Abstract: According to one or more embodiments, a method for forming light olefins may comprise introducing a hydrocarbon feed stream into a reactor, reacting the hydrocarbon feed stream with a dehydrogenation catalyst in the reactor to from a high temperature dehydrogenated product, separating at least a portion of the dehydrogenation catalyst from the high temperature dehydrogenated product in a primary separation device, combining the high temperature dehydrogenation product with a quench stream to cool the high temperature dehydrogenation product and form an intermediate temperature dehydrogenation product, and cooling the intermediate temperature dehydrogenation product to form a cooled dehydrogenation product.

Abstract: A ceramic membrane for oxidative coupling of methane can include a perovskite oxide and catalyst material on a surface of the membrane.

Abstract: A process for producing olefins may include dehydrogenating a first alkane in a first reactor to produce a first effluent comprising at least one of a first n-olefin or a first diolefin; removing the first effluent from the first reactor; and regenerating the first reactor. The first reactor may include a first dehydrogenation catalyst and a first phase change material.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil. The method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented and may produce refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities and a high octane number from waste plastic pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A feed stream of cyclic paraffins may be separated to obtain an overhead of methylcyclopentane or cyclohexane and a bottoms stream cyclohexane or methylcyclohexane. The overhead stream may be subjected to separation of normal paraffins from non-normal paraffins with the former being isomerized or the entire overhead stream may be isomerized. In a further embodiment, the bottoms stream may be subjected to steam cracking. In an additional embodiment, the feed stream of cyclic paraffins may be formerly subjected to aromatic saturation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of bio-oil-based renewable streams for composing a diesel or aviation kerosene (AVK) pool by combining the technologies of hydroprocessing esters and fatty acids (HEFA) and thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass for generating bio-oil. The integration of conventional raw material from the HEFA pathway with a bio-oil fraction has the advantages of the use of a stream originating from the conversion of lignocellulosic material, which is widely available on the market, and also the production of a renewable stream containing aromatics in its composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting heavy hydrocarbons to light hydrocarbons includes an inlet capable of supplying a pre-foaming mixture comprising a hydrocarbon to be processed and a processing gas, wherein the processing gas is dissolved in the hydrocarbon to be processed; a foam generator configured to receive the pre-foaming mixture at a first pressure, compress the pre-foaming mixture to a second pressure that is higher than the first pressure by routing it through a nozzle; and generate a foam by allowing the pre-foaming mixture at the second pressure to expand in a chamber at a third pressure that is lower than the first or second pressures; a plasma reactor, wherein the plasma reactor is capable of receiving the foam and comprises at least one pair of spark gap electrodes capable of subjecting the foam to a plasma discharge to yield a processed mixture; and an outlet capable of receiving the processed mixture.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the utilization of a fine mineral matter in the process of upgrading the liquid products obtained by thermolysis or pyrolysis of solid plastic waste or biomass or from cracking, coking or visbreaking of petroleum feedstocks. More particularly, the present disclosure is directed to a process of stabilization of the free-radical intermediates formed during thermal or catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon feedstocks including plastic waste and on a process of catalytic in-situ heavy oil upgrading. The fine mineral matter may be derived from natural sources or from synthetic sources.

Abstract: A method for preparing a deuterated compound, and a composition including the deuterated compound are provided.

Abstract: A process including preheating a hydrocarbon feed in a first preheat zone of a convection section, recovering a preheated hydrocarbon stream; heating the preheated hydrocarbon stream in a secondary transferline exchanger, recovering a heated hydrocarbon stream; feeding the heated hydrocarbon stream to a second preheat zone of the convection section to vaporize a portion of heated hydrocarbon stream, recovering a cracking feedstream; cracking hydrocarbons in the cracking feedstream in one or more coils in a radiant section, recovering a cracked hydrocarbon product; and cooling the cracked hydrocarbon product in the secondary transferline exchanger in indirect heat exchange with the preheated hydrocarbon stream, recovering a cooled hydrocarbon product stream.

Abstract: A method for isomerizing alpha olefins to produce an isomerization mixture comprising branched olefins can comprise contacting an olefinic feed including one or more C10-C20 alpha olefins with a catalyst under skeletal isomerization conditions, wherein the catalyst comprises a molecular sieve having an MRE topology; and obtaining an isomerization mixture comprising one or more C10-C20 branched olefins.

Abstract: A device and a process to propagate molecular growth of hydrocarbons, either straight or branched chain structures, that naturally occur in the gas phase of a first gas to gas phase molecules of a second gas having higher molecular chain lengths than the hydrocarbons of the first gas. According to one embodiment, the device includes a grounded reactor vessel having a gas inlet, a product outlet, and an electrode within the vessel; a power supply coupled to the electrode for creating an electrostatic field within the vessel for converting the first gas to a second gas.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, catalysts and systems for producing styrene from DME and toluene. Zeolite catalysts comprising potassium, rubidium or cesium and containing at least 0.1 wt % B are described. Methods of making the catalysts are also described.

Abstract: A SCM-34 molecular sieve, preparation method therefor and use thereof are provided. The SCM-34 molecular sieve contains aluminum, phosphorus, oxygen and optionally silicon. In the XRD diffraction data of the molecular sieve, a 2? degree of the strongest peak within the range of 5-50° is 7.59±0.2. The SCM-34 molecular sieve has a new skeleton structure and can be used to prepare a metal-containing AFI type molecular sieve or an SAPO-17 molecular sieve.

Abstract: A process for converting C2-5 alkanes to higher value C5-24 hydrocarbon fuels and blendstocks. The C2-5 alkanes are converted to olefins by thermal olefination, without the use of a dehydrogenation catalyst and without the use of steam. The product olefins are fed to an oligomerization reactor containing a zeolite catalyst to crack, oligomerize and cyclize the olens to the fuel products which are then recovered. Optionally, hydrogen and methane are removed from the product olefin stream prior to oligomerization. Further optionally, C2-5 alkanes are removed from the product olefin stream prior to oligomerization.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for converting lower linear and branched mono-olefins, derived from C2-C5 bio-based alcohols to higher hydrocarbons, to one or more C8-C24 hydrocarbons. Certain embodiments provide a process for oligomerization of branched and/or linear C3-C8 olefins to renewable diesel fuel and/or jet fuel in overall yields of at least 70% in the presence of tungstated ?-alumina or tungstated silica catalysts admixed with ZSM-5 type zeolites.

Abstract: Metal oxides are provided that have selective hydrogen combustion activity while also acting as solid oxygen carriers (SOCs). The metal oxides correspond to a metal oxide core of at least one metal having multiple oxidation states that is modified with an alkali metal oxide and/or alkali metal halogen (such as an alkali metal chloride). The resulting modified metal oxide, corresponding to a solid oxygen carrier, can allow for selective combustion of hydrogen while reducing or minimizing combustion of hydrocarbons, such as within a propane dehydrogenation environment. Additionally, it has been unexpectedly found that modifying the core metal oxide with the alkali metal oxide and/or alkali metal chloride can also mitigate coke formation on the solid oxygen carrier. Methods of using such metal oxides for selective hydrogen combustion are also provided.

Abstract: A method for producing renewable diesel includes introducing a primary feedstock comprising biologically-derived triglycerides with catalyst poisons into a first reaction chamber and hydrolyzing the primary feedstock within the first reaction and liquid-liquid extraction chamber for at least an hour such that the reacted triglycerides are separated into an aqueous solution comprising glycerol and catalyst poisons, and an intermediate feedstock comprising free fatty acids and catalyst poisons. The method also includes distilling the intermediate feedstock to separate the intermediate feedstock into a purified intermediate stream and a lower volume bottom stream containing unreacted triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, FFA and catalyst poisons. The method also includes combining the purified intermediate feedstock with a hydrogen stream and converting, in a second reaction chamber comprising a metallic catalyst bed, the purified intermediate feedstock into a product comprising long-chain alkanes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing waste plastics are provided. One method includes mixing, heating and compacting a supply of the waste plastic based feedstock having an appreciable amount of halide compounds or heteroatoms from one or more sources of contamination; providing an amendment comprising alkaline earth oxides and/or hydroxides, oxides of iron, and/or oxides of aluminum to be mixed, heated and compacted with the waste plastic based feedstock to form a densified melt of plastic material including the amendment; and pyrolyzing the densified melt of plastic material including the amendment within a pyrolysis reactor. Another method includes pyrolyzing a supply of the waste plastic feedstock within a pyrolysis reactor to generate a hydrocarbon gas stream and a solids residue stream; condensing out a tars product from the hydrocarbon gas stream output from the pyrolysis reactor with a quenching apparatus; and pyrolyzing the tars product within a supplemental pyrolysis reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing an amount of dissolved impurities in an oxygen containing renewable feedstock, the dissolved impurities being selected from impurities comprising phosphorus and impurities comprising at least one metal. The method comprises obtaining a net elementary charge of a first feedstock; mixing the first feedstock with an elementary charge balancing component to obtain the feedstock to be treated, whereby the feedstock to be treated has a net elementary charge which is closer to zero net elementary charge than the net elementary charge of the first feedstock; and subjecting the feedstock to be treated to a heat treatment at a temperature of 180-400° C. in order to precipitate compounds containing said phosphorus and said at least one metal.