Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition of a crystalline monohydrate of the compound of formula (IV) wherein the crystalline monohydrate is characterized by certain unit cell parameters.

Abstract: The instant invention describes compounds having metalloenzyme modulating activity, and methods of treating diseases, disorders or symptoms thereof mediated by such metalloenzymes.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula (I) wherein G is a pyrazole ring as defined in the specification and R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as defined in the specification; or a pharmaceutically acceptable ester, amide, solvate or salt thereof, including a salt of such an ester or amide, and a solvate of such an ester, amide or salt. The invention also provides the use of such compounds in the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition associated with a disease or disorder associated with estrogen receptor activity.

Abstract: A series of quinoline derivatives, substituted by an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl moiety consisting of two fused six-membered aromatic rings attached via an alkylene chain optionally linked to a heteroatom, being selective inhibitors of PI3 kinase enzymes, are accordingly of benefit in medicine, for example in the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, oncological, nociceptive or ophthalmic conditions.

Abstract: Selected 2-arylacetic acids, their derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions that contain these compounds are useful in inhibiting chemotactic activation of neutrophils (PMN leukocytes) induced by the interaction of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) with CXCR1 and CXCR2 membrane receptors. The compounds are used for the prevention and treatment of pathologies deriving from their activation. In particular, 2(ortho)-substituted arylacetic acids or their derivatives, such as amides and sulfonamides, lack cyclo-oxygenase inhibition activity and are particularly useful in the treatment of neutrophil-dependent pathologies such as psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, melanoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bullous pemphigoid, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic fibrosis, glomerulonephritis and in the prevention and treatment of damages caused by ischemia and reperfusion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of the formula: where n, m, X1, X2, X3, X4, R1, R2 and R3 are those defined herein. Some aspects of the invention also provides methods for using these compounds and compositions comprising the same.

Abstract: Aromatic compounds such as o-xylene are selectively nitrated by nitric acid in the presence of polyphosphoric acid and a large pore, acidic zeolite or a large pore, hydrophobic molecular sieve. This is an environmentally friendly, commercially viable, high conversion process for the selective nitration of aromatic compounds in the para position.

Abstract: A series of quinoline and quinoxaline derivatives, substituted by a fused bicyclic pyridine or pyrimidine moiety attached via an alkylene chain optionally linked to a heteroatom, being selective inhibitors of P13 kinase enzymes, are accordingly of benefit in medicine, for example in the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, oncological, nociceptive or ophthalmic conditions.

Abstract: A series of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives, attached at the 2-position to a substituted anilino moiety, which are substituted in the 3-position by a carbonyl group linked to a pyrrolidin-1-yl ring which in turn forms part of a heteroatom-containing fused bicyclic ring system, being selective inhibitors of human MEK (MAPKK) enzymes, are accordingly of benefit in medicine, for example in the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, cardiovascular, proliferative (including oncological) and nociceptive conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: (I) in which R1, R2, R3, and R4 are defined herein and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Further provided is a method of treating various disorders, such as a disorder selected from the group consisting of a cardiovascular disorder, cancer, chronic pain, alcohol dependence, and inflammation in a patient comprising administering an effective amount of a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having formula (I): and additionally provides methods for the synthesis thereof and methods for the use thereof in the treatment of cancer, wherein R1-R7, X1, X2, R, Q, and n are as defined herein.

Abstract: A compound that inhibits interaction between murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) protein and p53 protein and exhibits anti-tumor activity is provided. The present invention provides a dispiropyrrolidine derivative represented by the following formula (1), which has various substituents, inhibits interaction between Mdm2 protein and p53 protein and exhibits anti-tumor activity, wherein R1, R2, R3, ring A, and ring B in formula (1) respectively have the same meanings as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing dialkyl carbonate from urea or alkyl carbamate and alkyl alcohol using an ionic liquid comprising a cation, which produces a hydrogen ion, and a hydrophobic anion containing fluorine with high temperature stability in the presence of catalyst containing a metal oxide or hydrotalcite. Since the present invention can prepare dialkyl carbonate at a pressure lower than those of existing methods, it does not require an expensive pressure control device and peripheral devices for maintaining high pressure including the installation cost. It is also the method for preparing a dialkyl carbonate with high yield, thus improving economical efficiency. Moreover, the method of the present invention hardly produces any waste during the process and is thus an eco-friendly method.

Abstract: This invention relates to inhibitors of mitotic kinesins, particularly KSP, and methods for producing these inhibitors. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors of the invention and methods of utilizing the inhibitors and pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment and prevention of various disorders.

Abstract: A compound having the structure (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R3 is hydrogen, deuterium, —OH, —OC1-6alkyl, or halogen; R8 is hydrogen, deuterium, or C1-6alkyl; R11 and R12 are independently hydrogen, —C1-6alkyl, —OH, —OC1-6alkyl, or halogen; R13 and R14 are independently —C1-6alkyl, —(CH2)1-2OH, or —OC1-6alkyl, or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring containing one nitrogen atom and 0 or 1 oxygen atoms, wherein said ring is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or tri-substituted with halogen or —C1-6alkyl; R15 is —C(O)OH, —C(O)OCH2CH2N+CH3)3 wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, —C(O)NHCH(R17)OR16, or —C(O)NHCH(R17)C(O)NHCH(R18)C(O)OR16; R16 is hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, or (CH2)1-2N+R19R20R21; R1, R2, R4, R5, R6, R7, R9, R10, R17, R18, R19, R20, and R21 are independently hydrogen or —C1-6alkyl; and stereoisomers thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of stereoisomers thereof.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a process for the preparation of fosaprepitant dimeglumine intermediate and its use in the preparation of fosaprepitant dimeglumine; to a neutral form of fosaprepitant in a solid state and processes for the preparation thereof; and to a stable amorphous fosaprepitant dimeglumine, having a stability at temperatures of about 2° C. to about 8° C. and at a relative humidity below at least 60%; and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to new azetidine derivatives of the formula I to their use as medicaments, to methods for their therapeutic use and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel pyrazolyl-pyrimidine derivatives and their use as potassium channel modulating agents. In another aspect the invention is directed to pharmaceutical compositions useful for the treatment or alleviation of diseases or disorders associated with the activity of potassium channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of an alkanediol and a dialkyl carbonate comprising: reacting an alkylene carbonate and an alkanol in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to obtain a reaction mixture comprising dialkyl carbonate, unconverted alkanol, alkanediol and unconverted alkylene carbonate; and then subjecting the mixture to separation in three distillation columns.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Substituted Indole Derivatives, compositions comprising at least one Substituted Indole Derivative, and methods of using these Substituted Indole Derivatives for treating or preventing a viral infection or a virus-related disorder in a patient.