root path cost(s), an updated designation of a new root device for the playback network. The example method includes, if the new root device is different from the current root device, exchanging bridge priority between the current root and the new root.

Abstract: Notifying served user equipments (UEs) of the presence or absence of cell-specific reference signal (CRS) symbols transmitted by neighboring base stations in the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) region of a subframe can be achieved through various of signaling techniques. The served UE may be notified by communicating a one or multi-bit indicator in a physical layer signaling channel of the serving cell, such as the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) of the subframe. Alternatively, the served UE may be notified through higher layer signaling.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a download method and system based on a Management Data Input/Output (MDIO) interface, wherein the download method based on the MDIO interface comprises: a master device informing a slave device of using the MDIO interface to start downloading data packets in batches; the master device transmitting data packets in batches to the slave device by using an MDIO frame, wherein the MDIO frame comprises: a data packet address field and/or a data packet serial number field, wherein the data packet address field is used to indicate a relative address of one data packet in the slave device, and the data packet serial number field is used to indicate a location of said one data packet in multiple data packets; the slave device judging that a received data packet is a last data packet of a current batch transmission from the master device, and finishing a current batch download.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a cluster partitioning module and an optimization module. The cluster partitioning module receives a first performance indicator set for a first instance of a time period set. The cluster partitioning module defines a recurring schedule set, where each time period from the recurring schedule set is associated with a performance indicator from the first performance indicator set and within a predefined range of a performance indicator associated with the remaining time periods from the recurring schedule set. The optimization module receives a second performance indicator set for a second instance of the time period set. The optimization module defines a metric value based on the second performance indicator set, and causes a change in a network implementation based on the metric value at each time period from a third instance of the time period set and from the recurring schedule set.

Abstract: A communication system includes a plurality of first nodes that, in accordance with processing rules (packet handling operations) prescribing processing contents for a packet belonging to a pre-set flow, processes a packet received, which matches to the processing rules, and a second node that forwards the received packet via its ports without referencing the processing rules. The communication system also includes a control apparatus that sets, for the first nodes situated on a forwarding path for the packet belonging to the pre-set flow, processing rules to forward the packet belonging to the pre-set flow to each next hop. The control apparatus also sets, for the first node not situated on the forwarding path, processing rules to instruct dropping the packet that is forwarded from the second node and that is deviated from the forwarding path.

Abstract: A system and method handles a group session of a communication group. The method includes determining server association data and access network association data for each mobile unit in a communication group. The server association data indicates a first association with a Push-To-Talk (PTT) server. The access network association data indicates a second association with an operating area respective to the PTT servers. The method includes determining a first MU of the MUs in the communication group being associated with a first PTT server and associated with a MBMS operating area of a second PTT server, the first PTT server controlling the group session. When none of the MUs participating in the group session is associated with the second PTT server, the method includes inviting the second PTT server to join the group session of the communication group.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for computing measurement metrics in a wireless communications network are provided. One example method generally includes obtaining a channel impulse response (CIR) from one or more reference signals (RSs) transmitted from one or more antennas of a base station (BS); calculating an absolute square per element of the CIR to generate channel energy response (CER) elements; calculating a threshold value based on a noise variance estimated from a portion of the CER elements; selecting CER elements that exceed the threshold value; and computing a reference signal received power (RSRP) value based on the selected CER elements.

Abstract: An access controller is coupled to a plurality of physical access points. The access controller is operable to create a plurality of virtual access controllers that are each coupled to the plurality of physical access points. The access controller then creates a different virtual access point for each of the plurality of virtual access controllers, and associates the virtual access point of each virtual access controller with each of the plurality of physical access points coupled to that virtual access controller. The access controller then provides a plurality of different wireless sub-networks through each of the plurality of physical access points, with each virtual access controller providing one of the different wireless sub-networks using the virtual access point associated with each of the plurality of physical access points coupled to that virtual access controller.

Abstract: A method performed by a slave network edge node (e.g., a Broadband Network Gateway BNG2) for enhancing a Long Term Evolution (LTE) backup channel in the event of a failure of a master network edge node (e.g., BNG1) in a wireline network. When BNG2 detects the failure of BNG1, BNG2 sends a failure update message to a Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN GW) of an LTE network. The PDN GW provides a backup channel for the CPE to reach the wide area network over a mobile tunnel. Before the failure the mobile tunnel has an end point at BNG1, and the failure update message notifies the PDN GW that the end point of the mobile tunnel has changed from BNG1 to BNG2. After BNG2 receives a failure acknowledgement message from the PDN GW, BNG2 routes the traffic from the PDN GW over the mobile tunnel to the wide area network.

Abstract: Methods and systems for implementing self-testing of packet-processing devices are disclosed. For example, a packet-processing device includes a plurality of ports each having a receive media access controller (RX MAC) and a transmit media access controller (TX MAC), and a switching engine that includes a traffic control table coupled to the plurality of ports. The traffic control table is configured to: provide one or more first test packets to a first port, and enable the first port to perform a packet storming operation so as to create a stream of repeated first packets that are transmitted from the first port to one or more selected second ports.

Abstract: A communication system comprises one or more transmitters and a receiving station. A transmitter segments a payload to be transmitted into multiple fragments and transmits each fragment of the payload in a different transmission. The receiving station receives the fragments, reassembles the payload from the received fragments and validates the integrity of the payload. Methods are presented for efficiently rebuilding a payload from fragments of the payload and for validating the integrity of the payload.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a method in a network node (12,14) for signalling Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request, HARQ, configuration for a common enhanced dedicated channel configuration in a radio communications network (1). The network node (12,14) is comprised in the radio communications network (1) and serves a user equipment (10). The network node (12,14) determines a state of a HARQ process of a transmission time interval out of a number of HARQ processes for a common enhanced dedicated channel configuration. The state is defining whether the HARQ process is active or inactive. The network node (12,14) signals the HARQ configuration for the common enhanced dedicated channel configuration by broadcasting a value representing the state of the HARQ process.

Abstract: A useful technique for configuring radio equipment as networking radio equipment is provided. Networking radio equipment 3A connected to a first node via a first link and to a second node via a second link includes a first frame processing unit 31a, a second frame processing unit 31b, and a controller 33. The first frame processing unit 31a performs framing/deframing of a layer 1 frame flowing over the first link, and includes a first port that allows input/output of a layer 2 frame. The second frame processing unit 31b performs framing/deframing of a layer 1 frame flowing over the second link, and includes a second port that allows input/output of a layer 2 frame. The controller 33 controls the radio equipment 3A, and includes a control port that allows input/output of a layer 2 frame. A layer 2 switch 35 determines destination of the layer 2 frame.