Abstract: A process for manufacturing wear and corrosion-protected surfaces on plasticized screws for injection molding machines forms the wear-resistent layers over the entire screw surface in two steps. A laser technique is used to melt additives into the surfaces of the screw rib, flank and top as well as the screw base by high-speed flame spring with hard metallic and/or ceramic substances.

Abstract: The objective of the invention is to provide a resist material deposition method which allows reliable deposition using a small amount of resist material without unevenness.The method of the present invention comprises the following processing steps: a first processing step in which the resist material is fed to the central portion of the semiconductor substrate, and a second processing step in which the aforementioned semiconductor substrate is rotated at a high velocity so that the aforementioned resist material spreads out smoothly toward the circumferential portion of the aforementioned semiconductor substrate. In the first processing step, the semiconductor substrate is rotated at a velocity in the range of 1000-1500 rpm; in the second processing step, the semiconductor substrate is rotated at a velocity in the range of 3000-3800 rpm.

Abstract: A phosphor comprises, in atomic percentages, 90% to 100% of a mixed metal oxide MxTyOz, wherein M is a metal selected from Zn, Sn, In, Cu, and combinations thereof, T is a refractory metal selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, and combinations thereof, and O is Oxygen, x, y, and z being chosen such that z is at most stoichiometric for MxTyOz; and 0% to 10% of a dopant comprising a substance selected from a rare earth element of the lanthanide series, Mn, Cr, and combinations thereof, or stoichiometrically excess zinc, copper, tin, or indium. Cathodoluminescent phosphor compositions stimulable by electrons of very low energy are prepared from metal oxides treated with refractory metals in various processes disclosed.

Abstract: A substrate treating method and apparatus for treating a substrate by supplying a developing solution thereto while spinning the substrate. A nozzle having a plurality of discharge openings for discharging the developer is disposed such that the discharge openings are at different distances from the spin center of the substrate. The developer is discharged from the nozzle while the latter is moved radially of the substrate. The discharge openings then describe loci not overlapping one another over the substrate. The developer is evenly supplied over the substrate to promote the uniformity of development on the substrate surface.

Abstract: A durable image is formed by the combination of an aqueous ink comprising an aqueous vehicle and a colorant; and a textile, wherein said textile has been treated with a hydrophilic composition containing at least one crosslinkable thermoplastic polymer, said crosslinkable polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 6,000 and being selected from the group consisting of polymers having at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one crosslinkable group; and a mixture of at least two polymers wherein at least one has a carboxylic acid group and at least one other has a crosslinkable group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a superhard film-coated member having a diamond or diamond-like carbon film strongly bonded to a cemented carbide substrate and a method of manufacturing such a member. The cemented carbide substrate is subjected to heat treatment to cause the bonding metal in a region of the substrate near to its surface to migrate to the surface so as to form hemispherical deposits thereon. The deposits are left undisturbed or a part or all thereof are removed, and subsequently diamond and/or diamond-like carbon is grown on the substrate surface by a chemical vapor deposition process. The deposits formed on the substrate surface have the effect of significantly improving the bonding strength between the superhard films and the cemented carbide substrate to allow formation of thicker film coatings.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spin coating apparatus and method for coating a semiconductor wafer of known diameter with a thin and substantially uniform coating of a solution. The apparatus comprises a containment bowl with a rotatable vacuum chuck, having a diameter less than hat of the wafer, rotatably mounted inside the bowl. The vacuum chuck captively holds a bottom surface of the wafer. Directly beneath the bottom surface of the wafer is a substantially frustroconical deflector ring. The deflector ring is concentrically attached about and stationary with respect to the rotatable vacuum chuck. The top surface of the ring is located just below and in close-spaced parallel relation to the bottom surface of the wafer. The top face of the deflector has a minimum diameter that is greater that the diameter of the semiconductor wafer. With the system of this invention the requirement of an organic solvent wash of the wafer backside after the coating of the wafer top surface is eliminated.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display panel having a plurality of emitting portions includes; a substrate (2) on which a plurality of first display electrodes (3) corresponding to emitting portions are formed; electrical insulation ramparts (7) projecting from the substrate for exposing at least portions of the first display electrodes respectively; organic function layers (8) each including at least one organic electroluminescent medium formed on exposed portions of the first display electrodes; second display electrodes (8) formed on the organic function layers; and each electrical insulation rampart having an overhanging portion (7a) projecting in a direction parallel to substrate. The cathodes are patterned automatically without use of the photolithography.

Abstract: A biological sensor 10 having a beam/light shaper 30 which is adapted to inject light into the sensor at substantially the critical angle with respect to the side surface of the sensor. The sensor 10, of the preferred embodiment of the invention, further may undergo a surface treatment which reduces/eliminates non-specific binding to the sensor surface and a treatment process to reduce light energy losses occurring by mounting and/or inserting the fiber portion of the sensor into the medium of interest. Both the light injection and surface treatment methodologies have utility apart from the biological immunoassay sensor embodiment described and claimed in this Application and may be independently applied to a biological sensor.

Abstract: A fluorescent layer formation process which comprises dispersing particles of a fluorescent substance and particles of a (meth)acrylic resin as a binder or particles of the fluorescent substance coated with the (meth)acrylic resin in a medium incapable of dissolving the resin therein to prepare a fluorescent paste; applying the fluorescent paste on a fluorescent layer formation surface to form a paste layer; and baking the paste layer at such a temperature that the resin is substantially decomposed or burnt out, thereby to form a fluorescent layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of reducing lead release from lead crys glass by applying a coating manufactured by application and hardening of a coating material containing a hydrolytic condensation product comprising a cross-linkable organofunctional hydrosilicon, a metal compound and an organic prepolymer cross-linkable with this hydrolytic condensate.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for forming a phosphor screen of a monochrome cathode ray tube (projection tube) which has an improved luminance remaining property. The phosphor particles are settled on an inner surface of a glass bulb with a binder of SiO.sub.2 to form a phosphor layer, in which the amount of SiO.sub.2 is reduced by rinsing with a water-based liquid like deionized water and a PVA solution before forming an organic layer on the phosphor layer. The phosphor screen has an improved luminance remaining property that is close to that of a direct viewing color cathode ray tube, without lowering the screen quality.

Abstract: A process for producing near perfect optical surfaces. A previously polished optical surface is measured to determine its deviations from the desired perfect surface. A multi-aperture mask is designed based on this measurement and fabricated such that deposition through the mask will correct the deviations in the surface to an acceptable level. Various mask geometries can be used: variable individual aperture sizes using a fixed grid for the apertures or fixed aperture sizes using a variable aperture spacing. The imperfections are filled in using a vacuum deposition process with a very thin thickness of material such as silicon monoxide to produce an amorphous surface that bonds well to a glass substrate.

Abstract: A process for rendering carpet fiber resistant to stains and soil comprisinga) applying to carpet fiber a first aqueous medium of at least one stain resist,b) applying to carpet fiber a second distinct aqueous medium of at least one fluorochemical soil resist, without any intervening steaming or rinsing, andc) drying the carpet, is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for protecting a surface from non-desired contamination and for facilitating removal of said contamination from said surface, characterized by the steps: a) preparing a solution of polysaccharides containing at least two components, wherein one component is constituted by a first polysaccharide which, when precipitated from a solution by evaporation of the solvent thereof, directly forms a film and wherein the second component is constituted by a second polysaccharide which, when precipitated from a solution by evaporation of the solvent thereof, forms a film via at least partial gel formation, or by interaction with said first polysaccharide, said films being redissolvable or swellable: b) applying the solution from step a) onto said surface before subjected to contamination: c) allowing the applied solution to dry so as to form a solid film on said surface via at least partial gel formation: d) treating the film-coated surface with a liquid capable of redissolving film or provided swelling thereof

Abstract: Disclosed is a processing apparatus comprising holding means, support means, process solution supply means, life means, and rotating means. A substrate to be processed is rotatably held by the holding means. An overhanging portion of the substrate extending over an edge of the holding means is supported by the support means to maintain a front surface of the substrate horizontally flat. A process solution is supplied from the process solution supply means onto the front surface of the substrate held by the holding means and supported by the support means. The substrate held by the holding means is vertically moved by the lift means relative to the support means. Further, the substrate moved upward relative to the support means is rotated by the rotating means.

Abstract: A method of making a ceramic retroreflective element having enhanced strength and increased retained reflectivity. The method of the present invention comprises forming retroreflective elements by the following steps:a) providing glass flakes;b) coating said glass flakes with a first barrier layer yielding coated glass flakes;c) providing optical elements;d) optionally coating said optical elements with a second barrier layer;e) blending said optical elements and said coated glass flakes;f) heating said optical elements and said coated glass flakes to spheroidize said flakes while agitating said optical elements and said coated glass flakes;g) further heating said optical elements and said spheroidized glass flakes to partially embed said optical elements in said spheroidized flakes while agitating said optical elements and said spheriodized flakes; andh) cooling said spheroidized flakes having partially embedded optical elements.

Abstract: A coating film forming method for forming a resist coating film on an upper surface of a wafer held by a spin chuck in a chamber includes (a) the step of keeping preliminary correlation data representing correlation between a wafer rotating speed and the thickness of the resist coating film formed on the wafer in the chamber, (b) the step of conveying the wafer into the chamber and holding the wafer by the spin chuck, (c) the step of pouring the resist liquid onto the wafer and spin-rotating the wafer to form a resist coating film on the upper surface of the wafer, (d) the step of detecting the thickness of the formed resist coating film by a sensor, (e) the step of detecting a rotating speed of the spin chuck by a sensor, and (f) the step of, on the basis of the detected film thickness and the preliminary correlation data, correcting a set rotating speed of the spin chuck to feedback-control a resist coating process for a next wafer.

Abstract: A method of making an optical fiber device, which comprises the steps of providing an optical fiber element comprising an optical fiber having at least one thermally removable coating thereon, and thermally removing all or a predetermined portion of the thermally removable coating(s) to sufficiently expose said optical fiber for a subsequent processing step. Following removal of the thermally removable coating, the optical fiber has a predetermined median fracture stress, as measured according to FOTP-28. The optical fiber may then be processed into an optical fiber device and optionally recoated.

Abstract: An improved method of coating an optical fiber is disclosed. A transducer is submerged in a container of liquid coating material and activated so that it causes the formation of a wave of coating material within the container. The optical fiber is then drawn through the container and through the wave, the wave counterbalancing the negative meniscus produced by drawing the fiber through the container. A curved housing also may be placed in the container and surrounding the transducer for controlling the size, amplitude, shape, or direction of the wave. A plurality of transducers also advantageously may be used.